Figure 27 capparispine or capparispine alkaloids in free forms.
Related Figures (48)
Figure | - Arils from different pomegranate cultivars sclerenchyma tissue, which affects seed softness (Levin, 2006). The husk is comprised of two parts: the pericarp, which provides a cuticle layer and fibrous mat; and the mesocarp (known also as the albedo), which is the spongy tissue and inner fruit wall where the arils attach.The multi-ovule chambers (locules) are separated by membranous walls (septum) and fleshy mesocarp. The chambers are organized in a non symmetrical way. Usually the lower part of the fruit contains 2 to 3 chambers while its upper The husk is comprised of two parts: the pericarp, which provides a cuticle layer and fibrous agronomic and environmental conditions (Kader, 2006 ; Gil et al. 1995a). to know the most appropriated harvest date to have fully ripe fruits with high quality among pomegranate cultivars. and also no correlation exists between skin and arils colo! figure. 4. Stand decorated with pomegranates (found at Ras-Shamra-Ugarib .Syria .late Polyphenol compounds have played a role in the successful evolutionary adaptation of interest with regard to human health (Kasimsetty et al., 2010). hydrolysis also renders punicalin (Figure 5), a gallagyl residue bounded to glucose (Clifford Other compounds and Padulosi, 2005). Table 2. The presence of spermidine alkaloids and other compound in capparis .sp Vis spectra allowed to characterize the main components of the various extracts (Figure 1) The rt values, the use of specific standards (alfa+beta punicalagins, ellagic acid) and the UV- The Figure 3a and 3b compares the chromatographic profiles at 370 nm of three extracts from because very similar. recovery with respect to the Fisher’s work in which the extraction time was only of 30 mir Regarding the exocarp, again a similar trend for the two cvs, was observed, although the total A study carried out using water as solvent at elevated pressures (Cam and Hisil,2010) showed Table 3. Ratios [B]/[a] punicalagins obtained by the yields values (mg/g of dried matter) for exocarp mesocarp and corresponding extractive yields on DM. §The tests were carried out in triplicate from mesocarp and exocarp. The data are a mean of triplicates. Figure 2. Amounts of the ellagitannins co-precipitated in the CPS from Laffan and Wonderful for exocarp; L1 for Laffan and W1 for Wonderful. A filtration step by the use of filter with 10.000 Dalton as cut off was applied to further purify the In this study the ability of B. breve B632 and L. plantarum L12 strains to use crude polysaccharides fruit, add value to this waste and open future perspective for its optimal use. L. planctarum PCS20 (a) and Bifidobacterium breve B632. The same hydroalcoholic extract was then submitted to HPLC-MS and MS/MS analyses. The Figure 1. HPLC/DAD profiles at 280 nm of the hydro alcoholic extract (see also Table 3, sample 2- EtH,O) of the whole root. EtH,O) of the whole root. related to the main alkaloids in free and monoglycosylated forms as better highlighted by the zoom of All these spectra are in agreement with the presence of cynnamoyl moieties within the and 16,3 min; d) 15,3 min 18,1 18,6 min and 19,1 min; e) 22,4 min, 22,8 min , 23,3 min, 23,9 min. Figure 5. Some UV-Vis spectra of the detected alkaloids and other unknown derivatives in the root of popular medicine (Sher and Alyemeni, 2010; Moghaddasi et al.,2012). compared with the decoction and hydro alcoholic extract of whole root. rable 3. Alkaloid content in the extracts derived by the fractionation process of Figure 6 root(internal) ; data as a mean of triplicates expressed on weight of dried extract (DE). *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs sham + vehicle treated animals; “P<0.05 and *4P<0.01 vs CFA + Capparisspinosa dose mg kg’ (pretest) treated animals. Each value represents the mean of 5 rats. Table 1. Effect of single administration of Capparis spinosa hydro alcoholic extract on CFA induced Table 2. Effect of single administration of Capparis spinosa CH,Cl, extract on CFA induced rheumatoid arthriti in the rat: Paw pressure test Table 3. Effect of single administration of Capparis spinosa aqueous extract on CFA induced rheumatoid arthritis in the rat: Paw pressure test Table 4. Effect of single administration of Capparisspinosa decoction on CFA induced rheumatoid arthritis in the rat: Paw pressure test Table 5. Effect of single administration of Capparisspinosa decoction on CFA induced rheumatoid arthritis in the rat: Incapacitance test Table 6. Effect of single administration of Capparisspinosahydroalcoholic extract on MIA induced knee osteoarthritis in the rat: Paw pressure test withdrawal threshold and was still effective after 45 minutes. At the dose of 100 and 301 Hydroalcoholic extract (300 mg kg '), 15 minutes after p.o. administration,increased the Table 7. Effect of single administration of Capparisspinosa aqueous extract on MIA induced knee osteoarthritis in the rat: Incapacitance test compared with the decoction and hydro alcoholic extract of whole root. fable 8: Alkaloid content in the extracts derived by a fractionation process carried out at alkaline pH
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