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The perception of community sensitivity on the techniques of forest fire prevention and suppression of both gender is quite similar (Table 2). The community does not have sufficient knowledge to engage them in the prevention and firefighting in peat swamps forest. Forest Firefighting in the peat swamp forest is a dangerous, and a high-risk work. Those who involved in firefighting must have a strong knowledge of the techniques of firefighting and capability in term of mental readiness, and physical ability. The cooperation and involvement of the community are essential in providing information and also in the enforcement activities.

Table 2 The perception of community sensitivity on the techniques of forest fire prevention and suppression of both gender is quite similar (Table 2). The community does not have sufficient knowledge to engage them in the prevention and firefighting in peat swamps forest. Forest Firefighting in the peat swamp forest is a dangerous, and a high-risk work. Those who involved in firefighting must have a strong knowledge of the techniques of firefighting and capability in term of mental readiness, and physical ability. The cooperation and involvement of the community are essential in providing information and also in the enforcement activities.

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The Klias Forest Reserve that located on the Klias Peninsula (latitude 5° 22' 60N with longitude 115° 45' OE) is under th« jurisdiction of the Sabah Forestry Department (Figure 1). It was gazetted as a Class | protection forest in 1984 with an area o 3,630 ha. The Klias peninsular peat swamp forest was the largest remaining piece in the Northern end of Borneo Island with pea layer as thick as 14m. The average annual rainfall was about 3,300 mm but varied between 2,300 to 4,700 mm with the temperature around 26°c to 30°c (Mojiol et al., 2010). Klias Forest Reserve is a logged over area and was affected by forest fire during El Nino in 1998. Protecting watershed and maintaining the stability of essential climatic environmental were the mait objective of the establishment of protection forest reserve (Sabah Forestry Department, 2006). Figure 1: Location map of Klias Forest Reserves, Klias Peninsula, Beaufort, Sabah, Malaysia.
The Klias Forest Reserve that located on the Klias Peninsula (latitude 5° 22' 60N with longitude 115° 45' OE) is under th« jurisdiction of the Sabah Forestry Department (Figure 1). It was gazetted as a Class | protection forest in 1984 with an area o 3,630 ha. The Klias peninsular peat swamp forest was the largest remaining piece in the Northern end of Borneo Island with pea layer as thick as 14m. The average annual rainfall was about 3,300 mm but varied between 2,300 to 4,700 mm with the temperature around 26°c to 30°c (Mojiol et al., 2010). Klias Forest Reserve is a logged over area and was affected by forest fire during El Nino in 1998. Protecting watershed and maintaining the stability of essential climatic environmental were the mait objective of the establishment of protection forest reserve (Sabah Forestry Department, 2006). Figure 1: Location map of Klias Forest Reserves, Klias Peninsula, Beaufort, Sabah, Malaysia.
The male respondents showing a higher level of awareness with the percentage of 66.5 compared to female respondents with 33.5 percent. The male is more interested in being with risk and tough activities (Rojas, 2009) and also with a physical strength than a woman (Ghani, 2013). There is only 6 percent of total respondents that disagreed and strongly disagreed on the awareness about peat swamp forest as a fire-prone area (Figure 3). Most of the respondents agree that peat swamp forest is easy to fires and it brings their awareness of forest fire. According to Velasquez (2011), when peat swamp forest fires often occurred, it will cause air pollution such as haze that will affect the daily human activities and make them more aware of this flammable area. However, 48% (118 respondents) from total respondents are less awareness on forest fire and it could contribute to the occurrence of a forest fire in the area in any circumstances. Table 1: Total sample of respondents from each village
The male respondents showing a higher level of awareness with the percentage of 66.5 compared to female respondents with 33.5 percent. The male is more interested in being with risk and tough activities (Rojas, 2009) and also with a physical strength than a woman (Ghani, 2013). There is only 6 percent of total respondents that disagreed and strongly disagreed on the awareness about peat swamp forest as a fire-prone area (Figure 3). Most of the respondents agree that peat swamp forest is easy to fires and it brings their awareness of forest fire. According to Velasquez (2011), when peat swamp forest fires often occurred, it will cause air pollution such as haze that will affect the daily human activities and make them more aware of this flammable area. However, 48% (118 respondents) from total respondents are less awareness on forest fire and it could contribute to the occurrence of a forest fire in the area in any circumstances. Table 1: Total sample of respondents from each village
A set of questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data on the community level of awareness and readiness on fire prevention in the Klias peat swamp forest. It is also gathered information from employees of the relevant government agencies. Apart from determining the causes of the forest fire, it also identifies the best systems of controlling and prevention of peat swamp forest fire at Klias Peninsula from the respondent's point of views. The questions are consists of two forms; open-ended which is using a direct interview and secondly close-ended that give an option to be chosen by the respondent (Babbie, 2008). Likert scale was used to determine and identify the level of awareness, knowledge and willingness on the issue, whereas, the open-ended question used to get the respondents opinion and suggestion that supported retrieval of information from the close-ended question (Bertram, 2003; Bourque and Fielder, 2003). Figure 2: 30 percent of the sample was randomly selected based on the total number of houses in
A set of questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data on the community level of awareness and readiness on fire prevention in the Klias peat swamp forest. It is also gathered information from employees of the relevant government agencies. Apart from determining the causes of the forest fire, it also identifies the best systems of controlling and prevention of peat swamp forest fire at Klias Peninsula from the respondent's point of views. The questions are consists of two forms; open-ended which is using a direct interview and secondly close-ended that give an option to be chosen by the respondent (Babbie, 2008). Likert scale was used to determine and identify the level of awareness, knowledge and willingness on the issue, whereas, the open-ended question used to get the respondents opinion and suggestion that supported retrieval of information from the close-ended question (Bertram, 2003; Bourque and Fielder, 2003). Figure 2: 30 percent of the sample was randomly selected based on the total number of houses in
A combine total of 56 percent of the respondents disagrees and totally disagrees that a peat swamp forest is a place for them to generate income (Figure 4). The low level of community dependency on the peat swamp forest determines the level of awareness on forest fire prevention at peat swamp forest. In other hand, combine total of 44% of respondents believes that peat swamp forest area is, however, could contribute as a source of medicinal plants to the surrounding community (Mojiol et al., 2010).
A combine total of 56 percent of the respondents disagrees and totally disagrees that a peat swamp forest is a place for them to generate income (Figure 4). The low level of community dependency on the peat swamp forest determines the level of awareness on forest fire prevention at peat swamp forest. In other hand, combine total of 44% of respondents believes that peat swamp forest area is, however, could contribute as a source of medicinal plants to the surrounding community (Mojiol et al., 2010).
Figure 4: Community perception on peat swamp forest as a place to generate income Through this surveys, it was found that the communities agreed on their responsibility to be involved in firefighting and prevention at peat swamp forest. Azhar (2013) indicate that the villagers had little knowledge on the techniques of prevention and forest firefighting as well as less exposure to community interest in forest fire prevention and extinguishing. In this study, it showed that the cooperation between the authority and the community in preventing and extinguishing forest fires could be of more efficient (Figure 5). The result also indicates that respondents gave a positive response to get involved in forest fire fighting and prevention. The government and the relevant authority should take the initiative to ensure the community to be exposed to the techniques and activities on forest fire prevention at peat swamp forest.
Figure 4: Community perception on peat swamp forest as a place to generate income Through this surveys, it was found that the communities agreed on their responsibility to be involved in firefighting and prevention at peat swamp forest. Azhar (2013) indicate that the villagers had little knowledge on the techniques of prevention and forest firefighting as well as less exposure to community interest in forest fire prevention and extinguishing. In this study, it showed that the cooperation between the authority and the community in preventing and extinguishing forest fires could be of more efficient (Figure 5). The result also indicates that respondents gave a positive response to get involved in forest fire fighting and prevention. The government and the relevant authority should take the initiative to ensure the community to be exposed to the techniques and activities on forest fire prevention at peat swamp forest.
“Significant value at 0.01 (2-tailed); “Significant value at 0.05 (2-tailed);ns = not significant
“Significant value at 0.01 (2-tailed); “Significant value at 0.05 (2-tailed);ns = not significant
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