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Complexity x Enrich Zone Partial Correlations Correcting for Enclosure Size Leopards Housed On- and Off-Exhibit in Four Zoos in Southern India revealed that activity levels were significantly higher in structurally enriched enclo- sures (Mann—Whitney U: Z=-—2.780, N= 15, p = .004; see Figure 4). There was no significant difference in the proportion of stereotypic behavior exhibited in the structurally enriched and barren enclosures (Mann-Whitney U: Z=—1.273, N=15,p = .232). There was no significant difference in behavior exhibited in structurally en- riched and barren off-exhibit enclosures (Mann—Whitney U: activity behavior, Z=

Figure 4 Complexity x Enrich Zone Partial Correlations Correcting for Enclosure Size Leopards Housed On- and Off-Exhibit in Four Zoos in Southern India revealed that activity levels were significantly higher in structurally enriched enclo- sures (Mann—Whitney U: Z=-—2.780, N= 15, p = .004; see Figure 4). There was no significant difference in the proportion of stereotypic behavior exhibited in the structurally enriched and barren enclosures (Mann-Whitney U: Z=—1.273, N=15,p = .232). There was no significant difference in behavior exhibited in structurally en- riched and barren off-exhibit enclosures (Mann—Whitney U: activity behavior, Z=

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Note. Animals were housed singly in all zoos during this part of the study and alternatively were left in the on-exhibit enclosures. November 1998 to Ma 1999. af oee Details of Captive Leopards Studied in Four Zoos Note. Animals were housed singly in all zoos during this part of the study and alternatively were left in the on-exhibit enclosures. November 1998 to March
Note. Animals were housed singly in all zoos during this part of the study and alternatively were left in the on-exhibit enclosures. November 1998 to Ma 1999. af oee Details of Captive Leopards Studied in Four Zoos Note. Animals were housed singly in all zoos during this part of the study and alternatively were left in the on-exhibit enclosures. November 1998 to March
TABLE 2 Ethogram for Leopards Housed in Four Indian Zoos
TABLE 2 Ethogram for Leopards Housed in Four Indian Zoos
Complexity Grades for Enclosures Housing Leopards Singly in Four Zoos in Southern India
Complexity Grades for Enclosures Housing Leopards Singly in Four Zoos in Southern India
FIGURE3 Average number of significant Zone x Behavior correlations exhibited by captive leopards (November 1998 to March 1999). FIGURE 2. Significant Zone x Behavior correlations for captive leopards in four zoos in southern India (November 1998 to March 1999). Enrich = enriched.
FIGURE3 Average number of significant Zone x Behavior correlations exhibited by captive leopards (November 1998 to March 1999). FIGURE 2. Significant Zone x Behavior correlations for captive leopards in four zoos in southern India (November 1998 to March 1999). Enrich = enriched.
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ZoologyMaternal careTime FactorsVeterinary Sciences
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