Figure 2 above shows that the constraints provided by gravity are surprisingly weak, leaving a wide open window for new interactions at large scales. This observation, made already in [47], not only triggered new interest in experimental tests of Newton’s law on small scales, as pointed out already, but also in phenomenological analyses of possible bounds on the string scale from collider processes [64, 66]. In the context of phenomenological models a wider range of possible interaction strengths is of interest than indicated in Fig. 2. Data constraining new interactions on shorter distance scales are shown in Fig. 3 [3], which is adapted from [55]. interactions on shorter distance scales are shown in Fig. 3 [3], which is adapted from [55]. Figure 3: Constraints on ISL-violating interactions, summarized from data in with Inm < A < lym.