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Figure 7. Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT’) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.4m for b=1D spacing andi) B=1D ii) B=2D

Figure 7 Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT’) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.4m for b=1D spacing andi) B=1D ii) B=2D

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Table 1. Experiential conditions for single row of pile breakwater
Table 1. Experiential conditions for single row of pile breakwater
Figure 2. Numerical model of single row of pile breakwater
Figure 2. Numerical model of single row of pile breakwater
Figure 3. Numerical model of two rows of pile breakwater The piles are placed in a two rows perpendicular to the incident wave is as illustrated in Figure 3. It is clearly seen from Figure 3 that the velocity of the transmitted wave is reduced due to the wave-structure interaction. The investigation is conducted for different cases by changing the wave height and spacing between the piles as described in Table 2.
Figure 3. Numerical model of two rows of pile breakwater The piles are placed in a two rows perpendicular to the incident wave is as illustrated in Figure 3. It is clearly seen from Figure 3 that the velocity of the transmitted wave is reduced due to the wave-structure interaction. The investigation is conducted for different cases by changing the wave height and spacing between the piles as described in Table 2.
Table 2. Experiential conditions for two rows of pile breakwater
Table 2. Experiential conditions for two rows of pile breakwater
Figure 4. Results of grid convergence study for mesh sizes of 0.05m, 0.025m, 0.0125m and 0.00625m It is evident from Figure 4 that for the mesh size of 0.05 m, the crests and troughs of the waves are damped out and the results are improved for mesh size of 0.025 m. The variation is negligible in the wave profile for 0.025 m and 0.0125 m as both converge to a single solution and give the same results.
Figure 4. Results of grid convergence study for mesh sizes of 0.05m, 0.025m, 0.0125m and 0.00625m It is evident from Figure 4 that for the mesh size of 0.05 m, the crests and troughs of the waves are damped out and the results are improved for mesh size of 0.025 m. The variation is negligible in the wave profile for 0.025 m and 0.0125 m as both converge to a single solution and give the same results.
Figure 5. Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT’) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) for a Water depth of 0.4m and 1) b=1D spacing ii) b=0.5D spacing. Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Manageme Washington DC, USA, September 27-29, 2018
Figure 5. Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT’) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) for a Water depth of 0.4m and 1) b=1D spacing ii) b=0.5D spacing. Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Manageme Washington DC, USA, September 27-29, 2018
Figure 6. Influence of wave steepness (H;/gT”) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) for a Water depth of 0.5m anc 1) b=1D spacing ii) b=0.5D spacing. Figure 6 (i) and Figure 6 (ii) illustrates the influence of wave steepness on wave transmission for a water depth of 0.5m. Figure 6 (i) represents the pile spacing of b=1D and the MAPE is 13.41% compared with the experimental data. Figure 6 (ii) represents the pile spacing of b=0.5D and the MAPE is 7.34% compared with the experimental data.
Figure 6. Influence of wave steepness (H;/gT”) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) for a Water depth of 0.5m anc 1) b=1D spacing ii) b=0.5D spacing. Figure 6 (i) and Figure 6 (ii) illustrates the influence of wave steepness on wave transmission for a water depth of 0.5m. Figure 6 (i) represents the pile spacing of b=1D and the MAPE is 13.41% compared with the experimental data. Figure 6 (ii) represents the pile spacing of b=0.5D and the MAPE is 7.34% compared with the experimental data.
Figure 8. Influence of wave steepness (H/gT) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.5m for b=1D spacing and 1) B=1D ii) B=2D The influence of wave steepness on transmission co-efficient is illustrated in Figure 8 (i) and Figure 8 (ii) at a water depth of 0.5m. Figure 8 (i) shows the variation of K, for B=1D spacing and the MAPE is 6.53% with the experimental results. Figure 8 (ii) shows the variation of K; for B=2D spacing and the MAPE is 4.07%.
Figure 8. Influence of wave steepness (H/gT) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.5m for b=1D spacing and 1) B=1D ii) B=2D The influence of wave steepness on transmission co-efficient is illustrated in Figure 8 (i) and Figure 8 (ii) at a water depth of 0.5m. Figure 8 (i) shows the variation of K, for B=1D spacing and the MAPE is 6.53% with the experimental results. Figure 8 (ii) shows the variation of K; for B=2D spacing and the MAPE is 4.07%.
Figure 9. Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT’) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.4m for b=0.75D spacing and i) B=1D ii) B=2D Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Manageme Washington DC, USA, September 27-29, 2018
Figure 9. Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT’) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.4m for b=0.75D spacing and i) B=1D ii) B=2D Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Manageme Washington DC, USA, September 27-29, 2018
Figure 10. Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT”) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.5m for b=0.75D spacing and i) B=1D ii) B=2D The variation of transmission co-efficient with wave steepness is illustrated in Figure 10 (i) and Figure 10 (ii) for a water depth of 0.5m. The MAPE for pile spacing of B=1D is 5.18% with the experimental results as shown in Figure 10 (i). Whereas for B=2D spacing, the MAPE is 7.81% as illustrated in Figure 10 (ii).
Figure 10. Influence of wave steepness (Hi/gT”) on wave transmission co-efficient (K,) at a water depth of 0.5m for b=0.75D spacing and i) B=1D ii) B=2D The variation of transmission co-efficient with wave steepness is illustrated in Figure 10 (i) and Figure 10 (ii) for a water depth of 0.5m. The MAPE for pile spacing of B=1D is 5.18% with the experimental results as shown in Figure 10 (i). Whereas for B=2D spacing, the MAPE is 7.81% as illustrated in Figure 10 (ii).
Figure 11. The streamline flow pattern for a single row of piles with b=1D spacing Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Manageme Washington DC, USA, September 27-29, 2018
Figure 11. The streamline flow pattern for a single row of piles with b=1D spacing Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Manageme Washington DC, USA, September 27-29, 2018
Figure 12. The streamline flow pattern for two rows of piles with b=1d and B=1D spacing. Figure 12 shows the streamline flow pattern for two rows of piles with the pile spacing of b=ld and B=1D. The interception of piles is not causing much turbulence with the incident waves due to the higher spacing between the piles in the rows.
Figure 12. The streamline flow pattern for two rows of piles with b=1d and B=1D spacing. Figure 12 shows the streamline flow pattern for two rows of piles with the pile spacing of b=ld and B=1D. The interception of piles is not causing much turbulence with the incident waves due to the higher spacing between the piles in the rows.
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