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MAIN METHODS FOR UPRATING Increasing the thermal rating of an existing line by using a replacement conductor having nearly the same diameter as the original conductor, but capable of operation at higher temperature (within existing sag clearance and loss-of-strength constraints), may avoid the need for extensive reinforcement of suspension structures. Ls a) En 0 0. oe ee SOT ince Re, A ey ee: a: es ee ) ee a: a: i i en : eh ee |

Table 1 MAIN METHODS FOR UPRATING Increasing the thermal rating of an existing line by using a replacement conductor having nearly the same diameter as the original conductor, but capable of operation at higher temperature (within existing sag clearance and loss-of-strength constraints), may avoid the need for extensive reinforcement of suspension structures. Ls a) En 0 0. oe ee SOT ince Re, A ey ee: a: es ee ) ee a: a: i i en : eh ee |

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“High Temperature Conductor” is defined as a conductor that is designed for applications where continuous operation is above 100°C or to operate in emergency conditions above 150°C. [2]. Note: Emergency operating temperature is not well defined but it is generally agreed that the emergency temperature should not apply for more than 400 hours for the total life of the conductor. This relates to 10 hours per year for a 40 years life span. These conductors fall into a category known as High Temperature, Low Sag (HTLS) conductors. The types of conductors that are commercially available are briefly described in TABLE II. [31/41/51]. The overhead electric lines from Romania, having the nominal voltage of 220 kV, are almost all equipped with ACSR 450/75 mm” conductors, one conductor per phase. With this type of conductor the line can transport about 240 MVA per circuit.
“High Temperature Conductor” is defined as a conductor that is designed for applications where continuous operation is above 100°C or to operate in emergency conditions above 150°C. [2]. Note: Emergency operating temperature is not well defined but it is generally agreed that the emergency temperature should not apply for more than 400 hours for the total life of the conductor. This relates to 10 hours per year for a 40 years life span. These conductors fall into a category known as High Temperature, Low Sag (HTLS) conductors. The types of conductors that are commercially available are briefly described in TABLE II. [31/41/51]. The overhead electric lines from Romania, having the nominal voltage of 220 kV, are almost all equipped with ACSR 450/75 mm” conductors, one conductor per phase. With this type of conductor the line can transport about 240 MVA per circuit.
From technical point of view all the chosen conductors, except the thermally resistant ACSR, can double th capacity and can be consider a feasible option. risk. Sign-off from higher management is likely to be required with respect to the increased risk profile associated with stringing within close proximity of live conductors.
From technical point of view all the chosen conductors, except the thermally resistant ACSR, can double th capacity and can be consider a feasible option. risk. Sign-off from higher management is likely to be required with respect to the increased risk profile associated with stringing within close proximity of live conductors.
Fig. 3 Actualized costs of power losses for 30 years (Euro/km) Fig. 2 Power Loss for one circuit, 24.35 km length (MW)
Fig. 3 Actualized costs of power losses for 30 years (Euro/km) Fig. 2 Power Loss for one circuit, 24.35 km length (MW)
Note: - All the columns (temperature, resistance R, gross power, power losses and net power were calculated at target ampacity specified in column . Pnwer factar acaiimed tn he nnityv
Note: - All the columns (temperature, resistance R, gross power, power losses and net power were calculated at target ampacity specified in column . Pnwer factar acaiimed tn he nnityv
Note: the price of the accessories specific to the conductor (suspension clamp, tension clamp, repairing sleeve, dampers, etc) is included in the cost of the materials.
Note: the price of the accessories specific to the conductor (suspension clamp, tension clamp, repairing sleeve, dampers, etc) is included in the cost of the materials.
Fig. 5 Actualized total costs (Euro/km) Fig. 4 Direct costs for procuring, installation and maintenance (Euro/km)
Fig. 5 Actualized total costs (Euro/km) Fig. 4 Direct costs for procuring, installation and maintenance (Euro/km)
Related topics:
Land Surface TemperatureRight of WayThermal ResistanceTransportation Networks
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