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1. GENERAL LOCATION OF ALMOINHAS IN HISPANIA AND LUSITANIA’S PROVINCE (elaboration by Authors)

Figure 1 1. GENERAL LOCATION OF ALMOINHAS IN HISPANIA AND LUSITANIA’S PROVINCE (elaboration by Authors)

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J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore 3. OVERVIEW OF ALL THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES CURRENTLY KNOWN AT THE SITE OF ALMOINHAS (from Lopes 2022) Regarding the stratigraphy of the 5" and 6" centuries at Almoinhas, it was possible to identify a total of 49 strata that we can date (with material evidence) between 400+ and 525+ AD, of which only 21 are from the habitational building of Area 1. Some other units, due to their stratigraphic relations, are possibly dated to these phases*.
J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore 3. OVERVIEW OF ALL THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES CURRENTLY KNOWN AT THE SITE OF ALMOINHAS (from Lopes 2022) Regarding the stratigraphy of the 5" and 6" centuries at Almoinhas, it was possible to identify a total of 49 strata that we can date (with material evidence) between 400+ and 525+ AD, of which only 21 are from the habitational building of Area 1. Some other units, due to their stratigraphic relations, are possibly dated to these phases*.
4. ALTERATIONS, IN YELLOW, OF THE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN THE PHASE OF 400+ AD (from Lopes 2022)
4. ALTERATIONS, IN YELLOW, OF THE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN THE PHASE OF 400+ AD (from Lopes 2022)
5. FIRST PHASE FROM 425+ AD WITH THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TANK WITHIN THE PERISTYLE (from Lopes 2022) J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore
5. FIRST PHASE FROM 425+ AD WITH THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TANK WITHIN THE PERISTYLE (from Lopes 2022) J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore
6. SECOND PHASE FROM 425+ AD WITH THE SQUATTING ACTIONS AND DEFINITIVE DEACTIVATION OF THE PERISTYLE (from Lopes 2022)
6. SECOND PHASE FROM 425+ AD WITH THE SQUATTING ACTIONS AND DEFINITIVE DEACTIVATION OF THE PERISTYLE (from Lopes 2022)
7. SUMMARIZED STRATIGRAPHIC MATRIX OF THE 5™ AND 6™ CENTURY UNITS OF AREA | FROM ALMOINHAS (elaboration by Authors)
7. SUMMARIZED STRATIGRAPHIC MATRIX OF THE 5™ AND 6™ CENTURY UNITS OF AREA | FROM ALMOINHAS (elaboration by Authors)
J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore The proposal of this chronology is also reinforced, as it will be demonstrated through the results of this paper, by the comparison of coarse ware from these contexts with earlier and later contexts known in the near Roman town of Olisipo (presently Lisboa). The data of Almoinhas are a mirror of the transition period between the remains of the Roman habits of the 4-5" centuries AD and the Late Antique lifestyle of the 6" century AD and onwards.
J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore The proposal of this chronology is also reinforced, as it will be demonstrated through the results of this paper, by the comparison of coarse ware from these contexts with earlier and later contexts known in the near Roman town of Olisipo (presently Lisboa). The data of Almoinhas are a mirror of the transition period between the remains of the Roman habits of the 4-5" centuries AD and the Late Antique lifestyle of the 6" century AD and onwards.
J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore '4Lopes 2022, pp. 362-363.
J.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore '4Lopes 2022, pp. 362-363.
|.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore 7 QUARESMA et al. forthcoming.
|.C. QUARESMA, M. LOPES, Coarse ware’s stratigraphic evolution in the Western Atlantic shore 7 QUARESMA et al. forthcoming.
14. ALMO{NHAS: COARSE WARE FROM S.U. [1018] (drawings by Authors)
14. ALMO{NHAS: COARSE WARE FROM S.U. [1018] (drawings by Authors)
16. STRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF OLLAE AND CASSEROLES ACROSS THE SOUTHERN LUSITANIA, BETWEEN 300 AND 575 AD (based on SANTOS2018; QUARESMA 2020b; QUARESMA, SILVA 2022)
16. STRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF OLLAE AND CASSEROLES ACROSS THE SOUTHERN LUSITANIA, BETWEEN 300 AND 575 AD (based on SANTOS2018; QUARESMA 2020b; QUARESMA, SILVA 2022)
17. MADRID REGION - STRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF MODELLING TECHNIQUES (PERCENTAGE) (from VIGIL- ESCALERA GUIRADO 2007; VIGIL-ESCALERA GUIRADO 2003) In the last two decades, the ceramological works of Alfonso Vigil-Escalera Guirado on the coarse ware of Madrid region, in central Iberia, have opened very interesting work tracks concerning the technological analysis of Late Antique coarse ware and its chronostra igraphic evolution’. According to the studies of this author, in this region, the Visigothic world (discussing now only the question up to the third quarter of the 6" century AD, since no later stratigraphic contexts in the present-day Portuguese area) shows an in technological evolution, between 450 and 575 AD. In this region it is evident tha here are eresting , after a hegemony of the fast wheel which lasted until the end of the 5" century, the 6" century would experience a gradual and constant acceleration of the slow wheel technique, with the ap pearance of hand-made ceramics, evident or fully confirmed, only in ca. 550 AD. Thus, as can be seen in figure 17, in the Madrid area, the stratigraphic evolution of the fast wheel / slow wheel relationship is as follows.
17. MADRID REGION - STRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF MODELLING TECHNIQUES (PERCENTAGE) (from VIGIL- ESCALERA GUIRADO 2007; VIGIL-ESCALERA GUIRADO 2003) In the last two decades, the ceramological works of Alfonso Vigil-Escalera Guirado on the coarse ware of Madrid region, in central Iberia, have opened very interesting work tracks concerning the technological analysis of Late Antique coarse ware and its chronostra igraphic evolution’. According to the studies of this author, in this region, the Visigothic world (discussing now only the question up to the third quarter of the 6" century AD, since no later stratigraphic contexts in the present-day Portuguese area) shows an in technological evolution, between 450 and 575 AD. In this region it is evident tha here are eresting , after a hegemony of the fast wheel which lasted until the end of the 5" century, the 6" century would experience a gradual and constant acceleration of the slow wheel technique, with the ap pearance of hand-made ceramics, evident or fully confirmed, only in ca. 550 AD. Thus, as can be seen in figure 17, in the Madrid area, the stratigraphic evolution of the fast wheel / slow wheel relationship is as follows.
18. LISBON - STRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF MODELLING TECHNIQUES (PERCENTAGE) (from QUARESMA 2020; QUARESMA, SILVA 2022) In recent years, one of the signatories of this article has developed a series of studies in Lisbon to verify the statistical evolution of modelling techniques, but also of firing techniques. The ultimate goal was to gradually create statistical patterns for coarse ware that would allow the dating of Late Antique contexts that do not have fine ceramics. The evolution of the relationship between fast wheel / slow wheel / hand-made ceramics revealed a similarity between Madrid and Lisbon throughout the 6" century, with the slow wheel progressing from AD 500- 550, becoming hegemonic in AD 525-550. It is very probable that, both in Madrid and Lisbon, a part of the slow wheel vessels could already be hand-made ceramics, over 500-550 AD. However, also in Lisbon, it seems evident that hand-made coarse ware was only consolidated from AD 550 onwards (fig. 18).
18. LISBON - STRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF MODELLING TECHNIQUES (PERCENTAGE) (from QUARESMA 2020; QUARESMA, SILVA 2022) In recent years, one of the signatories of this article has developed a series of studies in Lisbon to verify the statistical evolution of modelling techniques, but also of firing techniques. The ultimate goal was to gradually create statistical patterns for coarse ware that would allow the dating of Late Antique contexts that do not have fine ceramics. The evolution of the relationship between fast wheel / slow wheel / hand-made ceramics revealed a similarity between Madrid and Lisbon throughout the 6" century, with the slow wheel progressing from AD 500- 550, becoming hegemonic in AD 525-550. It is very probable that, both in Madrid and Lisbon, a part of the slow wheel vessels could already be hand-made ceramics, over 500-550 AD. However, also in Lisbon, it seems evident that hand-made coarse ware was only consolidated from AD 550 onwards (fig. 18).
20. ALMO[NHAS/475-500 AD: QUANTIFICATION OF MODELLING TECHNIQUES (elaboration by Authors) HARES TA ant Ene ee © ane &> ee Ae ‘The s: same almost exclusivity i is visible in the oxidizing firing (fig. 21). With this study of Almoinhas, both from the chrono-stratigraphic point of view, and from the point of view of the fine ware and the technology (modelling and firing) of the coarse ware, Lusitania has presently a Statistical framework referring to AD 475-500, clearly one generation, i.e. a quarter of a century, older than the AD 500-525 context of Lisbon/Sao Crispim, abovementioned.
20. ALMO[NHAS/475-500 AD: QUANTIFICATION OF MODELLING TECHNIQUES (elaboration by Authors) HARES TA ant Ene ee © ane &> ee Ae ‘The s: same almost exclusivity i is visible in the oxidizing firing (fig. 21). With this study of Almoinhas, both from the chrono-stratigraphic point of view, and from the point of view of the fine ware and the technology (modelling and firing) of the coarse ware, Lusitania has presently a Statistical framework referring to AD 475-500, clearly one generation, i.e. a quarter of a century, older than the AD 500-525 context of Lisbon/Sao Crispim, abovementioned.
21. ALMO{NHAS/475-500 AD: QUANTIFICATION OF FIRING TECHNIQUES (elaboration by Authors)
21. ALMO{NHAS/475-500 AD: QUANTIFICATION OF FIRING TECHNIQUES (elaboration by Authors)
Related topics:
Roman coarse ware
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