Energy Efficient WSN by Optimizing the Packet Failure in Network

International Journal of Future Computer and Communication

The use of wireless sensor networks continue to increase in many fields (scientific, logistic, military or health, etc).The size of the sensors constitutes, however, an important limitation, mainly in term of energetic autonomy and therefore lifetime because the battery must be very small. For this reason, the improvement of energy efficiency is a critical issue for WSN protocols. Clustering in wireless sensor networks is an effective way of structuring the network. Its purpose is to identify a subset of nodes in the network and to assign a cluster head to it. Hierarchical routing or clustering routing is considered to be the most favorable approach in terms of energy efficiency. It is based on the concept (child node-parent node) where the child nodes forward their messages to their parent, who then routes them in the entire network via other parent nodes to the base station (sink).Two major approaches are derived from this type of protocol: chain-based approach and cluster-based approach. Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is considered as the first hierarchical routing protocol based on the second approach. It is also one of the most popular hierarchical routing algorithms for sensor networks. Another variant of LEACH, called Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy centralized (LEACH-C), is also presented. This paper presents an improvement of LEACH and LEACH-C protocol based on two modifications one on balancing energy distribution of network by means of changing range of nodes being cluster head and other by load balancing the number of nodes equally by fixing the average value N, so the lifetime of the network is increased. Simulation results show that Improved LEACH-C can improve system lifetime over its comparatives. Index Terms-Wireless sensor network (WSN), leach, LEACH-C, clustering algorithm. I. INTRODUCTION Recent advances in micro-manufacturing and wireless communication technologies have spawned a new generation of networks called Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) [1]. They consist of a multitude of sensors distributed randomly in areas often hostile and / or inaccessible to humans. These sensors collect various information about the physical or environmental environment and transmit them to a remote base station via wireless communications. Sensor networks find applications in monitoring (forest fire, meteorological measurements, air quality control), connected objects etc. Sensors, also known as nodes in the remainder of the paper Manuscript

International journal of computer and technology, 2017

Wireless sensor network has revolutionized the way computing and software services are delivered to the clients on demand. Our research work proposed a new method for cluster head selection having less computational complexity. It was also found that the modified approach has improved performance to that of the other clustering approaches. The cluster head election mechanism will include various parameters like maximum residual energy of a node, minimum separation distance and minimum distance to the mobile node. Each CH will create a TDMA schedule for the member nodes to transmit the data. Nodes will have various level of power for signal amplification. The three levels of power are used for amplifying the signal. As the member node will send only its own data to the cluster head, the power level of the member node is set to low. The cluster head will send the data of the whole cluster to the mobile node, therefore the power level of the cluster head is set to medium. High power level is used for mobile node which will send the data of the complete sector to the base station. Using low energy level for intra cluster transmissions (within the cluster) with respect to cluster head to mobile node transmission leads in saving much amount of energy. Moreover, multi-power levels also reduce the packet drop ratio, collisions and/ or interference for other signals. It was found that the proposed algorithm gives a much improved network lifetime as compared to existing work. Based on our model, multiple experiments have been conducted using different values of initial energy.

AGRIVOLTAICS2021 CONFERENCE: Connecting Agrivoltaics Worldwide

Wireless sensor network are being utilized in several applications fields such as health care facility, agriculture, military applications, etc. However, the battery incorporated in the system is small in size and has a low power rating which lead to reduced network lifespan. Therefore it is a challenging task for the current wireless networks to utilize the sensor's energy for longer period. In order to overcome these limitations, a number of approaches were proposed in recent years, but the issue that was analyzed in the current approaches were that they were focused on selection of cluster head on basis of convention probability basis approaches. In order to upgrade the resource utilization an energy-efficient control technique that focuses on lowering complexity and increasing network longevity is proposed in this paper. The proposed technique employs a K-Mean clustering approach to form clusters based on network density. In addition to this, a Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is utilized, which considers various QoS parameters such as node residual energy, communication distances and delay and node density. The suggested scheme is tested using the MATLAB software, and performance factors are compared to traditional techniques. Finally, the proposed strategy shows promising results in terms of increasing network lifetime with approx 300 communication rounds, along with less energy consumption, and higher network stability.

2010

Clustering is considered as effective data gathering architecture in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Whereas limited energy (battery) of the sensor node is considered as the scarcest resource in WSN. In this paper, we explored clustering in terms of energy efficiency for mobile WSN and proposed Mobile Nodes based Clustering Protocol for Lifetime Optimization in Wireless Sensor Network (MNCP). In order to achieve energy efficiency we introduce few mobile nodes, which are randomly deployed across the network. These mobile nodes move in the network when any energy hole or hot spot is formed in the network. It results in improving the life time of the wireless sensor network. To achieve energy efficiency we propose algorithms for energy balanced cluster formation, cluster head selection, intra cluster and inter cluster communication in WSN. Furthermore, using OMNet-4.0 simulation we compared the performance of proposed protocol with LEACH and EEMC using parameters like energy per packet and throughput. Simulation results demonstrated that our proposed protocol is effective in prolonging the network lifetime as well as in improving other QoS parameter like throughput, than LEACH and EEMC.

2014 IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE 2014), 2014

The deployment of Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) must be done with some kind of advanced techniques so that it can mitigate the energy constraints. An existing, clustered-based routing protocol known as Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) was studied, the outcome is an improved algorithm based on LEACH. The performance of these algorithms was studied through simulations using OMNeT++. In the original LEACH, the Cluster Heads selections were based on a distributed algorithm. For the modified algorithm, the improvement was done in the Cluster Head selection process. The selection process takes into account the residual energy of each node and used its probability outcome for the determination of the threshold value for next round. The results concluded that the performance of the modified algorithm is better than the original LEACH, the outcome will result in maximizing network lifetime.

2018

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the compounding of sensor devices (i.e. sensing unit, processing unit, communication unit and energy unit) connected through wireless medium. The applications and diversity of WSNs have greatly increased due to its deployment in environments difficult or nearly impossible for human to operate. However, owing to its limited batter power of sensors, these networks have shorter operational life span. To address this issue, various techniques are in vogue to improve network lifetime, such as clustering technique, in which a network is divided into various clusters where a single node is selected as Cluster Head (CH), where each CH sends aggregated information to a Base Station (BS). These CHs consume more energy comparatively and die earlier due to higher processing and communication load. AS a result, the performance and operational objective of the network is significantly affected. The existing approaches, such as LEACH, uses a static criterion to sel...

2012

Mobility of sensor node in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the key advantages of wireless over fixed communication system. But to track the sensor node in the heterogeneous network is more challenging and difficulties. In heterogeneous system, generally power consumption is more then homogeneous system. Coordination in distributed sensor network the implementation of clustering is an important technique and clusters of bounded size which is the total number of nodes in a specific cluster, is an important parameter in clustering algorithms which are very much effective in reducing energy consumption by minimizing the neighborhood of a node. Communication cost is also an important parameter for computation in a large area. Clustering techniques is Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) compare to random sampling is less costly due to the saving of time in journeys, reduction in number of transmissions and receptions at each node, identification, contacts etc. Which are valuable for i...

The sensor nodes deployed in wireless sensor networks are extremely power constrained, so maximizing the lifetime of the entire network is mainly the area of research in recent years. Excess extent of energy is dissipated during data transmission to the base station (sink) from normal sensor nodes. Clustering is an effective approach for organizing a network into a connected hierarchy, load balancing, and prolonging the network lifetime. Different protocols and techniques have been investigated for clustering. This paper presents a brief idea regarding the use of MIMO schemes based on clustering. The efficient use of LEACH protocol and fuzzy logic technique has also been discussed..

Wireless Personal Communications, 2020

The network lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the most challenging issues for any network protocol. The nodes in the network are densely deployed and are provided with limited power supply. The routing strategy is treated as an effective solution to improve the lifetime of the network. The cluster based routing techniques are used in the WSN to enhance the network lifespan and to minimize the energy consumption of the network. In this paper, an energy efficient heterogeneous clustering protocol for the enhancement of the network lifetime is proposed. The proposed protocol uses the sensor energy for the clustering process in a well-organized manner to maximize the lifetime of network. The MATLAB simulator is used for implementing the clustering model of proposed protocol and for measuring the effectiveness of the proposed technique the comparison is performed with the various existing approaches such as Stability Election Protocol, Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering and Adaptive Threshold Energy Efficient cross layer based Routing.

The objective of this paper is to develop a mechanism to increase the lifetime of homogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) through minimizing long range communication, efficient data delivery and energy balancing. Energy efficiency is a very important issue for sensor nodes which affects the lifetime of sensor networks. To achieve energy balancing and maximizing network lifetime we divided the whole network into different clusters. In cluster based architecture, the role of aggregator node is very crucial because of extra processing and long range communication. Once the aggregator node becomes non functional, it affects the whole cluster. We introduced a candidate cluster head node on the basis of node density. We proposed a modified cluster based WSN architecture by introducing a server node (SN) that is rich in terms of resources. This server node (SN) takes the responsibility of transmitting data to the base station over longer distances from the cluster head. We proposed clu...