Smart Hospitals Using Internet of Things(IoT)

Health is one of the most important aspects of human life. Advancements in technology has paved ways for various techniques in health monitoring. Health Monitoring refers to continuous examination of the person's health related aspects for the purpose of treatment. Traditionally, healthcare professionals were required to be present near the patients for examination. Patients were required to stay at hospitals besides large biomedical instruments. Such systems are found to be inefficient. The proposed system focusses on the elimination of such problems using Internet of Things (IoT). Internet of Things is basically a proposed development of the internet in which everyday objects have network connectivity, allowing them to send and receive data. In this approach the patients play a major role in their diagnosis whereas the system acquires, records, displays, and transmits the data from the patient's body to the application and if required to health professionals/relatives. Hence quick provisional medication can be easily done by this system. This system is efficient with low power consumption capability, easy setup, high performance and time to time response.

IRJET, 2023

Problem: Mistakes in the ordering of IV fluids and electrolytes are particularly common in emergency departments, acute admission units, and general medical and surgical wards. When the solution's glucose concentration is higher/lower than usual or air pockets form inside the saline, patients experience severe agony. Proof: Infusions of either too much or too little fluid led to the demise of a considerable number of hospitalized patients, according to the 1999 report from the National Confidential Inquiry into Perioperative Mortality. Referencing the paper, fluid prescriptions need to have the same legal standing as prescriptions for medications. It's likely that up to 1 in 5 patients getting IV fluids and electrolytes can experience difficulty or morbidity as a result of inappropriate dose. Improper fluid therapy management is identified as one of the main cause of unnecessary patient harm. Patients may feel distress and experience hand swelling. Solution: We present a contemporaneous solution for this intravenous therapy (IV) related dilemma which many patients are facing. This project would prevent such pain by immediately alerting the nurses available to replace the saline without the patient going through any uneasiness. This would be achieved by the assist of the technology called IoT (Internet of Things) which will allow us to reach our objective.

IRJET, 2021

The hospital staff and health workers are under tremendous pressure and fatigued is in pandemic situations. The present invention aims to obviate the scenario where the nurse has to recursively check if the fluid level is low or not. This invention is an integrated alert system for the Saline or Electrolyte bottle levels which the patients are subjected to. It uses a non-contact capacitive switch sensor to detect if the fluid falls below a predetermined level. The sensor interacts with a Wi-Fi intergraded microprocessor module sends a push notification in phone application. The system also has a buzzer which will be placed beside the patient's bed to alert someone if present in close proximity. This reduces nonproductive works and prevents medical accidents which occur if the saline or electrolyte bottle is not replaced or refilled on time.

International Information and Engineering Technology Association, 2020

Monitoring of patients have become one of the major problems in our society, particularly in large communities where the patient-to-doctor ratio is very small. This has resulted in the growing usage of remote monitoring systems around the world using various technologies like 'Internet of Things'(IoTs). The significant problem is that it is impossible for physicians to monitor all patients at once particularly in hospitals and clinics where there are clearly not many available. The health of patients would be compromised if they are not managed on time and they risk developing further complications. This research aims to develop a patient monitoring system, that incorporates the use of 'Internet of Things' technology to enable the device provide information about the patient's vitals over the internet. To achieve this, a system was developed using ATMEA328P microcontroller along with ESP8266 Wi-Fi module that enabled internet connectivity and was also interfaced with the microcontroller serially for exchange of data. Hence, a health monitoring system that renders information about the vitals of a recuperating patient, through the use of IoTs was developed. Furthermore, this study would enable decrease of manual checking thus, increasing the efficiency and throughput of medical professionals. The proposed system recorded a success rate of 80 percent of the transmitted data over the internet when tested on 10 individuals with accurate conversion of raw data into readable format in all successful transmitted data. The device would be of use to various people at home, hospital and other places.

nternational journal of advanced research in computer and communication engineering, 2017

IoT is a platform which offers various applications in different fields. IoT provides an important contribution in the field of healthcare, its principles and properties are already being applied to improve access to healthcare, improve the quality of healthcare and most importantly reduce the cost of system. The technology is used for gathering, analyzing and transmitting data in the IoT continues to new innovative healthcare applications and systems. Wireless devices are involved in medical area with a wide range of capability. To monitor the patient's health details in periodic interval is necessary in existing technologies. To overcome this we have changed recent wireless sensor technologies. In general different sensors are used to gather patient's medical information without being injecting inside the body by this we are achieving monitoring and data gathering of patients. There is no need for doctor to visit patient periodically. IoT provides new applications as well as efficient systems which helps to make an integrated healthcare system. The system provides better capability, healthcare system and costs are also reduced. Treatment outcomes are also improved.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2021

Saline, one of the most popular intravenous (IV) therapy plays a major role in the management of patients who are critically ill. Surveillance of saline bottle level is very important because when the bottle is emptied and the needle is not removed from the vein then the blood flows outward into the bottle. In hospitals, the nurses or caretakers are responsible for monitoring the saline bottle level. Mostly, due to negligence and any unusual condition, the exact timing of removing the needle from the patient’s vein is ignored which causes a serious casualty and may lead to death as well. Furthermore, remote monitoring is a need to provide telehealth services. To prevent the accident due to the ignorance of caretakers and to provide remote surveillance in telehealth services, we have proposed the cost-effective smart saline level monitoring device which includes the combination of sensor and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. We have built this system by using load sensor and ultra-low power low cost ESP32 WiFi System on Chip (SoC) microcontroller. The load sensor converts the weight of the bottle to a specific voltage. The ESP32 microcontroller generates and publishes a specific message based on the voltage received from the sensor. To publish and present the messages to the devices (e.g. smartphone, tablet, laptop etc.) of subscribers like doctors, nurses or caretakers, we have used MQTT-S publish/subscribe protocol which runs over TCP. This proposed monitoring system fulfills the reliable delivery of messages to the subscribers which is very important for healthcare.

IRJET, 2020

2020

JETIRDR06039 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 244 A Review On The Internet Of Things For Healthcare Najamul Saqib, Mir Mohammad Yousuf , Kritika Rana, Dr.kavita 1,3 Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India 2,4 Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India. . Abstract--Smart ward is the residence of the patient using internet connected equipment to allow the surveillance and management scheme based on automatic sensors. The technology offers patient convenience, automates patient health surveillance and gives warning in case of emergency to hospital staff. This study is to focuses on the problem which we are facing in our hospital wards. The challenges in public and private hospital wards are primarily due to the absence of automation in managing abnormal conditions and tracking excessive numbers ...

— A healthcare monitoring system is designed which can be used in the hospitals to monitor people who need to an intensive care. This system can be implemented on many biological signals. ECG signal is selected for put in practice in this work. Since ECG signal is measured in mille volt, it needs to be amplified. Also it is a noisy signal, so it needs to be filtered. ECG acquisition part contains AD620 Instrumentation Amplifier due to its low current noise. The network of patients nodes are require to be available in the intensive care room for measurement. A base node collects these many signals to be monitored in the nursing room. For wireless transmit\receive, nRF24L01+ wireless module is used. ATmega328 MCU in the Arduino Uno board is used in all node. LabVIEW software is programmed to display ECG signals as a waveform chart. For transferring ECG signals to the remote doctor, a Web Pager tool in the LabVIEW program is employed. So the remote doctor could be check his patients condition through internet. The system was implemented for three nodes.

2021

Technology plays the vital role in healthcare not only for sensory devices but also in communication, recording and display device. It is very important to monitor various medical parameter and post operational days. Hence latest trend in Healthcare communication method using IOT is adapted. The IoT has a variety of application domains, including health care system. The IoT revolution is redesigning modern health care with promising technological, economic, and social prospects Among others, mainly radio frequency identification(RFID), wireless sensor network (WSN), and smart mobile technologies are leading this evolutionary trend. In the wake of this tendency, this paper proposes a survey on novel, IoT-aware, smart system for automatic monitoring and tracking of patients, personnel, and biomedical devices within hospitals and nursing institutes. Staying true to the IoT vision, a smart health care and management system (SHS), which relies on different, yet complementary, technologie...