Dry Storage Casks Monitoring by Means of Ultrasonic Tomography

Springer eBooks, 1996

Volume 9: Eighth International Conference on Creep and Fatigue at Elevated Temperatures, 2007

Plant in the power generation, petrochemical and metals processing industries is subject to increasingly onerous operational and regulatory requirements. Where plant that operates at high temperature is involved, the costs associated with shutdown for planned or unplanned inspection to meet these requirements can be particularly high. The ability to perform condition monitoring or flaw detection at on-line plant temperatures would enable plant to remain in operation for longer periods, reduce the risk of damage from thermal cycling associated with periodic shutdowns and allow shutdowns to be completed more quickly. The associated minimizing of the loss of revenue caused by frequent and lengthy shutdowns is a highly attractive proposition to the plant operators.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019

This paper discusses the design and development of a portable PC-based Automated Ultrasonic Testing (AUT) system, which is capable of classifying defect types on a welded metal components in real-time. Three types of welding defects such as a crack, slag inclusion and cluster porosity plus the normal condition (no defect) were used as the test states for the classification process. The system utilizes an ultrasonic pulse-receiver card model attached to computer notebook for signal display. A new specific software package (RUSS) was developed to control the operation of the scanner, displaying the data, extract the signal defect and classify type of defect. The proposed algorithm and complete system were implemented in a computer software developed using Microsoft Visual BASIC 6.0. The classification process NNTool in MATLAB component was manipulated by using the ActiveX. Some result shows the successful of the calibration module and realtime extraction for classification module type of defect

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

The development of High Temperature Gas-cooled type Reactor obliges the usage of nuclear class graphite as essential structure of reactor core. Nuclear class graphite requires an in-service inspection of NDT ultrasonic process to determine the declining rate of properties due to the used up amount of time. Yet, up to this moment, NDT ultrasonic is merely used limited to metal, and therefore the purpose of this research is to analyze the capability of ultrasonic flaw detector as an in-service inspection for nuclear class graphite. The method used in this measurement is the contact method by using the ultrasonic flaw detector with 2 MHz and 5 MHz probe. The material used for this purpose was IG-110 type nuclear class graphite. The results of these measurements show that the ultrasonic flaw detector may be wellfunctioned for the nuclear class graphite in the velocity of 2,450 m/s and the attenuation of 0.93 dB/mm. Besides that, the simulation result shows that the maximum propagation distance of the ultrasonic flaw detector may only reach up to the distance of 50 mm with the intensity of 31.5 dB for 2 MHz probe and 49.5 dB for 5 MHz probe.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2013

A demonstrator has been developed showing feasibility of semi-automatic characterisation of large planar flaws in steel using ultrasonic transducer arrays. The unit is based on a real-time ultrasonic imager deploying National Instruments hardware and software, is connected to an IMASONIC linear phased array containing 128 elements and incorporates a novel flaw characterisation algorithm, which is a model-based variant of Total Focusing Method, taking into account undulations in inspection surface. It has been shown to process RF data collected in immersion reasonably fast and be capable of detecting and characterising with reasonable accuracy large planar defects.

Abstracts of 17th World …, 2008

This article provides results from an assessment of low-frequency phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) for detection of inside surface-breaking defects in dissimilar metal welds (DMW), centrifugally cast stainless steel (CCSS) and reactor internal pump (RIP) piping segments as applied from outer surface of the components. The evaluated specimens are typical of configurations installed in pressurized water reactors (PWRs) or advanced boiling water reactors (ABWRs). The coarse-grained and anisotropic microstructure of CCSS material makes it difficult to inspect such components. Similar inspection problems exist for dissimilar metal welds. The large grains of these materials strongly affect the propagation of ultrasound by causing severe attenuation, change in velocity, and scattering of ultrasonic energy.

Jurnal Teknologi, 2014

The inspection system is crucial to ensure the system is always in a good condition. A technique that can be used for inspection system is process tomography. By promising non-destructive approach; various types of process tomography applied in civil, manufacturing and electrical applications. The purpose of this paper is to review the types of process tomography such as ultrasonic tomography, x-ray tomography, optical tomography, electrical resistance tomography, and electrical impedance tomography that had been applied to the inspection system. Variety techniques of inspection based on those sensors briefly discussed in this paper. The result showed that the process tomography expanded tremendously in the inspection system. Finally, a potential future research on the inspection system in the civil application proposed in this paper.

This paper investigate applications of ultrasonic phased array technique over magnetic particle inspection, gamma rays radiographic and conventional ultrasonic testing applied during manufacturing of Low Pressure Heater (LPH) at a company X located in India. The existing non destructive testing techniques that are being used for detection of defects are compared with the alternative techniques. Most of the non destructive testing techniques are surely cost effective but time consuming this makes the overall stay time, production time and overall cost indulged in process high. By applying ultrasonic phased array technique the maintenance scheduling and incurred cost of maintenance and also the overall operational cost can be reduced remarkably.

2011

For automated ultrasonic testing (AUT) detection and sizing accuracy, this program developed a methodology for quantification of AUT systems, advancing and quantifying AUT systems imagecapture capabilities, quantifying the performance of multiple AUT systems, establishing a guidance document, conducting field tests, and delivering a guidance document for future inclusion in reliability-based design and assessment (RBDA) standards. Improvements for AUT of pipeline girth welds were identified by investigating: imaging techniques for AUT data, modeling and simulation tools for AUT technique development and validation, and quantification methodologies for measuring the performance of AUT systems. Throughout the course of the project, many AUT scans were conducted using both zonal and non-zonal inspection techniques. The quantification methodology provides guidance for quantifying the performance of AUT systems with respect to probability of detection (POD) and accuracy of flaw sizing. F...

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 2019

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a rising technology bringing new opportunities for design and cost of manufacturing, compared to standard processes like casting and machining. Among the AM techniques, direct energy deposition (DED) processes are dedicated to manufacture functional metallic parts. Despite of their promising perspectives, the industrial implementation of DED processes is inhibited by the lack of structural health control. Consequently, non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques can be investigated to inspect DED-manufactured parts, in an online or offline manner. To date, most ultrasonic NDT applications to metallic AM concerned the selective laser melting process; existing studies tackling DED processes mainly compare various ultrasonic techniques and do not propose a comprehensive control method for such processes. Current researches in the GeM laboratory focus on a multi-sensor monitoring method dedicated to DED processes, with a structural health control loop included, in order to track defect formation during manufacturing. In this way, this paper aims to be a proof of concept and proposes a comprehensive control method that opens the way to in situ ultrasonic control for DED. In this paper, a control method using the phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) technique is particularly illustrated on wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) components, and its applicability to laser metal deposition (LMD) is also demonstrated. A specific attention is given to the calibration method, towards a quantitative prediction of the size of the detected flaws. PAUT predictions are cross-checked thanks to X-ray radiography, which demonstrates that the PAUT method enables to detect and dimension defects from 0.6 to 1 mm for WAAM aluminum alloy parts. Then, an applicable scenario of inspection of a WAAM industrial and large-scale part is presented. Finally, perspectives for in situ and real-time application of the chosen method are given. This paper shows that real-time monitoring of the WAAM process is possible, as the PAUT method can be integrated in the manufacturing environment, provides relevant in situ data, and runs with computing times compatible with real-time applications.