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Title
Abstract
Figures
Introduction
Geophysical Results and 'Labelling' Monuments
Summary and Conclusions
References
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History
Ancient History

The Legacy of Prince Khaemwaset at Saqqara

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2022, Heritage

https://doi.org/10.3390/HERITAGE5030115
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Abstract

Saqqara in particular, and the Memphite necropolis in general, constituted the arena for the prolific and significant monumental self-presentations of Prince Khaemwaset, fourth son of King Ramesses II (c. 1279–1213 BCE). The present paper explores the role of the prince in fashioning a persona that addressed past, present and future audiences. This discussion is used to contextualise results of the 2009 Saqqara Geophysical Survey Project, showing the greater-than-expected extent of the New Kingdom necropolis south of the Unas Causeway. It considers responses to the deep palimpsest of the sacred landscape of the Memphite necropolis by—and later commemorations within it of—this notable Ramesside individual

Figures (5)
Figure 1. Results of the Saqqara Geophysical Survey Project 2009 season, south of the pyramid and causeway of Unas, showing clusters of east-west oriented New Kingdom tombs stretching west of the tomb of Horemheb. The red contour map overlaying the geophysical plot comes from the 1978 Egyptian Ministry of Housing and Reconstruction.
Figure 1. Results of the Saqqara Geophysical Survey Project 2009 season, south of the pyramid and causeway of Unas, showing clusters of east-west oriented New Kingdom tombs stretching west of the tomb of Horemheb. The red contour map overlaying the geophysical plot comes from the 1978 Egyptian Ministry of Housing and Reconstruction.
Table 1. Secondary monumental inscriptions of Khaemwaset. In the case of the pyramid of Unas, I suggest that in addition to this general sense of eternal monumental participation, it was the proximity of the extensive New Kingdom cemetery, now demonstrated by geophysical evidence, that influenced locating the in- scription on the pyramid’s southern side—targeting an audience among Khaemwaset’s recently deceased and divinised ancestors, and those who came to visit them. Khaemwaset certainly made play with the age-old ‘appeal to the living’ formula elsewhere at Saqqara, with a special dedicatory inscription entreating temple staff permitted entry into the sacred precincts of the Serapeum to remember and act for him [2] (pp. 91-92). the presence of both Khaemwaset and his father on the monument of a previous king. Crucially, the texts allowed Khaemwaset to participate in these kingly monuments for eternity—following the concept of ‘spiritual participation’, exemplified by Middle Kingdom reuse of masonry blocks from Old Kingdom royal mortuary complexes, suggested by Hans Goedicke [53] (p. 6).
Table 1. Secondary monumental inscriptions of Khaemwaset. In the case of the pyramid of Unas, I suggest that in addition to this general sense of eternal monumental participation, it was the proximity of the extensive New Kingdom cemetery, now demonstrated by geophysical evidence, that influenced locating the in- scription on the pyramid’s southern side—targeting an audience among Khaemwaset’s recently deceased and divinised ancestors, and those who came to visit them. Khaemwaset certainly made play with the age-old ‘appeal to the living’ formula elsewhere at Saqqara, with a special dedicatory inscription entreating temple staff permitted entry into the sacred precincts of the Serapeum to remember and act for him [2] (pp. 91-92). the presence of both Khaemwaset and his father on the monument of a previous king. Crucially, the texts allowed Khaemwaset to participate in these kingly monuments for eternity—following the concept of ‘spiritual participation’, exemplified by Middle Kingdom reuse of masonry blocks from Old Kingdom royal mortuary complexes, suggested by Hans Goedicke [53] (p. 6).
Figure 2. Detail of ceiling section from the 26th Dynasty tomb of Bakenrenef at Saqqara, showing the archaising iconography of the Sem-Iunmutef. Metropolitan Museum of Art 11.150.50b1.
Figure 2. Detail of ceiling section from the 26th Dynasty tomb of Bakenrenef at Saqqara, showing the archaising iconography of the Sem-Iunmutef. Metropolitan Museum of Art 11.150.50b1.
Figure 3. Block showing Khaemwaset. Egyptian Museum, Cairo. Special Register no. 11735.
Figure 3. Block showing Khaemwaset. Egyptian Museum, Cairo. Special Register no. 11735.
Figure 4. Geophysical results of the area of the Serapeum, showing two ‘terraces’ of temples oriented towards it, to the north and south. Based on pottery, these date to the First Millennium BCE.
Figure 4. Geophysical results of the area of the Serapeum, showing two ‘terraces’ of temples oriented towards it, to the north and south. Based on pottery, these date to the First Millennium BCE.

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Related topics

  • Egyptology
  • Saqqara necropolis
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