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Outline

An Appeal from the New to the Old Historicists

2003, History and Theory

https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2303.00242

Abstract

I. INTRODUCTION I expect most readers of this journal are familiar with the term "the new historicism" and to know that the term was made prominent by Stephen Greenblatt some twenty years ago. 1 Furthermore, most readers will probably have picked up somehow, somewhere that Greenblatt is a historian of literature, that he is an influential and original Shakespeare scholar, and that his new historicism has something to do with the question of how to read Shakespeare and his contemporaries, such as Christopher Marlowe, Spencer, Tyndale, or Thomas More. But this will probably be the limit of most readers' common knowledge about Greenblatt and his new historicism. Several explanations can be offered for why Greenblatt's new historicism has not attracted the attention that it undoubtedly deserves. In the first place, Greenblatt has never had very pronounced theoretical pretensions himself, and though one may find some theoretical meditations throughout his writings, he has not taken the trouble to develop a sustained and elaborate account of the claims of his new historicism. Furthermore, in the Anglo-Saxon world "historicism" still is a nomen nefandum that one immediately relates to all the horrible things that Popper so famously associated with the term. 2 Many readers, therefore, will be skeptical about attempts to breathe new life into this specter of a dismal past. 3 Finally, the new historicism is an eclectic system, which is a handicap for two reasons. First, you can never be sure that the individual components of an eclectic system will not start a fight among themselves-needless to say, you've got a problem if a civil war is raging in your text. Second, the theorists included in Greenblatt's eclectic mix-people like Althusser, Macherey, Michel de Certeau, Lyotard, and so on-will raise suspicion among both historians and historical theorists. Not unjustifiably so, as we shall discover below. All the more reason to welcome Jürgen Pieters's book. For in this profound and erudite study we find an archeology of the new historicism as thorough as it

Key takeaways
sparkles

AI

  1. Pieters argues that Greenblatt's new historicism lacks theoretical depth and coherence.
  2. He identifies two main contributions of Pieters's book: analyzing Greenblatt's theoretical threads and assessing his engagement with historical authors.
  3. Greenblatt's work is less teleological than Todorov's, focusing instead on a dialogue with the past.
  4. The new historicism's eclecticism raises concerns about internal conflicts among its theoretical influences.
  5. Pieters concludes that both old and new historicism ultimately share similar methodological challenges.

References (2)

  1. Greenblatt introduces the psychological mechanism of "blockage" to account for why estrange- ment may result in either nice or in nasty behavior towards "the other" (78, 79).
  2. Though the notion is not without its worrying paradoxes. Foucault presents it as an alternative to Machiavelli's political thought for two reasons: "governmentality" is said to reject Machiavelli's conception of sovereignty, and to be identified with the raison d'état tradition (as exemplified by two obscure seventeenth-century French political theorists). But most historians of political theory would object 1) that Machiavelli never had a theory of sovereignty at all (the first such theory would be pro- posed only in 1573 by Jean Bodin), and 2) that it is odd (to say the least) to oppose Machiavelli and raison d'état thinking, since Machiavelli is unanimously considered to have been its progenitor.