Port Selection Criteria and Its Impact on Port Comp Etitiveness

Journal of Business and Economics, 2019

Ports in the transport economy have an important role to play in the competitiveness of ports. There is an increasing climate of competition, which causes ports to invest in development and to improve their transport corridors, governance principles and pricing policies in order to strengthen international competitiveness of ports and to ensure that their management practices are in line with the positive international experience. In order to increase the efficiency of transport, to promote the use of environmentally friendly technologies and to improve the international competitiveness of port transport corridors, it is important for ports to determine their own KPI indicators that would be used to assess port performance indicators. As ports are responsible for the quality assurance of port services, even if they do not provide such services, monitoring and assessing of the KPI must be part of the quality assurance process. The objective of this study is to define the port perform...

Proceedings of 15th International Strategic Management Conference, 2019

The seaport is a location settled on the coast of a sea and other waterways, guarded by the streams and waves, and in principle, equipped with all equipment necessary for the loading and discharging of ships as well as for repair and maintenance. Ports become to be a rivalry zone cause of being most critical economic structures for transnational business and trade activities. Container transportation has increased concurrently with the rise of world trade. Therefore, modern ports exceed this classic description. In order to adapt to the global competition environment, they should make necessary regulations and infrastructure work in container ports. However, having only the necessary infrastructure facilities does not make this port usable for shipping companies. In order to have cargo density in the ports, the port should be accessible, the hinterland area should be large, and the trade in the region where it is located should be active. Black Sea container terminals are the eastern sea border of Europe, necessary gates for entry and exit of import and export commercial commodity, the eastern maritime aspect of Europe. The aim of this study is to examine the current status of container ports in the Black Sea Basin, which are of great importance both regionally and globally. This study purposes to make a contribution in this respect by (i) to be able to understand the effectiveness of container port operations, (ii) Conceptualize efforts to integrate port/ship operations; (iii) a conceptual study on the parameters used in performance measurement of ports and logistics systems.

International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Economy

This paper explores the implications of vessel enlargement on seaport competitiveness and investigates the dyadic integration between seaports and dry ports to address drastic vessel size acceleration in the Malaysian seaport system. Therefore, this paper aims to reveal the seaport/dry port dyadic relationship to improve seaport competitiveness in light of the increase in vessel size in the arena of global trade. To achieve this aim, mixed methods were applied by conducting qualitative and quantitative approaches concurrently. The outcome of this paper indicates that vessel enlargement has caused several problems in seaports including reduction in operational efficiency, congestion, limited capacity and infrastructure support, outdated policies for existing seaport development, urgent needs for additional investment in spatial development, as well as requirements for new structure in manpower training. Furthermore, the integration of dry ports in the seaport system to deal with vessel size enlargement is expected to improve seaport accessibility through improved infrastructure and service quality as well as increased capacity and efficiency.

Maritime Policy & Management, 2013

This research study attempts to conceptualize models based on the relationship between characterization factors and port performance. By selecting a universe of the 230 largest European ports in terms of cargo throughput, 43 valid answers were obtained. Factor analysis and K-W (Kruskal-Wallis) tests were carried out taking as a reference the port performance theory. Findings reveal the existence of a relationship between port performance and its characterization factors, delving into the development of conceptualized models that contribute to deepen the knowledge of port competition structure and dynamics within Europe.

There are many studies on container port efficiency and that seek to understand what factors , such as technical and scale efficiency, private versus public terminal management or macroeconomic factors, play on the efficiency score of a given port. There are fewer studies that focus on the role played by the inter-port competitive environment. This role remains difficult to assess. In fact, on the one hand, a port subject to high inter-port competition may record higher efficiency scores due to the pressure from the competitive environment. On the other hand, a port subject to high competition may be forced to over-invest and could therefore records a lower efficiency score. This article investigates this issue and examines how the degree of competition measured at different levels (local, regional and global level) impacts the efficiency score of a given container port. To do so, we implement a truncated regression with a parametric bootstrapping model. The model applied to information gathered for 200 container ports in 2007 and 2010 leads to the following conclusions: port efficiency decreases with competition intensity when measured in a range of 400–800 km (regional level); and the effect from competition is not significant when competition is measured at a local (less than 300 km) or at a global (more than 800 km) level. Estimates also show a tendency for ports who invested from 2007 to 2010 to experience a general decrease in efficiency scores, an element which could be explained by the time lag between the investment and the subsequent potential increase in container throughput.

The port industry is experiencing an ongoing transformation due to changes in its internal and external environment. Nowadays the industry is characterized by fierce competition of mainly commercial and industrial entities, driven by the market conditions, seeking (among other goals) to increase related revenues and market shares. The measurement of port performance emerges as an issue of high priority, notwithstanding the need for such measurement devoting attention to all different components of performance – including both efficiency and effectiveness. In this vein, port users perceptions of their experience in a port, and ultimately their satisfaction are of increasing importance. Yet industry practices on performance - and to a large extent academic research - focus mostly on the operational performance, neglecting users perceptions of their experiences when using any given port. The paper aims at filling this gap, by developing a typology of criteria for measuring users perceptions on container port performance.

Pomorstvo

Since the development of containers and Intermodalism in the late 1960’s, containerization is constantly growing and penetrating almost all seaborne trade sectors, as by 2016 nearly1.7 billion tons were transported by container [8]. Moreover, Container ports play an important role as nodes in the supply chain and focal points for containerized cargo as they complement and add value to the shipping lines and shippers’ objectives. Moreover, competition among container ports is taking place at all levels regionally, nationally and internally. In the same context, shipping lines are competing vigorously and increasing their fleets in both size and number of vessels, resulting in excess market supply. Recently, shipping lines are consolidating rapidly by means of vertical and horizontal integration through mergers, acquisitions and forming alliances to cool down competition and backup each other as well as escape bankruptcy. This policy increased the market concentration and shipping lin...

2012

Globalization of the world's economy, containerization, intermodalism and specialization have reshaped transport systems and the industries that are considered crucial for the international distribution of goods such as the port industry. Simultaneously, economies of location, economies of scope, economies of scale, optimization of production factors, and clustering of industries have triggered port regionalization and inland integration of port services especially those provided by container terminals. In this integration dry ports have emerged as a vital intermodal platform for the effective and efficient distribution of containerized cargo. Dry ports have enabled port and hinterland expansion increasing the competitiveness of container terminals at seaports. In consequence, container terminals and dry ports are establishing formal and informal relationships to strengthen the competitiveness of their hinterlands and to improve their role in the physical distribution of goods.

Engineering Economics

Ports are a significant part of the global and regional cargo supply chain and transport network. Since the performance of ports has a significant impact on the economic growth of their countries, it is necessary to constantly analyse and plan port performance, to anticipate market trends and to improve the ability of a port to withstand the increasing overall competitive pressure. In port performance, not only physical ability to handle the flow of cargo, but also the potential competition for cargo is important. The methods presented in the scientific literature provide with an opportunity to evaluate only the technical efficiency of ports, completely excluding the aspect of financial performance of ports or the prospects for developing competitive advantages. Whereas, financial analyses are not suitable to study port performance. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop the evaluation model of seaports' performance that would enable assessing the financial situation of the organisation and determining its position in the market in relation to its competitors. The article analyses the factors of business competitiveness and the methods for their evaluation as well as the theoretical aspects of applying financial analysis. After different methodologies and evaluation models proposed by different authors are analysed, the economic evaluation model of port performance developed by the authors of the present article is presented. By applying this model, the evaluation of the performance of the Baltic seaports is carried out.