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Title
Abstract
FAQs
Production Methods and Purification
Electrical Transport in MWNTS: A Brief Review
Discussion of the Main Issues
Summary
References
All Topics
Physics
Condensed Matter Physics

Physical Properties of Multi-wall Nanotubes

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Topics in Applied Physics

https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-39947-X_13
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Abstract

After a short presentation on the preparation and structural properties of Multi-Wall carbon NanoTubes (MWNTs), their outstanding electronic, magnetic, mechanical and field emitting properties are reviewed. The manifestation of mesoscopic transport properties in MWNTs is illustrated through the Aharonov-Bohm effect, universal conductance fluctuations, the weak localization effect and its power-law temperature/field dependences. Measurements of the Young's modulus of individual nanotubes show the high strength of tubes having well-graphitized walls. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) measurements indicate the low-dimensional character of the electronic states even for relatively large diameter tubes. The conducting nature of the tubes, together with their large curvature tip structure, make them excellent electron and light emitters suitable for applications.

FAQs

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What unique features do multi-wall carbon nanotubes offer compared to single-wall nanotubes?add

The significant advantages of MWNTs include better mechanical stability and reduced requirements for high magnetic fields in quantum interference studies, enabling phenomena like the Aharonov-Bohm effect at lower fields (around 10 T for MWNTs compared to 600 T for SWNTs). Additionally, they allow for efficient load transfer in composites without compromising the structural integrity of the internal tubes.

How do multi-wall carbon nanotubes compare in electrical conductivity to single-wall carbon nanotubes?add

Research indicates that while MWNTs exhibit features of Luttinger liquid behavior, they conduct current predominantly through the outermost tube, achieving a positive Hall coefficient indicative of hole doping. This leads to a distinct conduction mechanism compared to SWNTs, which display a more complex phase diagram and potentially different electrical properties.

What production methods yield high-quality multi-wall carbon nanotubes?add

The arc discharge method generally produces MWNTs with superior structural quality due to high synthesis temperatures, yielding an average Young's modulus of approximately 810 GPa, compared to lower values from catalytic growth methods. Techniques such as controlled oxidation and surfactant-assisted purification improve yield and preserve structural integrity.

What role do defects play in the mechanical properties of multi-wall carbon nanotubes?add

Defects in MWNTs, particularly those formed during catalytic growth, negatively affect their elastic modulus, which decreases as disorder increases; highly defective MWNTs exhibit moduli significantly lower than their arc-grown counterparts. AFM studies correlate lower moduli with coffee-cup structured defects affecting load distribution.

How does the Aharonov-Bohm effect manifest in multi-wall carbon nanotubes?add

In MWNTs, Aharonov-Bohm oscillations have been observed, confirming that electric current primarily flows through the outer tube up to 70 K, allowing for large coherence lengths exceeding the radius of the tube. This phenomenon differs from single-wall nanotubes, where such quantum interferences require significantly higher magnetic fields.

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