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Survey on fall detection systems

Profile image of Yonas BirkuYonas Birku

2018

Abstract

According to a report published by World Health Organization, early fall detection is an active problem in the old age group people. The report revealed that the fall detection problem affect 28-35% people for the people around 65 years of age and 32-45% for those over 70 years. In the past few years, various research studies have been conducted on the fall detection problem. Objective of these research studies is to develop a system to provide a timely medical assistance to an old age person in case of fall. These studies have further suggested that early detection of fall could not only minimize the damage in terms of head, spinal or any similar major bone injuries but also provide timely assistance thereby saving efforts and money. This paper presents a survey of various fall detection systems and methods.. Most commonly used approaches in fall detection system are wearable, ambience and camera based device.

Figures (5)
Fig. 2. An example of the usage of ambient sensors in monitoring activity patterns [37]. Ambient-based fall detection systems are based on using proximity and floor sensor to collect the data of the activities of daily living. This data is used for the fall detection. The research work presented in [24] uses numerous sensors installed to collect human data when a person gets close to them. What's more, ambience based devices endeavor to combine sound and visual information and identify the occasion through vibration information [3]. Ambient based- approaches are the simplest techniques for detecting a fall event as it does not use any wearable device and just use motion, light and vibration sensors. Figure.1 depicts how ambient based solution is used for fall detection.
Fig. 2. An example of the usage of ambient sensors in monitoring activity patterns [37]. Ambient-based fall detection systems are based on using proximity and floor sensor to collect the data of the activities of daily living. This data is used for the fall detection. The research work presented in [24] uses numerous sensors installed to collect human data when a person gets close to them. What's more, ambience based devices endeavor to combine sound and visual information and identify the occasion through vibration information [3]. Ambient based- approaches are the simplest techniques for detecting a fall event as it does not use any wearable device and just use motion, light and vibration sensors. Figure.1 depicts how ambient based solution is used for fall detection.
Fig. 1. Fall Detection Taxonomy
Fig. 1. Fall Detection Taxonomy
Fig. 3. Camera based fall detection system example [38].
Fig. 3. Camera based fall detection system example [38].
Fig. 4. Three axis accelerometer (a) and gyroscope (b) in a smartphone device (source: Apple Inc.) An accelerometer is a device that used to measure the acceleration, changes in position and velocity. It is the most widely utilized techniques applied for determining physical activities in order to observe activity patterns.
Fig. 4. Three axis accelerometer (a) and gyroscope (b) in a smartphone device (source: Apple Inc.) An accelerometer is a device that used to measure the acceleration, changes in position and velocity. It is the most widely utilized techniques applied for determining physical activities in order to observe activity patterns.
El. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT FALL DETECTION SYSTEMS LE II. VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF FALL DETECTION TECHNIQUES AND COMPARISON
El. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT FALL DETECTION SYSTEMS LE II. VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF FALL DETECTION TECHNIQUES AND COMPARISON

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