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Title
Abstract
Key Takeaways
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Introduction
Conclusions
References
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Chemistry
Process Chemistry and Technology

Green Hydrogen Synthesis Methods

Profile image of Meltem YILDIZMeltem YILDIZ

2021

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67884-5_13
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9 pages

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Abstract

Hydrogen is considered as the cleanest fuel of the future due to its environmental friendliness. Since each of the hydrogen production methods is not always green, there has been a need to redesign processes to minimize waste, increase efficiency, and make it more environmentally friendly. This chapter discusses hydrogen generation techniques according to principles of green chemistry. These methods have been utilized for each twelve principles to decide whether they can correspond the deficiencies. Thermochemical, electrochemical, and biological methods for hydrogen production were investigated.

Key takeaways
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  1. Hydrogen production methods must align with the 12 principles of green chemistry for sustainability.
  2. Electrolysis and photo-electrochemical methods are recognized as the most environmentally friendly hydrogen production techniques.
  3. Thermochemical methods include various processes such as methane decomposition and coal gasification, each with distinct environmental impacts.
  4. Biological processes for hydrogen production, while cleaner, currently yield lower hydrogen quantities compared to thermochemical methods.
  5. The chapter evaluates and compares hydrogen generation techniques based on efficiency, waste, and environmental friendliness.
Figures (2)
This method includes the process that converts raw materials to high-temperature inflammable gases as Hz, CO, CO:, and hydrocarbons. It facilitates the introduction of water vapor as a gasifier. Reaction temperature, biomass ratio, and gasifi- cation working conditions have a crucial effect in the hydrogen content of the synthesis gas to be produced. Steam is the gas that is accepted as the most suitable gasifier (Cao et al. 2020). The biomass vapor gasification reaction mainly involves carbon gasification reactions such as carbon gasi- fication, water—gas shift, methane reforming, and hydrocar- bon reforming. The catalysts and adsorbents to be used in all these reactions are of great importance for the purity and amount of hydrogen to be obtained.
This method includes the process that converts raw materials to high-temperature inflammable gases as Hz, CO, CO:, and hydrocarbons. It facilitates the introduction of water vapor as a gasifier. Reaction temperature, biomass ratio, and gasifi- cation working conditions have a crucial effect in the hydrogen content of the synthesis gas to be produced. Steam is the gas that is accepted as the most suitable gasifier (Cao et al. 2020). The biomass vapor gasification reaction mainly involves carbon gasification reactions such as carbon gasi- fication, water—gas shift, methane reforming, and hydrocar- bon reforming. The catalysts and adsorbents to be used in all these reactions are of great importance for the purity and amount of hydrogen to be obtained.
Fig. 1 Biohydrogen production routes
Fig. 1 Biohydrogen production routes

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