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Outline

Title
Abstract
Background
Research Question and Overall Approach
Related Work
Methods
Experimental Design
Mesh Routing Protocol
Summary
Analysis of Results
No Mobility Scenario Results
Limited Mobility Scenario Analysis
Full Mobility Scenario Analysis
Limitations
Future Work
Methodology
Conclusion and Future Work
References

An analysis of voice over Internet Protocol in

Profile image of Tariq MeeranTariq Meeran

2011

Abstract

This thesis presents an analysis of the impact of node mobility on the quality of service for voice over Internet Protocol in wireless mesh networks. Voice traffic was simulated on such a mesh network to analyze the following performance metrics: delay, jitter, packet loss and throughput. Wireless mesh networks present interesting characteristics such as multi-hop routing, node mobility, and variable coverage that can impact on quality of service. A reasonable deployment scenario for a small organizational network, for either urban or rural deployment, is considered with three wireless mesh network scenarios, each with 26 mesh nodes. In the first scenario, all mesh nodes are stationary. In the second scenario, 10 nodes are mobile and 16 nodes are stationary. Finally, in the third scenario, all mesh nodes are mobile. The mesh nodes are simulated to move at a walking speed of 1.3m per second. The results show that node mobility can increase packet loss, delay, and jitter. However, the...

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Pursuing Credibility in Performance Evaluation of VoIP Over Wireless Mesh Networks
Christian Hoene, Edjair Mota

intechopen.com

"There has been an increasingly interest in real-time multimedia services over wireless networks in the last few years, for the most part due to the proliferation of powerful mobile. Due to the dynamics of WMNs, there are significant challenges in the design and optimization of such services. Impairments like packet loss, delay and jitter affects the end-to-end speech quality. Experimenters have been proposing solutions to the challenges found so far, and comparing them before implementation is a mandatory task. There exists a necessity of designing efficient tools for enhancing the computational effort of the performance modeling and analysis of VoIP over WMNs. Stochastic simulation is a flexible, yet powerful tool for scientifically getting insight into the characteristics of a system being investigated. However, to ensure reproducible results, stochastic simulation imposes its own set of rules. The credibility of a performance evaluation study is greatly affected by the problem formulation, model validation, experimental design, and proper analysis of simulation outcomes. Therefore, a fine-tuning of the parameters within a simulator is indispensable, so that it closely tracks the behavior of a real network."

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Voice over Internet Protocol in Wireless Mesh Networks with Opportunistic Network Coding
erik pertovt

2013

In wireless networks, network coding can be used to enhance the performance of the network. By combining multiple packets into one encoded packet the network throughput is increased and the delay is lowered. In this paper, we perform the evaluation of the Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) application in wireless mesh networks (WMNs) using network coding. For VoIP, various codecs can be used based on the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements to perform digitalization, encoding and packetization of the analog voice signal. We use various codecs and apply opportunistic network coding to observe how the network coding influences the average network delay and jitter. Moreover, we analyze the VoIP performance at the level of individual calls in order to compare the performance of calls with the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication (ITU-T) QoS recommendations. Network delay, End-to-End (ETE) packet delay, and packet delay variation, are investigated for each call. One ...

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Performance of VoIP in a 802.11 wireless mesh network
Samrat Ganguly

2006

Performance in multihop wireless networks is known to degrade with the number of hops for both TCP and UDP traffic. For VoIP, the wireless network presents additional challenges as the perceived quality is dependent on both loss and delay. We investigate several methods to improve voice quality and present experimental results from an 802.11b testbed optimized for voice delivery. Use of multiple interfaces, path diversity and aggregation are shown to provide a combined improvement of 13 times in number of calls supported in our 15 node 802.11 mesh system.

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Packet VoIP Aggregation: A Mechanism to improve the Performance of VoIP in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs)
Marcel O Odhiambo

IST Transactions of Electrical and Electronic Systems‐Theory and Applications, Vol. 1, No. 1 (2), ISSN 1913‐8289 pp.28‐36, 2012

As Voice over IP (VoIP) becomes a reality, service providers will be able to offer the service to remote, over and under populated areas that currently are not or are only partially reached by available Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). The combination of wireless mesh networks (WMNs) with VoIP is an attractive solution for enterprise infrastructures, presenting availability and reduced cost for both consumers and service providers. The large number of clients in WMNs leads to an increased number of concurrent flows. However, only a handful of these flows reach their destination while still within the quality of service (QoS) bound for VoIP. This performance degradation can be attributed to protocol overhead, packet collision and interferences. This paper introduces VoIP over WMNs and uses a link-based packet aggregation scheme to improve VoIP performance in IEEE 802.11 based WMNs operating under distributed coordinate function (DCF). Simulation results show that the proposed aggregation scheme increases the number of supported flows while also reducing end-to-end delay, jitter, and packet loss of VoIP in WMNs.

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Influence of Routing Protocol on VoIP Quality Performance in Wireless Mesh Backbone
Saulo Queiroz, Edjair Mota

… , 2008. NGMAST'08. …, 2008

In this paper we focus on the following question: how routing protocols, working under different channel conditions, can influence the human perceived quality of VoIP calls in a wireless mesh backbone? In order to respond this question, we propose a study case where we analyze two routing approaches in a 802.11 Wireless Mesh Backbone, namely, reactive AODV and proactive OLSR. We calculated the voice speech quality by making use of a reviewed version of ITU-T E-Model proposed in previous work. Results obtained from highly credible stochastic simulation environment, also described in this paper, showed that AODV performs better in very hostile mediums while OLSR presents better results when more friendly mediums take place.

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Quality of Service Issues in Wireless Mesh Networks
Trilok Chand Aseri

2008

In this paper the Quality of Service Issues in Wireless Mesh Networks has been described. Several access points may be put into wireless Ad Hoc networks for people connecting to WWW or other Internet services. This kind of wireless network is called wireless mesh networks (WMNs).. Quality of service is largely lacking. For improving the performance of QoS in face of unreliable wireless medium, a new cross layer routing metric called expected transmission efficiency (ETE), which aims to find high throughput and low delay paths. Access points are placed in an wireless mesh network for maximizing cell coverage. However, larger coverage of an AP leads to lower throughput and longer delay in the access link as well as in the relay link. To find the optimal tradeoffs among delay, capacity, and coverage, Routing protocol design is critical to the performance and reliability of wireless mesh networks. Consequently, the overall performance of the network are poor even the total traffic load is far below the system capacity. Packet losses and delay due to interference in a multiple-hop mesh network with limited capacity .The wireless routers in the mesh network implemented. For improving performance of QoS. We can use traffic balancing.

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An Algorithm to Optimize Concurrent VoIP Calls Across Wireless Mesh Networks
Prof Topside E . Mathonsi, DComp

Journal of Advances in Information Technology

This study focused on improving the performance of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) over Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) in an 802.11ac scenario simultaneously using packet compression and packet aggregation. The study employed design science research methodology and developed an algorithm that aims to increase the number of concurrent calls while reducing the impact of jitter, delay, and packet drop. The study is the first of its kind to come up with a combined packet compression and packet aggregation technique for Voice over Internet Protocol Wireless Mesh Networks (VoWMN) in an 802.11ac setting. During simulation tests carried out using ns-3, the algorithm outperformed existing schemes in terms of average delay, jitter, packet loss, and network throughput. The algorithm performed better by 1.4% over compressed packets and by 27.22% over plain VoIP packets in terms of packet loss, and obtained the highest network throughput of 0.16Mbps which was 56.25% more than compressed packets which had the next best throughput. These findings suggest that the proposed algorithm can significantly enhance the performance of VoIP over WMN in an 802.11ac scenario. However, this study did not cover aspects related to security implications when utilizing both aggregation and compression at the same time in VoIP over WMNs. Additionally, it only focused on the 802.11ac scenario. Further research could explore the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in other scenarios and protocols, and identify the optimal settings for the algorithm. Additional research could explore the use of other techniques, such as error correction and QoS mechanisms, to improve the performance of VoIP over WMN.

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The impact of mobility and node capacity on voice traffic
sanjeev Deshmukh

International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 2017

MANET is one of the wireless networks in which interest is growing due to its flexibility, scalability and non-infrastructure status which is characterized by dynamically distributed clusters of nodes that have the ability to communicate locally and with the Internet. Voice over MANET-IP has become an attractive and popular application. This paper investigates the voice traffic application over the Ad Hoc on Demand Vector reactive routing protocol for different mobility models. The simulation evaluation using OPNET demonstrates the advantage of the Global System for Mobile Communication voice codec over the Internet using the UDP/IP protocol. The voice signaling and the Session Initiation IP (SIP) application layer protocols were tested and compared using different parameters. Different scenarios of mobility and node capacities were considered to test Quality of Service indicators including end-to-end delay, jitter, throughput, load, mean opinion score of voice quality, traffic sent and received, control signals, physical locations of calling nodes and the number of hops. The results showed that using the voice signaling produced better performance in respect of delays when compared to the SIP session. Voice has performed better when compared to the three mobility models with slightly less throughput and longer delays when considering the very fast mobility model. The node capacity showed serious impact on all performance metrics when MANET capacity exceeds 50 nodes in general.

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Comparative analysis of routing protocols for VoIP in a Wireless Mesh Backbone: a user perspective
Edjair Mota

International Journal of …, 2008

In this work we select AODV, OLSR and HWMP routing protocols and focus on how they can affect the Quality of user Experience (QoE) with respect to VoIP on a wireless backbone. We calculated QoE by using a reviewed version of the E-model. Since that parameter is strongly correlated with some stochastic network variables it presents stochastic behaviour too. So, we discuss important issues needed to estimate QoE based parameters in a trusty way. Results showed that the average QoE kept acceptable only under AODV routing as the number of VoIP traffic was increased in the network.

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Assessment of the perceived VoIP quality in a multi-interface mesh network with different traffic loads
Roberto Cusani (UNIROMA1)

2006

Wireless mesh networks move wireless links from the last hop towards the core of the network. This generates many challenges, among which is to devise mechanisms to offer guarantees to certain flows. But the first step is to understand traffic behavior in such networks. This paper evaluates the performance of VoIP flows under different network scenarios and traffic load conditions. In particular, it assesses the effect of scenario and network conditions on the quality perceived by the end-user. The ITU-T G.107 E-model is used for that purpose. It also assesses the benefit of having multiple interfaces in wireless mesh routers and the effect of uniformly distributing traffic between them. The curves obtained would allow a network designer to choose the adequate network size for supporting acceptable VoIP call quality in the presence of various traffic loads.

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An analysis of voice over Internet Protocol in wireless mesh networks
Tariq Meeran

This thesis presents an analysis of the impact of node mobility on the quality of service for voice over Internet Protocol in wireless mesh networks. Voice traffic was simulated on such a mesh network to analyze the following performance metrics: delay, jitter, packet loss and throughput. Wireless mesh networks present interesting characteristics such as multi-hop routing, node mobility, and variable coverage that can impact on quality of service. A reasonable deployment scenario for a small organizational network, for either urban or rural deployment, is considered with three wireless mesh network scenarios, each with 26 mesh nodes. In the first scenario, all mesh nodes are stationary. In the second scenario, 10 nodes are mobile and 16 nodes are stationary. Finally, in the third scenario, all mesh nodes are mobile. The mesh nodes are simulated to move at a walking speed of 1.3m per second. The results show that node mobility can increase packet loss, delay, and jitter. However, the results also show that wireless mesh networks can provide acceptable quality of service, providing that there is little or no background traffic generated by other applications. In particular, the results demonstrate that jitter across all scenarios remains within humanacceptable tolerances. It is therefore recommended that voice over Internet Protocol implementations on wireless mesh networks with background traffic be supported by quality of service standards; otherwise they can lead to service delivery failures. On the other hand, voice-only mesh networks, even with mobile nodes, offer an attractive alternative voice over Internet Protocol platform.

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Dr Devendra Prasad

2013

The wireless meshed technology is one of the most advanced technology and can be viewed as the technology of the future. This article deals with aspects like performance metrics i.e. delay, R-Factor and Mean Opinion Score (MOS) that have a direct influence on the performance of the wireless mesh network. In this paper voice quality is analyzed in terms of R-Factor and MOS in Wireless Mesh Network by performing simulations using Qualnet. Another issue addressed in this paper is the effect of increasing mesh points on voice transmission in wireless mesh network. The results show that the voice quality matrices R-Factor and MOS degrades and the average delay increases, with increase in number of hops in the Wireless Mesh network. KeywordsWMNs, MOS, Service time, Mesh Point, Average delay.

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