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Title
Abstract
Design Problem Background
Research Goal and Hypothesis
Sample of Participants
Results
Discussion and Future Work
Conclusions
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Engineering

An Evaluation of a Language for Paper-based Form Sketching

Profile image of Kenneth CamilleriKenneth Camilleri

2006

Abstract

Designers still sketch on paper to externalize their early form concepts. The user-interface of current Computer-Aided Geometric Modelling (CAGM) systems lacks the fluidity of sketching. Yet, such systems are still useful in conceptual design since they assist designers in visualizing an evolving form idea. The research disclosed in this paper is aimed at combining the benefits of paper-based freehand sketches with those of three-dimensional (3D) models. More specifically, this paper reports the on-going development of a prescribed sketching language (PSL) required to create a seamless link between paper-based form sketching and CAGM systems. Evaluation results revealed that whilst PSL is easy-to-learn, yet it requires improvements. Such a sketching language contributes a step towards simulating early form design solutions by the combined use of paper-based sketches and 3D models.

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References (12)

  1. Borg, J., P. Farrugia, K. Camilleri, F. Giannini, D. Scicluna and X.T. Yan, "Why CAD tools benefit from a sketching language", in 14th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED03) Proceedings, Stockholm, Sweden, 2003, pp. 141-142.
  2. Stappers, P.J. and J.M. Hennessey, "Towards electronic napkins and beermats: Computer support for visual ideation skills." in Visual Representations and Interpretations VRI'98 Proceedings, Liverpool, UK, 1999, pp. 220-225.
  3. Lim, S., S.F. Qin, P. Prieto, D. Wright and J. Shackleton, "A study of sketching behaviour to support free-form surface modelling from on-line sketching", Design Studies, 2004. Vol.25, (4): pp. 393-413.
  4. Farrugia, P.J., J.C. Borg, K.P. Camilleri and C. Spiteri, "Experiments with a Cameraphone-Aided Design (CpAD) System", in 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED05) Proceedings, Melbourne, Australia, 2005, pp. 130-131.
  5. Muller, W., "Order and Meaning in Design". 2001: Lemma Publishers.
  6. Farrugia, P.J., J.C. Borg, K.P. Camilleri, C. Spiteri and A. Bartolo, "A Cameraphone- Based Approach for the Generation of 3D Models from Paper Sketches", in Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling 2004, Eurographics Symposium Proceedings, Grenoble, France, 2004, pp. 32-42.
  7. Lipson, H., "Computer-Aided 3D Sketching for Conceptual Design", 1998, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
  8. Lim, S., "An approach to Design Sketch Modelling", in Department of Design, Manufacture and Engineering Management, CAD Centre, 2002, University of Strathclyde: Glasgow, pp. 231.
  9. Tovey, M. and S. Porter, "Sketching, concept development and automotive design", Design Studies, 2003. Vol.24, (2): pp. 135 -153.
  10. Beardon, C., D. Lumsden and G. Holmes, "Natural Languages and Computational Linguistics -an introduction". 1991: ELLIS Horwood Publishers.
  11. SPSS, "Statistical Package for Social Sciences", 2005, http://www.spss.com/spss/.
  12. Roozenburg, N.F.M. and J. Eekels, "Product Design: Fundamentals and Methods", ed. N. Cross. 1995, Wilshire: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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