Academia.eduAcademia.edu

Outline

Phonetic symbolism : double-edgedness and aspect switching

2019

Abstract

This article proposes a structuralist-cognitive approach to phonetic symbolism that conceives of it as of a flexible process of feature abstraction, combination, and comparison. It is opposed to an approach that treats phonetic symbolism as “fixed relationships” between sound and meaning. We conceive of speech sounds as of bundles of acoustic, articulatory and phonological features that may generate a wide range of, sometimes conflicting, perceptual qualities. Different relevant qualities of a given speech sound are selected by the meaning across lexical items and poetic contexts. Importantly, speech sounds can suggest only elementary percepts, not complex meanings or emotions. Associations of speech sounds with specific meanings are achieved by extraction of abstract features from the speech sounds. These features, in turn, can be combined and contrasted with abstract features extracted from other sensory and mental objects (e.g. images, emotions). The potential of speech sounds to...

References (48)

  1. Abrams, M. H., & Harpham, G. (2009). A Glossary of Literary Terms (9th ed.). Cengage learning.
  2. Aryani, A., Conrad, M., Schmidtke, D., & Jacobs, A. (2018). Why "piss" is ruder than "pee"? The role of sound in affective meaning making. Plos One, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198430
  3. Auracher, J., Albers, S., Zhai, Y., Gareeva, G., & Stavniychuk, T. (2011). P is for happiness, N Is for sadness: Universals in sound iconicity to detect emotions in poetry. Discourse Processes, 48(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/01638531003674894
  4. Blasi, D. E., Wichmann, S., Hammarström, H., Stadler, P. F., & Christiansen, M. H. (2016). Sound-meaning association biases evidenced across thousands of languages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(39), 10818-10823. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1605782113
  5. Bremner, A. J., Caparos, S., Davidoff, J., de Fockert, J., Linnell, K. J., & Spence, C. (2013). "Bouba" and "Kiki" in Namibia? A remote culture make similar shape-sound matches, but different shape-taste matches to Westerners. Cognition, 126(2), 165-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.09.007
  6. Dingemanse, M., Blasi, D. E., Lupyan, G., Christiansen, M. H., & Monaghan, P. (2015). Arbitrariness, Iconicity, and Systematicity in Language. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19(10), 603-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.07.013
  7. Fidler, M. U. (2014). Onomatopoeia in Czech a Conceptualization of Sound and Its Connections to Grammar and Discourse. Bloomington: Slavica Publishers.
  8. Fischer, A. (1999). What, if anything, is phonological iconicity? In M. Nänny & O. Fischer (Eds.), Form Miming Meaning: Iconicity in Language and Literature (pp. 123-134).
  9. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  10. Fischer, O. (2011). Cognitive iconic grounding of reduplication in language. In P. Michelucci, O. Fischer, & C. Ljungberg (Eds.), Semblance and signification (pp. 55-82). John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.005
  11. Fónagy, I. (1961). Communication in poetry. Word -Journal of the International Linguistic Association, 17(2), 194-218.
  12. Fry, D. B. (1970). Speech Reception and Perception. In J. Lyons (Ed.), New horizons in linguistics (pp. 29-52). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
  13. Gafni, C., & Tsur, R. (forthcoming). Some Experimental Evidence for Sound-Emotion Interaction. Scientific Study of Literature, (forthcoming).
  14. Galton, F. (1880). Visualised numerals. Nature, 21(533), 252-256.
  15. Gasser, M. (2004). The Origins of Arbitrariness in Language. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society 26 (pp. 434-439).
  16. Hrushovski, B. (1980). The Meaning of Sound Patterns in Poetry: An Interaction Theory. Poetics Today, 2(1a), 39-56. https://doi.org/10.2307/1772351
  17. Hung, S. M., Styles, S. J., & Hsieh, P. J. (2017). Can a Word Sound Like a Shape Before You Have Seen It? Sound-Shape Mapping Prior to Conscious Awareness. Psychological Science, 28(3), 263-275. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616677313
  18. Imai, M., & Kita, S. (2014). The sound symbolism bootstrapping hypothesis for language acquisition and language evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 369. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0298
  19. Jakobson, R. (1968). Child Language, Aphasia, and Phonological Universals. The Hague: Mouton.
  20. Jakobson, R., & Waugh, L. R. (2002). The sound shape of language. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  21. Knoeferle, K., Li, J., Maggioni, E., & Spence, C. (2017). What drives sound symbolism? Different acoustic cues underlie sound-size and sound-shape mappings. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05965-y
  22. Köhler, W. (1929). Gestalt psychology. New York: Liveright Publishing Corporation.
  23. Köhler, W. (1947). Gestalt psychology (2nd ed.). New York: Liveright Publishing Corporation.
  24. Kreuzer, J. R. (1955). Elements of poetry. New York: Macmillan.
  25. Liberman, A. M., & Mattingly, I. G. (1985). The motor theory of speech perception revised. Cognition, 21, 1-36.
  26. Lockwood, G., & Dingemanse, M. (2015). Iconicity in the lab: A review of behavioral, developmental, and neuroimaging research into sound-symbolism. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01624
  27. Lowrey, T. M., & Shrum, L. J. (2007). Phonetic Symbolism and Brand Name Preference. Journal of Consumer Research, 34(3), 406-414. https://doi.org/10.1086/518530
  28. Marks, L. E. (1975). On Colored-Hearing Synesthesia: Cross-Modal Translations of Sensory Dimensions. Psychological Bulletin, 82(3), 303-331.
  29. Miall, D. S. (2001). Sounds of contrast: An empirical approach to phonemic iconicity. Poetics, 29(1), 55-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-422X(00)00025-5
  30. Monaghan, P., Christiansen, M. H., & Chater, N. (2007). The phonological-distributional coherence hypothesis: Cross-linguistic evidence in language acquisition. Cognitive Psychology, 55(4), 259-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2006.12.001
  31. Newman, S. S. (1933). Further Experiments in Phonetic Symbolism. The American Journal of Psychology, 45(1), 53-75. https://doi.org/10.2307/1414186
  32. Ohmann, R. (1970). Modes of order. In D. C. Freeman (Ed.), Linguistics and Literary Style (pp. 209-242). Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
  33. Ohtake, Y., & Haryu, E. (2013). Investigation of the process underpinning vowel-size correspondence. Japanese Psychological Research, 55(4), 390-399. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12029
  34. Ozturk, O., Krehm, M., & Vouloumanos, A. (2013). Sound symbolism in infancy: evidence for sound-shape cross-modal correspondences in 4-month-olds. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 114(2), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2012.05.004
  35. Pols, L. C. (1986). Variation and interaction in speech. In J. S. Perkell & D. H. Klatt (Eds.), Invariance and variability in speech processes (pp. 140-154). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
  36. Rakerd, B. (1984). Vowels in consonantal context are perceived more linguistically than are isolated vowels: Evidence from an individual differences scaling study. Perception & Psychophysics, 35(2), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03203892
  37. Ramachandran, S., & Hubbard, E. M. (2001). Synaesthesia-A Window Into Perception, Thought and Language. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 8(12), 3-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0068.00363
  38. Repp, B. H. (1981). Two strategies in fricative discrimination. Perception & Psychophysics, 30(3), 217-227. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03214276
  39. Repp, B. H. (1983). Trading relations among acoustic cues in speech perception are largely a result of phonetic categorization. Speech Communication, 2(4), 341-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6393(83)90050-X
  40. Rouw, R., & Scholte, H. S. (2007). Increased structural connectivity in grapheme-color synesthesia. Nature Neuroscience, 10(6), 792-797. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1906
  41. Shinohara, K., & Kawahara, S. (2016). A Cross-linguistic Study of Sound Symbolism: The Images of Size. Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 36(1), 396. https://doi.org/10.3765/bls.v36i1.3926
  42. Tsur, R. (1992). What Makes Sound Patterns Expressive: The Poetic Mode of Speech- Perception. Durham, UK: Duke University Press.
  43. Tsur, R. (2006). Size-sound symbolism revisited. Journal of Pragmatics, 38, 905-924. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2005.12.002
  44. Tsur, R., & Gafni, C. (forthcoming). Methodological Issues in the Study of Phonetic Symbolism. Scientific Study of Literature, (forthcoming).
  45. Ultan, R. (1978). Size-sound symbolism. In J. H. Greenberg, C. A. Ferguson, & E. A. Moravcsik (Eds.), Universals of Human Language, Vol. 2: Phonology (pp. 525-568). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  46. Ward, J., & Simner, J. (2005). Is synaesthesia an X-linked dominant trait with lethality in males? Perception, 34(5), 611-623. https://doi.org/10.1068/p5250
  47. Westbury, C. (2005). Implicit sound symbolism in lexical access: Evidence from an interference task. Brain and Language, 93(1), 10-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2004.07.006
  48. Wittgenstein, L. (1976). Philosophical Investigations. (G. E. M. Anscombe, Trans.). Oxford: Blackwell.