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COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS OF INDIA -Special Publication

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This publication provides a comprehensive overview of the coastal ecosystems of India, emphasizing the distribution and taxonomy of coral reefs along the country's east and west coasts. The text outlines historical studies on coral reefs, significant taxonomic contributions, and highlights the ongoing threats such as rising sea surface temperatures and coral bleaching events that impact these ecosystems. Urgent conservation strategies are implied for maintaining the health of these vital ecosystems.

Figures (29)
Fig. 3. Map showing the coral reef areas of Middle Andaman and Ritchie’s Archipelago Compared to the other regions, middle Andaman doesn’t have a noteworthy coral diversity, because of lush mangrove, loose bottom and high sedimentation which restrict the coral growth only up to 10m depth except in few islands like Sound, Interview and Reef islands, which are Sea ward islands.
Fig. 3. Map showing the coral reef areas of Middle Andaman and Ritchie’s Archipelago Compared to the other regions, middle Andaman doesn’t have a noteworthy coral diversity, because of lush mangrove, loose bottom and high sedimentation which restrict the coral growth only up to 10m depth except in few islands like Sound, Interview and Reef islands, which are Sea ward islands.
fable 2. Biodiversity in coral reef ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar islands
fable 2. Biodiversity in coral reef ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar islands
Table 3. Diversity of coral families recorded in Andaman and Nicobar islands
Table 3. Diversity of coral families recorded in Andaman and Nicobar islands
Fig. 10. Different types of coral reefs in Andaman and Nicobar islands
Fig. 10. Different types of coral reefs in Andaman and Nicobar islands
Siltation and the consequent smothering of coral reefs is a major issue in Andaman and Nicobar islands, because the islands receive approximately 300 cm rainfall annually. This heavy precipitation leads to freshwater influx, then the runoff which gives stress to many fauna and flora in semi-enclosed bays and lagoons due to lowering of salinity and deposition of large amounts of sediments and nutrients. Some of the reefs near Port Blair area itself are under threat due to siltation which causes mortality of corals. In Andaman and Nicobar islands human inhabitation is at coastal areas only. Hence the sewage is directly discharged on the reefs. Sewage discharge and runoff may also introduce pathogens into coral reef ecosystems. For example, Aspergillus sydowii has been associated with a disease in sea fans, and Serratia marcescens, has been linked to white pox, another coral disease (Ravindran ef al., 1998).
Siltation and the consequent smothering of coral reefs is a major issue in Andaman and Nicobar islands, because the islands receive approximately 300 cm rainfall annually. This heavy precipitation leads to freshwater influx, then the runoff which gives stress to many fauna and flora in semi-enclosed bays and lagoons due to lowering of salinity and deposition of large amounts of sediments and nutrients. Some of the reefs near Port Blair area itself are under threat due to siltation which causes mortality of corals. In Andaman and Nicobar islands human inhabitation is at coastal areas only. Hence the sewage is directly discharged on the reefs. Sewage discharge and runoff may also introduce pathogens into coral reef ecosystems. For example, Aspergillus sydowii has been associated with a disease in sea fans, and Serratia marcescens, has been linked to white pox, another coral disease (Ravindran ef al., 1998).

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