Art and Technology
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Abstract
This paper is a chapter from the larger thesis 'Anthropononcentric Art'. It explores how technology has had a fundamental effect on the history and sociology of art, taking the term technology as it is used in common parlance in contemporary society denoting a monumental wave of both objects and concepts, manifested and futuristic - and how this wave has been a huge force in how art has developed, impacting even on the notion of what art is. Not only via the intellectual and creative friction it created within science and art, which could be said to be the two major cultural discourses, but also via that fact that it’s presence exacerbated the infighting in the artworld itself between modernist and postmodernist discourse.
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Modernism and Technology Nicholas Daly, University College Dublin Modernism first emerges during the transformations of time and space wrought by the age of steam, and it comes to dominance against the background of the 'second industrial revolution'. This revolution, which was really more of an intensification of earlier processes, was driven by, inter alia, the exploitation of electricity and the internal combustion engine, use of early plastics (celluloid, and later bakelite), the oneiric power of the cinematograph, the sound-reproduction technology of the phonograph, and the communications technologies of the telephone and later the radio. In theoretical terms one could argue that there is no space, no "and" between modernism and these technological shifts: they are bound together in a common culture. But for practical purposes we can describe a set of relations between the two: Modernism incorporates technological change as historical content; it appropriates new representational means for its own artistic practices; and at times it self--consciously draws on the machine world for aesthetic models. The flurry of innovation in mechanical reproduction brought the materiality of older media into sharp focus. 1 For some, of course, the era of mechanical reproduction appeared to undermine lingering conceptions of the artist as Romantic creator, or as bohemian rebel. Further, Modernism enters its mature phase during the industrialized slaughter of the First World War, and it is imbued with an awareness of the lethal potential of modern technology, and of the fragility of the human body. Keeping such factors in mind, in this chapter I will consider, among other things, the new cultural forms that were directly made possible by technology; the way in which human/machine relations are imagined in these years; and the development of "machine" aesthetics.

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