WS-NEXT, a Web Services Network Extractor Toolkit

Web Intelligence and …, 2011

In recent years many methods have been proposed, which require semantic annotations of Web services as an input. Such methods include discovery, match-making, composition and execution of Web services in dynamic settings, just to mention few. At the same time automated Web service annotation approaches have been proposed for supporting application of former methods in settings where it is not feasible to provide the annotations manually. However, lack of effective automated evaluation frameworks has seriously limited proper evaluation of the constructed annotations in practical settings where the overall annotation quality of millions of Web services needs to be evaluated. This paper describes an evaluation framework for measuring the quality of semantic annotations of large number of Web services descriptions provided in form of WSDL and XSD documents. The evaluation framework is based on analyzing network properties, namely scale-free and smallworld properties, of Web service networks, which in turn have been constructed from semantic annotations of Web services. The evaluation approach is demonstrated through evaluation of a semi-automated annotation approach, which was applied to a set of publicly available WSDL documents describing altogether ca 200 000 Web service operations.

Zavoral et al.(Eds), NDT, 2010

The number of publicly available Web services (WS) is continuously growing, and in parallel, we are witnessing a rapid development in semanticrelated web technologies. The intersection of the semantic web and WS allows the development of semantic WS. In this work, we adopt a complex network perspective to perform a comparative analysis of the syntactic and semantic approaches used to describe WS. From a collection of publicly available WS descriptions, we extract syntactic and semantic WS interaction networks. We take advantage of tools from the complex network field to analyze them and determine their properties. We show that WS interaction networks exhibit some of the typical characteristics observed in real-world networks, such as short average distance between nodes and community structure. By comparing syntactic and semantic networks through their properties, we show the introduction of semantics in WS descriptions should improve the composition process.

1999

Abstract:- Nowadays, Web service technology plays an increasing role in internet applications, in general, and e-commerce applications, in particular. In fact, service-oriented systems can be expected to grow larger in complexity. Such large systems demand for tools that allow for analyzing and monitoring of service-oriented systems in use. Our work attempts to draw the necessary architecture in order to analyze interactions between Web service consumer and provider. WSIM modelling architecture is built over three layers: Web service operations, interactions and workflows. The paper aim is to present WSIM modelling architecture and how it could be implemented to support existing Web service applications (e.g. e-commerce applications). Key-words: e-Commerce Services, Web service interactions, Web service logging, Web service mining 1

2005

Abstract Discovering and assembling individual Web services into more complex yet new and more useful Web processes receive significant attention from the academia recently. In this paper, we explore using pre and post-conditions of Web services to enable their automatic composition. Also, we present a novel technique for discovering semantic relations between pre and post-conditions of different services using their ontological descriptions.

In order to deal efficiently with the exponential growth of the Web services landscape in composition life cycle activities, it is necessary to have a clear view of its main features. As for many situations where there is a lot of interacting entities, the complex networks paradigm is an appropriate approach to analyze the interactions between the multitudes of Web services. In this paper, we present and investigate the main interactions between semantic Web services models from the complex network perspective. Results show that both parameter and operation networks exhibit the main characteristics of typical real-world complex networks such as the "small-world" property and an inhomogeneous degree distribution. These results yield valuable insight in order to develop composition search algorithms, to deal with security threat in the composition process and on the phenomena which characterize its evolution.

2005

Nowadays, Web service technology plays an increasing role in internet applications, in general, and e-commerce applications, in particular. In fact, service-oriented systems can be expected to grow larger in complexity. Such large systems demand for tools that allow for analyzing and monitoring of service-oriented systems in use. Our work attempts to draw the necessary architecture in order to analyze interactions between Web service consumer and provider. WSIM modelling architecture is built over three layers : Web service operations, interactions and workflows. The paper aim is to present WSIM modelling architecture and how it could be implemented to support existing Web service applications (e.g. e-commerce applications).

2011 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing, 2011

Discovering relations among web services has been a fruitful research topic in services computing. Such relations are useful for service discovery, selection, composition, etc. The much information about web services is available, the better/more relations can be discovered. Based on the technical information provided in WSDL files, simple relations can be discovered. Finding more comprehensive relations requires additional information, such as semantic descriptions, information about service consumers, or service compositions. Rich semantic service descriptions are not so common in practice. Experiments have shown that similar users do not necessarily use the same web services. Using service compositions gives good results, however, researchers assume that they have access to such compositions, which is not the typical case in practice. Additionally, using service compositions is not sufficient to determine types and strengths of such relations. In this work, we propose a novel approach to discover relations among web services in the form of linkage patterns based on the configurations of business processes that use them. We specify types and weights of the discovered linkage patterns based on control flow patterns in business processes. We have implemented this approach using Oryx, a process modeling tool and repository, and Depot, a service registry, and validated it through real-world examples, as we show in this paper.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006

Automated Web service composition and automated Web service annotation could be seen as complimentary methodologies. While automated annotation allows to extract Web service semantics from existing WSDL documents, automated composition uses this semantics for integrating applications. Therefore applicability of both methodologies is essential for increasing the productivity of information system integration. Although several papers have proposed methods for automated annotation, there is a lack of studies providing analysis of the general structure of Web services. We argue that having an overview of general Web services structures would greatly improve design of new annotation methods. At the same time, progress in automated composition has resulted in several methods for automating Web services orchestration. In this paper we propose application of automated composition also for analysing Web services domain. We identify and analyse some general Web services properties and provide their interpretation in an industrial context. 3 www.wsmo.org 4 www.daml.org/services/swsf/1.0/swso 5 www.daml.org/services/owl-s 6 www.w3.org/Submission/WSDL-S

In order to deal efficiently with the exponential growth of the Web services landscape in composition life cycle activities, it is necessary to have a clear view of its main features. As for many situations where there is a lot of interacting entities, the complex networks paradigm is an appropriate approach to analyze the interactions between the multitudes of Web services. In this paper, we present and investigate the main interactions between semantic Web services models from the complex network perspective. Results show that both parameter and operation networks exhibit the main characteristics of typical real-world complex networks such as the “small-world” property and an inhomogeneous degree distribution. These results yield valuable insight in order to develop composition search algorithms, to deal with security threat in the composition process and on the phenomena which characterize its evolution.

2004

As Web services play a more and more important role in information technology, service-oriented systems can also be expected to grow larger in complexity. Such large systems demand for tools that allow for analyzing and monitoring of service-oriented systems in use. Our work attempts to apply data mining and process mining to Web services and their interactions in order to provide a means to analyze interactions between Web service consumer and provider. Firstly, we clarify the term of Web Services Interaction Mining (WSIM) and present three levels of abstraction on which WSIM could be performed: Web service operations, interactions and workflows. Then we outline some of the problems Web Services Interaction Mining (WSIM) could solve. Thirdly, we evaluate how WSIM could be done on these three levels and present a specification for Web service log records. We also discuss how these log records could be obtained using existing tools. We conclude the paper with suggestions on how to develop Web services which can be mined on all three levels of abstraction.