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Outline

Title
Abstract
Figures
Introduction
Related Work
Zigbee Devices and Data Transfer Model
Smart Home Design
System Design
(DMPR) -Disjoint Multi Path Routing Protocol
Conclusions
References
All Topics
Engineering
Energy Engineering and Power Technology

Smart home energy management system using IEEE 802.15. 4 and zigbee

Profile image of Lavanya AttariLavanya Attari

2010, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics

Abstract

Wireless personal area network and wireless sensor networks are rapidly gaining popularity, and the IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Working Group has defined no less than different standards so as to cater to the requirements of different applications. The ubiquitous home network has gained widespread attentions due to its seamless integration into everyday life. This innovative system transparently unifies various home appliances, smart sensors and energy technologies. The smart energy market requires two types of ZigBee networks for device control and energy management. Today, organizations use IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee to effectively deliver solutions for a variety of areas including consumer electronic device control, energy management and efficiency, home and commercial building automation as well as industrial plant management.

Figures (8)
Recently, organizations use ZigBee to effectively deliver solutions for a variety of areas including consumer electronic device control, energy management and efficiency home and commercial building automation as well as industrial plant management. As an ecosystem, the Agreement offers everything future product and service companies need to develop ZigBee products. The smart energy networks could include both ZigBee 2006 and IEEE 802.15.4. It is suggested that the majority of the nodes in the network should be based on one stack profile or the other to get reliable performance. ZigBee smart energy certified products must be based upon a ZigBee Compliant Platform (ZCP)[2][3]. If the smart energy profile resides in combination with a private profile, the product should be ZigBee Manufacturer Specific Profile (MSP) licensed and must be smart energy ZCP certified[3]. This additional certification provides a guarantee that the fundamental stack is behaving correctly and the application is not abusive to the network. The smart energy networks will not cooperate with a consumer ZigBee Home Area Network (HAN) unless a device is used to perform an “application level bridge” between the two profiles or the HAN devices satisfy the smart energy profile security requirements[2][3]. Re — aaa aa es eae This is due to the higher security requirements on the smart energy network that are not required on a home network. However, it is expected that home automation devices that are extended to include the smart energy profile can still operate in a home network. The ZigBee HAN makes possible
Recently, organizations use ZigBee to effectively deliver solutions for a variety of areas including consumer electronic device control, energy management and efficiency home and commercial building automation as well as industrial plant management. As an ecosystem, the Agreement offers everything future product and service companies need to develop ZigBee products. The smart energy networks could include both ZigBee 2006 and IEEE 802.15.4. It is suggested that the majority of the nodes in the network should be based on one stack profile or the other to get reliable performance. ZigBee smart energy certified products must be based upon a ZigBee Compliant Platform (ZCP)[2][3]. If the smart energy profile resides in combination with a private profile, the product should be ZigBee Manufacturer Specific Profile (MSP) licensed and must be smart energy ZCP certified[3]. This additional certification provides a guarantee that the fundamental stack is behaving correctly and the application is not abusive to the network. The smart energy networks will not cooperate with a consumer ZigBee Home Area Network (HAN) unless a device is used to perform an “application level bridge” between the two profiles or the HAN devices satisfy the smart energy profile security requirements[2][3]. Re — aaa aa es eae This is due to the higher security requirements on the smart energy network that are not required on a home network. However, it is expected that home automation devices that are extended to include the smart energy profile can still operate in a home network. The ZigBee HAN makes possible
Fig. 2. Smart Home Control System We have developed a smart node that has sensing, processing and networking abilities. It is equipped with a low power microprocessor and a narrow-band RF device that can support physical-layer functionalities of IEEE 802.15.4 [11] [12]. It is 40mm x 70mm in size, powered by two 1.5V AA batteries. Three type sensors are included in the smart node: light, temperature and humidity sensors. Although computerized control systems for lights in film and theaters are available as commercial products [7] [8], most current systems only provide actuation and do not exploit sensor data. We believe that it is important to know and use the live light information from light sensors deployed on the set. Real-time data accounts for how characteristics, such as light intensity and color temperature, change over time and deployments due to filament aging, supply voltage variation, changes in fixture position, and color filters. Without real-time measurement of light, it is time-consuming to maintain desired light intensities in certain area across many venues and over long periods. Light intensities and color temperature can be measured accurately by currently available handheld manual light meters.
Fig. 2. Smart Home Control System We have developed a smart node that has sensing, processing and networking abilities. It is equipped with a low power microprocessor and a narrow-band RF device that can support physical-layer functionalities of IEEE 802.15.4 [11] [12]. It is 40mm x 70mm in size, powered by two 1.5V AA batteries. Three type sensors are included in the smart node: light, temperature and humidity sensors. Although computerized control systems for lights in film and theaters are available as commercial products [7] [8], most current systems only provide actuation and do not exploit sensor data. We believe that it is important to know and use the live light information from light sensors deployed on the set. Real-time data accounts for how characteristics, such as light intensity and color temperature, change over time and deployments due to filament aging, supply voltage variation, changes in fixture position, and color filters. Without real-time measurement of light, it is time-consuming to maintain desired light intensities in certain area across many venues and over long periods. Light intensities and color temperature can be measured accurately by currently available handheld manual light meters.
The proposed DMPR works as follows. When forwarding the data packet to the sink, the node selects the special node having the best Kruskal's algorithm value among neighbors. The routing topology is adjusted dynamically, since nodes check neighbors Kruskal's algorithm value lists whenever transmitting data. Users can easily see the sensor network topology established in the home, since each packet contains its forwarded routing path list in the packet header. Using this routing path list our home system can discern the routing path from the system to each smart node. We utilize the B-MAC protocol for shared data access, and a special narrow-band RF device that supports the Kruskal's algorithm value, based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. We also develop a new topology viewer program to show the established smart node topology in our smart home system [17].
The proposed DMPR works as follows. When forwarding the data packet to the sink, the node selects the special node having the best Kruskal's algorithm value among neighbors. The routing topology is adjusted dynamically, since nodes check neighbors Kruskal's algorithm value lists whenever transmitting data. Users can easily see the sensor network topology established in the home, since each packet contains its forwarded routing path list in the packet header. Using this routing path list our home system can discern the routing path from the system to each smart node. We utilize the B-MAC protocol for shared data access, and a special narrow-band RF device that supports the Kruskal's algorithm value, based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. We also develop a new topology viewer program to show the established smart node topology in our smart home system [17].
Fig. 4. Device Binding System
Fig. 4. Device Binding System
are available to facilitate many different scenarios. The most significant benefit with tree routing is its simplicity and its limited use of resources. By having a simple algorithm to determine whether an address is a child or a descendant of a child, or elsewhere on the tree, any router can make a routing decision simply by looking at the destination address. In these cases, a router simply decides to route a packet to one of its children or to its parent. As a result, precious memory resources need not be used to store routing information. Hence, very low cost devices can be deployed without routing capability, but can still participate in any ZigBee compliant network. Building on earlier discussions, this section describes a typical process for developing a new application. Defining and implementing the application profile. The first step is to define the application profile. As part of this exercise, an application profile, along with device definitions are required to meet the specific requirements of the application. As mentioned in the discussion on the ZigBee Cluster Library, where possible this library should be used to leverage existing definitions and code available from the platform provider. These three binding commands, supported in earlier releases of the ZigBee specification have been enhanced through the following additional commands:
are available to facilitate many different scenarios. The most significant benefit with tree routing is its simplicity and its limited use of resources. By having a simple algorithm to determine whether an address is a child or a descendant of a child, or elsewhere on the tree, any router can make a routing decision simply by looking at the destination address. In these cases, a router simply decides to route a packet to one of its children or to its parent. As a result, precious memory resources need not be used to store routing information. Hence, very low cost devices can be deployed without routing capability, but can still participate in any ZigBee compliant network. Building on earlier discussions, this section describes a typical process for developing a new application. Defining and implementing the application profile. The first step is to define the application profile. As part of this exercise, an application profile, along with device definitions are required to meet the specific requirements of the application. As mentioned in the discussion on the ZigBee Cluster Library, where possible this library should be used to leverage existing definitions and code available from the platform provider. These three binding commands, supported in earlier releases of the ZigBee specification have been enhanced through the following additional commands:
Starting in box (a), end devices are bound using some physical input (say, a button on each device and the remote control). Using the End Device Bind command, these bindings populate the binding cache. Is shows in Fig. 6. In box (b), the remote control then issues a Bind_Register command to download all bindings for which it is the source device. This then allows the remote control to directly communicate to other devices without communicating via the binding cache. Finally, in box (c), should the lighting device fail, a replacement device would be substituted, and it would issue a Replace Device notification to the binding cache that the original lighting device should be replaced by the new lighting device. The binding cache would then note that the remote control currently stores its own copy of its bindings for source binding, and would then send a Replace Device command to the remote control to have its local copy of the binding replaced as well.
Starting in box (a), end devices are bound using some physical input (say, a button on each device and the remote control). Using the End Device Bind command, these bindings populate the binding cache. Is shows in Fig. 6. In box (b), the remote control then issues a Bind_Register command to download all bindings for which it is the source device. This then allows the remote control to directly communicate to other devices without communicating via the binding cache. Finally, in box (c), should the lighting device fail, a replacement device would be substituted, and it would issue a Replace Device notification to the binding cache that the original lighting device should be replaced by the new lighting device. The binding cache would then note that the remote control currently stores its own copy of its bindings for source binding, and would then send a Replace Device command to the remote control to have its local copy of the binding replaced as well.
behavior quickly by troubleshooting visually. Observe your network’s operation by visually analyzing how devices join the network, routing behavior, and application bindings.
behavior quickly by troubleshooting visually. Observe your network’s operation by visually analyzing how devices join the network, routing behavior, and application bindings.
Following the definition of the application profile is of course, the development of the necessary code for devices around these definitions. With standardization around the ZCP framework, development tools will be increasingly available using standard description languages such as XML, as well as for analysis and testing. This facilitates a single definition of the application profile that may propagate through the entire development, test and commissioning tool chain.
Following the definition of the application profile is of course, the development of the necessary code for devices around these definitions. With standardization around the ZCP framework, development tools will be increasingly available using standard description languages such as XML, as well as for analysis and testing. This facilitates a single definition of the application profile that may propagate through the entire development, test and commissioning tool chain.

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