Weight Optimization of Tie Rod Using FEM

IJRASET, 2021

A car's steering wheel is used to connect the steering gear which is connect to the wheels via the tie rod ends. The main use of the tie rod end is to ensure the wheels are aligned. Hence the functioning of tie rod is crucial for steering as well as suspension performance of vehicle. Today's world is competitive with respective to efficiency as well as economical in price, every organization striving for cost effective product at a lower price and within minimum period for 'time to market. In this work, an attempt is made on optimization of the tier rod through changing materials and to reducing the weight. FEA analysis is performed on solid section and hollow sections with different thicknesses. The stress results at critical locations for different design iterations are discussed in this work. From the FEA results it is observed that the effected wright for hollow section is reduced by 18.15 % compare to solid section.

Structural performance of any mechanical component is measured basically in terms of its natural frequency, deformation, stiffness, maximum stress level, fatigue life etc. In case of vehicle suspension system; however tie rod is mainly under compressive and fluctuating forces encounter from steering and bumping of vehicle. When steering acts to turn the vehicle, tie rod comes under compressive load. And when vehicle running on rough road condition, fluctuating forces

Tie rods or Track rods are an integral part of vehicle's steering system. Just as its name suggests a Tie rod ties vehicle's steering rack to the steering arm. Tie rod may get fail due to varying forces and bumping of vehicle during steering. The forces from the steering are also considered during the static condition of car. Vibration and buckling of Tie rod has been continuously a concern which may lead to structural failure if the resulting vibration and stresses are undesirable and excessive. So research work is aimed to assess buckling strength and compare buckling performance of Tie rod for different materials. Finite element models of the Tie rod also analyzed to obtain stiffness and stress distributions in each component. Based on the experimental test results, theoretical calculation results and finite element analysis with NASTRAN results, stiffness values are validated. The mode shape and natural frequency results for different materials obtained in the normal modal analysis are compared. In buckling analysis, the load factor obtained for different materials were compared and critical buckling load is calculated and is validated by theoretical calculations.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022

Tie rods or Track rods are an integral part of vehicle's steering system. Just as its name suggests a Tie rod ties vehicle's steering rack to the steering arm. It is used to give direction to tires according to steering wheel movement. A tie rod assembly is attached to each end of the relay rod. The tie rod assembly consists of inner and outer tie rods that are usually connected through an adjusting sleeve. Tie rod may get fail due to varying forces and bumping of vehicle during steering. The forces from the steering are also considered during the static condition of car. Fatigue and buckling of Tie rod has been continuously a concern which may lead to structural failure if the resulting vibration and stresses are undesirable and excessive. Even if the stresses are less than yield they may fail under repeated loading. Considering this problem research work is aimed to assess buckling strength and compare buckling performance of Tie rod for different materials. In this first according to the condition basic cad geometry is designed using cad software and finite element model generated using Hyper Mesh. And then modal, static and transient dynamic analyses to obtain natural frequencies, displacement, stresses distributions in tie rod. For safe design of tie rod corrective actions and considerable modifications carried out and to validate the modified design of tie rod finite element analysis carried out. I.

International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 2017

A tie rod is a slender structural rod in the automobile steering system and it is capable of carrying tensile and compressive loads. Tie rod may fail due to compressive loads through buckling. Instability of vehicle may be caused due to failure of tie rod. So it’s important to check the strength of tie rod. The load on tie rod is mostly compressive. In this paper we are going to do the finite element analysis of the existing tie rod of the tractor and will compare those with the FEA results of optimized tie rod. All the measures will be taken to improve the strength of the tie rod. 3D modeling of a tie rod is done in CATIA V5R19. Further, meshing and analysis is done on HYPERMESH (preprocessor) and ANSYS (postprocessor). Optimization of the tie rod will be carried out in iteration with topological changes. Optimized tie rod will be analyzed through FEM. After getting satisfied results a prototype will be fabricated and tested. The two results i.e. FEA and experimental results will b...

Tie rods or Track rods are an integral part of vehicle’s steering system. Tie rod ties vehicle’s steering rack to the steering arm. Tie rod may get fail due to varying forces and bumping of vehicle during steering. The forces from the steering are also considered during the static condition of car. Vibration and buckling of Tie rod has been continuously a concern which may lead to structural failure if the resulting vibration and stresses are undesirable and excessive. Present paper is aimed to assess buckling strength and compare buckling performance of Tie rod for different proposed dimension of Tie rod with constant length and same material. Finite element models of the Tie rod also analyzed to obtain stiffness and stress distributions in it. The mode shape and natural frequency results for different proposed dimensions of tie rod obtained in the normal modal analysis and in buckling analysis, the buckling load factor obtained for that tie rod are compared and critical buckling load is calculated. Results getting from the Finite element analysis are validated by using the theoretical results.

A tie rod is a slender structural rod that is used as a tie and capable of carrying tensile and compressive loads. As the ratio of its length to the radius of gyration of its cross section is normally quite large, it would likely buckle under the action of compressive forces. When it becomes worn out, steering will producing clunking noise and also the vehicle will typically be pulling or (dragging) to either side (left or right) it will cause the accident which is not safe for passenger life in the car. Thus the aim of the project is to analyze tie rod for active to improve the mass and buckling load of tie rod. This paper is aimed to assess buckling strength and compare buckling performance of Tie rod for different dimensions. Theoretically calculate the critical buckling load of Tie rod for taking different diameter of it and keeping the same material and length. Experimentally test the same Tie rod on UTM machine. Based on the experimental test results, theoretical calculation results the critical buckling load for different dimensions of tie rod were compared and it validated by checking its performance on quarter car test rig for suspension system of car.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2023

This report is about the optimization of a tie rod, which is a crucial part of a car's steering system. The tie rod is typically made of cast iron, but in this study, we also used aluminum to make the tie rod. We analyzed the performance of the tie rod using different methods such as theoretical calculations, experiments, and computer simulations. We compared the results of the aluminum tie rod with the traditional cast iron tie rod, and evaluated them based on cost and weight. Our calculations showed that aluminum tie rod is a better option as it is lighter and cheaper than the cast iron one. The experiments and computer simulations confirmed these findings and showed that the aluminum tie rod is a good alternative to the traditional one.

This paper focuses on the study of buckling load on the Tie rod of steering system that undergoes an axial compression. Because of the external factors like road condition, different driving situations, different road adhesion, traffic conditions, vibrations and sudden jerks are sets up in tie rod. Tie rod generally buckle under the action of compressive force due to the large ratio of tie rod length to its radius of gyration. When it becomes worn out, steering will become more difficult and the vehicle will also typically be pulling or dragging to either side. Thus the aim of the project is to analyze tie rod for to improve the mass and buckling load of tie rod and to find out maximum deformation and stress. Present research is divided in two parts. First, to conduct survey amongst the buses, examine the causes of failure and second is to design and analysis to recommend best possible alternatives of Tie Rod with the aid of advanced design tools like CAD. Tie Rod failure is one of the major problems facing for MSRTC workshop supervisor.

A vehicle tie rod manufactured with materials that can resist the vertical, lateral and horizontal forces acting on the suspension system when the car is in operation may last for a longer period of time provided the operating condition of the vehicle is such that, the tie rod material does not exceed its elastic limit. CES EduPack 2013 database level 2 was used in material selection of the tie rod which showed possible materials such as Nickel alloys, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, low alloy steel etc. but low alloy steel was chosen based on the low cost, stiffness and yield strength. In terms of material properties, a tie rod requires high value of modulus of elasticity for stiffness, high fracture toughness against cracks and wear, and high yield strength against fatigue, and these properties were found in low alloy steel which conventional tie rods are manufactured from. The tie rod was designed using SOLIDWORKS 2012 version and static analysis was carried out to determine buckling displacements of a vehicle tie rod with a force of 18,563.7102N acting from each ends under pinned-pinned and fixed-pinned condition. Under the influence of this force, the tie rod in pinned-pinned position gave a maximum buckling displacement of 0.0156133mm whereas, tie rod under the influence of the same force buckled with a maximum displacement of 27.5852mm. This is because the pinned ends of the tie rod were sliding and exhibiting instability when the load (18,563.7102N) was applied from one end whereas, the fixed-pinned ends behavior of the tie rod was fixed and stable under the applied force from the pinned-end. The 18,563.7102N force load is the bump, braking and cornering force generated when a vehicle is in motion and was obtained from ADAMS simulation model of McPherson Subaru suspension system. Hence, the tie rod ends should be taken into consideration during manufacturing and installation, as buckling with low deflection can still carry more loads before the critical load is reached.