Fostering STEM trajectories: Background & Tools for Action

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141. Linda Caswell, Alina Martinez, Okhee Lee, Barbara Brauner Berns &, Hilary Rhodes, 2016. Analysis of the National Science Foundation's Discovery Research K-l2 on Mathematics and Science Education for English Learners. Teachers College Record, 118(5).
142. Recall that only major awards, defined here as those granted $500,000 or more, were reviewed in this analysis. 165 Recall that only major awards, defined here as those granted $500,000 or more, were reviewed in this analysis. 166 http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/manuals/gpm05_131/gpm2.jsp 167 http://www.nsf.gov/nsb/publications/2015/nsb201514.pdf 168 https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf 169 http://www.nsf.gov/eng/iip/sbir/home.jsp 170 http://kinderlabrobotics.com/kibo/ Reframing Research
143. Steinhauer, J. and Weisman, J., "In the DeMint Era at Heritage, A Shift from Policy to Politics," New York Times, February 24, 2014, A1.
144. Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University, "A Decade of Science Informing Policy: The Story of the National Scientific Council on the Developing Child," 2014.
145. Gardner, H., Changing Minds: The Art and Science of Changing Our Own and Other People's Minds, (Harvard Business Review Press, 2004).
146. Bales, S.N., Volmert, A., and Kendall-Taylor, N., 2015, "The Power of Explanation: Reframing STEM and Informal Learning," Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute.
147. "Talking Early Child Development and Exploring the Consequences of Frame Choices: A FrameWorks MesssageMemo," 2005, Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute.
148. Bales, S., Volmert, A., and Kendall-Taylor, N., 2015, "The Power of Explanation: Reframing STEM and Informal Learning," Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute.
149. See "The Core Story of Education," Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute; Sweetland, J., "Telling Stories out of School: Reframing the Conversation through a Core Story Approach, Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute; and Bales, S.N., and O'Neil, M., 2014. "Putting it Back Together Again: Reframing Education Using a Core Story Approach, Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute.
150. Volmert, A., Baran, M., Kendall-Taylor, N., and O'Neil, M., 2013, "'You Have to Have the Basics Down Really Well': Mapping the Gaps between Expert and Public Understandings of STEM Learning," Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute.
151. Bales, S., Volmert, A., and Kendall-Taylor, N., 2015, "The Power of Explanation: Reframing STEM and Informal Learning," Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute. 180 FrameWorks interview with Bradd Shore, 2012. 181 Watch people reasoning with this metaphor in On-the-Street interviews at http://www.frameworksinstitute.org/pubs/mm/reframingstem/page10.html.
152. Watch people reasoning with this metaphor in On-the-Street interviews at http://www.frameworksinstitute.org/pubs/mm/reframingstem/page11.html.
153. Watch people reasoning with this metaphor in On-the-Street interviews at http://www.frameworksinstitute.org/pubs/mm/reframingstem/page15.html.
154. Bales, S., Volmert, A., and Kendall-Taylor, N., 2015, "The Power of Explanation: Reframing STEM and Informal Learning," Washington, D.C.: The FrameWorks Institute, page 26.
155. Schram, S., Words of Welfare: The Poverty of Social Science and the Social Science of Poverty (University of Minnesota Press, 1995).
156. Project Description, page 1.