REMEMBERING MUHAMMAD ALI

The National, 2009

Sport in History, 2018

When Muhammad Ali died in June 2016, he was remembered by the media as a hero in the fight for racial equality. Tributes for the great boxer were meaningful in many respects, but they were also incomplete, sanitised and misleading. This paper aims to re-complicate our understanding of Ali's portrayals in the media by analysing newspaper discourse in the years immediately following his conversation to the Nation of Islam. Specifically, this investigation compares and contrasts the complex ways that black and white journalists used both his birth name (Cassius Clay) and his adopted name (Muhammad Ali) as a way of signalling their attitudes toward him. Close reading of newspaper articles published between March 1964 and September 1967 reveals that black journalists rejected Ali's adopted name and identity almost as comprehensively as their white colleagues. This aspect of Ali's legacy has been largely forgotten by the contemporary media, which calls us to consider the cultural construction of social memory, particularly when it revolves around sporting icons.

Political Standing of Pakistani Women in Pre and Post Election Campaigns (1947-2014), 2019

Female Participation in Parliaments of Pakistan (Conduct and Performance of 12th Assembly), 2019

This describes the position of elected and selected through reserved seats and their campaigns before elections and their participation and performance during within the assemblies of Pakistan. The chapter also explores the women debates and resolutions in the National Assembly and also the participation in the cabinet and participation in different bills presented in the assembly.

2020

Ali (2001) is a biographical film that tells the story of Muhammad Ali, the heavyweight boxing champion of the world. This film not only shows his journey in the world of boxing but also his religious behavior. His religious behavior in this film becomes very important considering his figure as a Black Muslim in America. On the one hand, he is shown as a religious figure, but on the other hand, he is shown as a bad character that is contrary to religion itself such as sex outside marriage. This problem is analyzed using the theory of religiosity and film theory. Research on the topic of religiosity is needed to find out the components and causes of one's religious behavior that are represented in literary works, especially in Ali (2001). Qualitative method is used in this research. The results of this study revealed that Ali is a religious person with various components that he experienced and not just having religion. Ali experienced the six components of religiosity in Mervin F. Verbit's theory which consists of doctrine, ritual, emotions, knowledge, ethics, and community. The components of religiosity experienced by Ali varied from the lowest stage namely the 'content' dimension to the 'centrality' dimension. This is caused by various internal and external factors that influence Ali's religious behavior. This also proves that one's religiosity cannot be seen only in a visible and fleeting standard but from various factors and measurable aspects.

Writings about Muhammad Ali—the former heavyweight champion who was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease—often discuss the cultural significance of Ali’s career, activism, and disability. This article examines writings that interpret Muhammad Ali’s Parkinson’s disease. The authors argue that Ali’s Parkinson’s disease is discussed as an unmoored signifier that is disconnected from the lived experience of Parkinson’s and is instead tethered to Ali’s legacy as a cultural icon. By analyzing articles and books on Ali, the authors identified the discursive practices that encourage the interpretation of his disability. Four distinct interpretations of his condition are discussed before presenting Ali’s own interpretation of his Parkinson’s disease. This pattern of communicating about disability has implications for how representations of dis- ability are critiqued.

2002

Journal of Race, Ethnicity and Religion, 2014

The essay chronicles the early past of much misunderstood Moorish Science Temple of America (MSTA) founder, Noble Drew Ali in his formative years. It also addresses and debunks various layers of myths that has shrouded his identity.