Design and analysis of robust and adaptive organizations
2001, 2001 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. e-Systems and e-Man for Cybernetics in Cyberspace (Cat.No.01CH37236)
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC.2001.972954Abstract
The objectives of this paper are to: (i) define and classify the process of strategy and structural adaptation of organizations to mission and environmental changes; (ii) apply our modified design methodology to construct robust and adaptive organizations; and (iii) analyze the effects of changes in mission and organizational parameters on the organization's performance. We analyze the performance of organizations using dynamic metrics, including a measure of congruence of a given organization with respect to an organization optimally matched to a mission, as well as the DM activity and task workload as a function of time.
References (21)
- Argote and Epple, 1990] Argote L. and D. Epple, "Learning curves in manufacturing", Science, Vol. 247, 1990.
- Bertsekas, 1995] Bertsekas, D.P., "Dynamic Programming and Optimal Control", Vol. 1, 2, Athena Scientific, Belmont, MA, 1995.
- Bertsekas, 1998] Bertsekas, D.P. Network Optimization: Continuous and Discrete Models. Athena Scientific, 1998. [Blick et al., 2000] Blick, G., J. Jensen, K. Whalen, and S. Surgenor, "The emergent features of a medical object display improve anesthesiologists' performance of simulated diagnostic tasks", Proceedings of the International Ergonomics Association 2000/Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 2000 Congress, Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 4.258- 4.261, 2000.
- Booth, 1996] Booth, R., "Agile Manufacturing", Engineering Management, April 1996, 105- 115, 1996.
- Bucheim, 2000] Bucheim, R. K., "Developing performance metrics for a design engineering department", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 47, No. 3, 309-320, 2000. [Burton and Obel, 1998] Burton, R.M. and B. Obel, Strategic Organizational Diagnosis and Design: Developing Theory for Application (2nd Ed.). Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998. [Busacker and Saaty, 1965] Busacker, R. and T. Saaty. Finite Graphs and Networks: An Introduction with Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965.
- Cameron, 1986] Cameron, K.S., "Effectiveness as paradox: consensus and conflict in conceptions of organizational effectiveness", Management Science, Vol. 32, No. 5, 539-553, 1986. [Carley, 1998] Carley, K.M., "Adaptive organizations and emergent forms", Proceedings of the International Conference on Multi Agent Systems, 2 -3, 1998. [Chunming, 1995] Chunming, D., "Developing robust system designs under uncertainty: a systematic approach to design evaluation", Proceedings of Third International Symposium on Uncertainty Modeling and Analysis and Annual Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, 210 -215, 1995. [Coury and Purcell, 1988] Coury, B. and J. Purcell, "The bar graph as a configurable and separable display", Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32 nd Annual Meeting, Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors Society, 1361-1365, 1988. [Dill and Pearson, 1991] Dill, D. and A. W. Pearson, "The self-designing organization: structure, learning, and the management of technical professionals", Technology Management : the New International Language, 33 -36, 1991.
- Entin, 1999] Entin, E.E., "Optimized command and control architectures for improved process and performance", Proceedings of the 1999 Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium, NWC, Newport, RI, 1999.
- Fienberg, 1979] Fienberg, S.E., "Graphical methods in statistics", American Statisticians, 33, 165-178, 1979.
- Foisel et al., 1998] Foisel, R., V. Chevrier, and J. Haton, "Modeling adaptive organizations", Proceedings of the International Conference on Multi Agent Systems, 427 -428, 1998. [Forney, 1973] Forney Jr., D., "The Viterbi algorithm", Proceedings of the IEEE Conference, Vol. 61, No. 3, 268-278, 1973. [Handley et al., 1999] Handley, H.A., Z.R. Zaidi, and A.H. Levis, "The use of simulation models in model driven experimentation", Proceedings of the 1999 Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium, NWC, Newport, RI, 1999.
- Heller, 2000] Heller, T., "If only we'd known sooner: developing knowledge of organizational changes earlier in the product development process", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 47, No. 3, 335-344, 2000. [Hocevar et al., 1999] Hocevar, S.P., W.G. Kemple, D. Kleinman, and G. Porter, "Assessments of simulated performance of alternative architectures for command and control: the role of coordination", Proceedings of the 1999 Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium, NWC, Newport, RI, 1999. [Horling et al., 1999] Horling B, et al., "Diagnosis as an integral part of multi-agent adaptability", UMass Computer Science Technical Report 99-03, 1999. [Kalyanaram, 1997] Kalyanaram, G., "A process design model and an application. Innovation in technology management -the key to global leadership", PICMET '97: Portland International Conference on Management and Technology, 956, 1997. [Keller and Keller, 1993] Keller, P.R. and M.M. Keller. Visual Cues: Practical data visualization. New Jersey: IEEE Press, 1993. [Keeney and Raiffa, 1993] Keeney, R. and H. Raiffa. Decisions with Multiple Objectives. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
- Kulatilaka, 1988] Kulatilaka, N., "Valuing the flexibility of flexible manufacturing systems", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 35, No. 4, 250 -257, 1988. [Lawrence and Lorsch, 1967] Lawrence P.R. and J.W. Lorsch. Organization and Environment: Managing Differentiation and Integration. Boston, MA, USA: Graduate school of business administration, 1967.
- G. Levchuk et al., 2000a] Levchuk, G.M., Y. N. Levchuk, Jie Luo, Krishna R. Pattipati, and David L. Kleinman, "Normative design of organizations -part I: mission planning", To be published, 2000.
- G. Levchuk et al., 2000b] Levchuk, G.M., Y. N. Levchuk, Jie Luo, Krishna R. Pattipati, and David L. Kleinman, "Normative design of organizations -part II: organizational structure", To be published, 2000.
- Y. Levchuk et al., 1997] Levchuk, Y.N., K.R. Pattipati, and M.L. Curry, "Normative design of organizations to solve a complex mission : theory and algorithms", Proceedings of the 1997 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium, Washington, DC, 1997.
- Y. Levchuk et al, 1998] Levchuk, Y.N., Pattipati K. R., and Kleinman, D. L., "Designing adaptive organizations to process a complex mission: algorithms and applications", Proceedings of the 1998 Command & Control Research & Technology Symposium, NPS, Monterey, CA, 1998. [Levebvre et al., 1997] Levebvre, E., L.A. Levebvre, and L. Prefontaine, "Technological learning and organizational context: fit and performance in SMEs", Proceedings of 30-th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Vol. 3, 464-474, 1997. [Lee and Carley, 1997] Lee, J.S. and K.M. Carley, "Adaptive strategy for improving C2 performance", Proc. 1997 Com. and Contr. Res. and Tech. Symposium, Washington, DC, USA, 1997. [Mackenzie, 1986] Mackenzie, K.D. Organizational Design: The Organizational Audit and Analysis Technology. Alex Pub. Co., Norwood, New Jersey, 1986. [Mackenzie et al., 1996] Mackenzie, C.F., N.J. Jefferies, W.A. Hunter, W.N. Bernhard, Y. Xiao, and R. Horst, "Comparison of self reporting of deficiencies in airway management with video analysis of actual performance", Human Factors, 38(4), pp. 623-635, 1996. [Mathur and Pattipati, 1997] Mathur, A. and K.R. Pattipati, "Single and multi-objective optimization techniques for robust parameter design," invited paper Sadhana, Indian Academy of Sciences, 1997.
- Pachucki, 1995] Pachucki, D.E., "Environmental stress testing experiment using the Taguchi method", IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology, Part A, [see also IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology], Vol. 18, No. 1, 3-9, 1995. [Peddie et al., 1991] Peddie, R.A., J.H. Banks, and T.J. Haslam, "Electricity privatisation-IT's role in facilitating rapid organisational change", Engineering Management Journal, Vol. 1, No. 4 , 178 -186, 1991. [Piramuthu et al., 1994] Piramuthu, S., N. Raman, and M.J. Shaw, "Learning-based scheduling in a flexible manufacturing flow line", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 41, No. 2, 172-182, 1994.
- Roberts, 1989] Roberts K., "New challenges to organizational research: high reliability organizations", Industrial crisis quarterly, Vol. 3, No. 3, 111-125, 1989.
- Sanchez, 2000] Sanchez, S.M., "Robust design: seeking the best of all possible worlds", Proceedings of the 2000 Winter Simulation Conference, 69-76, 2000. [Scibilia et al., 1999] Scibilia, B., A. Kobi, R. Chassagnon, and A. Barreau, "An application of the quality engineering approach reconsidered", Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Vol. 1, 943 -947, 1999. [Song et al., 1995] Song, A., A. Mathur, and K.R. Pattipati, " Design of process parameters using robust design techniques and multiple criteria optimization," IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Vol. 25, No. 11, 1437-1446, 1995.
- Taguchi, 1986] Taguchi, G. Introduction to Quality Engineering. White Plains, New York: UNIPUB/Krauss International, 1986.
- Taguchi, 1987] Taguchi, G. System of Experimental Design, Volumes 1 and 2. White Plains, New York: UNIPUB/Krauss International, 1987. [Tsourveloudis and Phillis, 1998] Tsourveloudis N. C. and Y. A. Phillis, "Manufacturing flexibility measurement: a fuzzy logic framework", IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 14, No. 4, 1998. [Villas Boas, 1999] Villas Boas, R.C., "Robust engineering approaches to maximize results in business, cost, engineering, human, quality and system technologies", Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Intelligent Processing and Manufacturing of Material. Vol. 1, 481- 484, 1999.
- Wickens, 1986] Wickens, C., "The object display: principles and a review of experimental findings", Technical Report. CPL 86-6, Champaign, IL: University of Illinios Cognitive Psychophysiology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, 1986.