IMMUNOLOGY FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS

Immunology is a domain looking first of all to understand how the human body protect himself face to the various micro-organisms present in the environment [5]. It’s considered as one of the most domains that provide a research challenge due to the complexity, the adeptness and the high distributiveness features that it characterizes. In the present chapter we are looking for giving an immunology background; in which we present an overview of the main components (organs, cells, molecules …) that belongs to the immune system with the functionalities of each one.

Basic Immunology, 2002

The immune system is the body's natural defence in combating organisms. Immunology has developed rapidly over the past decade owing to the refinements made in the molecular tests employed in this area of research. Therefore, the keen reader is encouraged to peruse the ophthalmic and immunological literature in order to keep abreast of the latest developments in this field. The College of Optometrists has awarded this article 2 CET credits. There are 12 MCQs with a pass mark of 60%.

Medical Education …, 2009

Our teaching experience has shown that dealing with the molecular aspects of the immune response regulation poses several difficulties. Therefore, we developed a panel board to verify whether or not this active-learning exercise could enhance students' learning and arouse their interest in subjects that are basically theoretical and complex. Methods: Twenty cardboard pieces labeled with the names of major regulators of the immune response and three panel boards with explanations on how major regulators work. Students had to match the cardboard pieces with the corresponding explanation. Results: One hundred forty students participated in this study. The overall response of the students to the game was very positive: 95.71% considered the panel board interesting and 95% said the panel board facilitated the understanding of the subject matter. The students' grades significantly improved (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The results obtained show the importance of using the panel board when trying to approach a subject that is vast and complex not only for students but also for professors.

Journal of College Teaching & Learning (TLC), 2014

Currently very few Thai Immunology e-Books are available online. The authors created an online e-Book titled, Antigen and Antibody Reaction for Diagnosis of Diseases and used a quasi experimental research design to assess the effectiveness of its implementation in terms of knowledge gained, written exam scores and student satisfaction. Both the experimental and control groups exhibited higher mean scores of between the post- and pretest at p &lt; 0.001, as calculated by paired t-test. The two groups Immunology mean scores were not significantly different. All participants passed the Immunology examination. It is hoped that further improvements to the e-Book and consistent Internet access will result in statistically significant differences for e-Book users in the future.

Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2005

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 2013

As immunology continues to evolve, many educational methods have found difficulty in conveying the degree of complexity inherent in its basic principles. Today, the teaching-learning process in such areas has been improved with tools such as educational software. This article introduces "Virtual Immunology," a software program available free of charge in Portuguese and English, which can be used by teachers and students in physiology, immunology, and cellular biology classes. We discuss the development of the initial two modules: "Organs and Lymphoid Tissues" and "Inflammation" and the use of interactive activities to provide microscopic and macro-scopic understanding in immunology. Students, both graduate and undergraduate, were questioned along with university level professors about the quality of the software and intuitiveness of use, facility of navigation, and aesthetic organization using a Likert scale. An overwhelmingly satisfactory result was obtained with both students and immunology teachers. Programs such as "Virtual Immunology" are offering more interactive, multimedia approaches to complex scientific principles that increase student motivation, interest, and comprehension.

According to epidemiological and economic relevance, either by direct or indirect cost, six neglected diseases (ND) were elected by the Brazilian government as major research problems: dengue, tuberculosis, leprosy, malaria, leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. These diseases are presented in Brazilian schools basically with the help of textbooks that are evaluated, acquired and distributed freely in public schools by the National Textbook Program (PNLD). Thus, we investigated how these six diseases and their structural concepts were presented in the biology textbooks approved by PNLD 2012/13/14. The six selected diseases were found in almost every collection approved in the PNLD 2012/13/14, exceptions being tuberculosis and leprosy, and we found 30 problems out of 144 insertions. In this sense, we emphasize the need more rigorous evaluation processes in the textbooks so that the content can be understood as potentially significant material.

2014

The multi-store model developed in the 1970s suggests that information gained by a learner flows in through a defined set of states (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968). First, sensory stores capture visual and auditory information. A small amount of that information is then transferred to the short-term memory compartment. Here, a great deal of work has been performed to suggest we can retain anywhere between five to seven discrete chunks of information at any given time (Simon, 1979). The information that is transferred from the sensory stores to short-term memory stores is often dependent on repetition. However, a fraction of that information can then be transferred to long-term memory stores and is dependent on encoding, visualising and experiencing that occur during the learning process. Finally, working memory is the result of accessing information from the short-term and long-term memory stores and is thought to rely heavily on visual-spatial patterning, etc. This is controlled by the...

Advances in Physiology Education, 2019

The use of computers as a pedagogical resource is currently on the rise. In the case of immunology, students present difficulties in visualizing molecular phenomena. Thus the use of animations and simulations available on the internet might facilitate the learning of complex immunological concepts. In this context, it is important to map and assess the currently available resources that may be used for educational purposes. This study comprises the search and analysis of educational immunology software freely available on the internet, which can aid students and health professionals in effective learning and continuing education scenarios. A detailed search in English on the existence of free software was carried out on websites and scientific databases. The results clearly indicate a lack of freely available and scientifically validated immunology educational software, despite the existence of several software programs that could be used as auxiliary teaching tools.