100 questions and answers on shiah, sunnah and wahhabism

. Afzal Upal and Carole M. Cusack (eds), Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements, Brill, 2021, forthcoming.

Given the presentation of Islam in popular media, it is not surprising that most Westerners (including some scholars) view the faith as a static, monolithic religion that clings fiercely to its seventh century roots, resisting any attempt at change. This is, of course, far from the truth. In common with other faith traditions, Islam has been a dynamic force from the start, with adaptations stemming from individual leaders, diverse ethnic populations, and the cultural contexts in which the religion took root. Christians and Jews, among other representatives of religious traditions, commented on Muḥammad, the prophet and founder of Islam, and identified resemblances between the new monotheistic religion and their own traditions.

Teaching And Contemporary Challenges, 2016

The Issues of divisions between the Muslims, is one of the greatest challenges or perhaps most critical, among the challenges confronting the Muslim Ummah in the world today. The most critical of them is the challenge of doctrinal differences. However, differences are challenges to Islamic virtues and Muslim integrity. It has led to internal weaknesses and divisions. This weakness and divisions are apparent throughout the Muslim World, in government, societies, among scholars, and common people. These divisions which cut across ethnic, ideological, political and religious principles, are so deeply rooted in Islam and so malignant to the extent that we are unable to respond to the very basic obligations of the unity of Muslims. Some ideological principles tearing Muslims apart will be critically examined. Perhaps one of the most profound and most poisonous is the issue of ‘Asabiyyah and Qawmiyyah (عصبية و قومية). The trust of this paper therefore shall concentrate on the above mentioned concept.

all information about islamic sects

Nova Religio, 2000

2016

This paper seeks to explore into the Shi'ī religion (شیعہ), particularly the philosophy behind the formation of the group and the subsequently developed theology on the foundation of that philosophy. The paper presents a balanced view of the Shia faith from a Sunnī perspective. The critique, as it is intended to be one towards its conclusion, attempts to engage with the Shia theology and is, at times, also compared with the Sunnī theology and religious view of history.

Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi eBooks, 2020

The Rise and Expansion of Islam* This Unit comprises of six sections: first Section covers political and social milieu of Arabian Peninsula before Islam, second Section offers a precise description of growth of Islam and Islamic state in Medina under Muhammad, third Section is about the Caliphate and dissensions within Ummah (Islamic community) leading to the rise of Kharijites, Shia and Sunni sects, fourth Section describes various branches of Shi'ism like Ismaili, Imami and Zayids, fifth Section illustrates growth and doctrine of two Islamic theological branches during the Abbasid Caliphate-Mu'tazila and Asharite, and the last Section details emergence of Sufi orders.

The Muslim World, 2019

POMEPS Studies, 2017