Analysis of an electric vehicle agent based management model

IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline), 2011

This paper addresses the modelling and simulation of a battery charging infrastructure for electric vehicles, with the objective of pro-actively scheduling the charging of up to fifty vehicles so as not to overcharge the electrical network. Benefits of having the charging stations differ (as much as possible while satisfying end-user requirements) battery charging for those hours when electricity consumption is otherwise low include rendering electricity consumption more uniform along the day. A multi-agent system was used to design a distributed, modular, coordinated and collaborative multi-agent management system for this infrastructure. Simulation results show the effectiveness of this approach under the conditions of four real-life scenarios.

Distributed Software Agents …, 1996

As computing systems are being applied to ever more demanding and complex domains, the infeasibility of constructing a single, monolithic problem solver becomes more apparent. Furthermore, important applications such as different types of management control systems for power generation and distribution are inherently distributed. A promising novel research direction to overcome complexity barriers in the design and maintenance of complex distributed applications is based on the view of such systems as societies of cooperating agents.

2019

There has been a significant amount of research in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) for power system applications. The technology has reached a maturity that makes commercial applications possible. At the same time in the UK network operators are required to become System Operators and actively manage their network. This paper explores how MAS can be applied to a real distribution network and help operator's transition to an actively managed network meeting the regulatory and market requirements.

2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2008

A new approach to the configuration and operation of electrical distribution networks is proposed. Traditionally, the medium-voltage part of the electrical grid is operated in a centralised and static manner. In the context of electric sector deregulation and electric market liberalisation, the pertinence of this central organisation is no longer ensured. This paper presents an alternative approach based on a multi-agent system, implementing a distributed control algorithm. Concepts used in communication networks have been applied and adapted to the electrical supply system.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012

A distribution network carries electricity from transmission network to consumers through facilities such as substations, buses and feeders. Distributed generations emerge as the new alternative power resource to a distribution network at a smaller and distributed scale. On one hand, distributed generations can decrease substations' load and power price. On the other hand, they will bring difficulties to substations for demand management. This paper proposes a multiagent model to represent a radial distribution network. The model includes five types of agents, which are substation agents, bus agents, feeder agents, load agents and generation agents. Through communicating with neighbouring agents, each agent can dynamically balance its own power supply and consumption, so as to perform the demand management to the distribution network. The Java Agent Development Framework (JADE) was employed to implement the proposed agents and multiagent system. The simulation result on a case study well demonstrates the good design and performance of the proposed multiagent system in both agents communication and demand management.

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2015

The objective of this paper is to propose an approach for smart distribution transformer (TR) management to help implement emergency demand response (DR) at a TR. In this paper, a DR algorithm embedded in a multiagent system is presented. The proposed algorithm ensures that an instantaneous power demand at a TR is kept below a certain demand limit during a DR event while the impacts of demand restrike are minimized. At the same time, homeowners' goals of securing critical loads, mitigating comfort level violation, and minimizing appliance's compensation time during a DR event are taken into account. To validate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed DR algorithm, a case study of a TR serving three homes is demonstrated. Index Terms-Demand response (DR), demand restrike (DRK), multiagent system (MAS), smart distribution transformer management (SDTM). NOMENCLATURE a H,i , b H,i , c H,i Coefficients of quadratic function of DRKP H,i (DL H,i) of a home i ∈ N (kW). Amp_Rating H,i Electrical meter service ampere rating of a home i ∈ N (A). [Belief H,i ] Mx1 Belief vector R M , representing minimum required power demands based on all possible combinations of usage status of power-intensive appliances of a home i ∈ N (kW). C Total number of appliances. Cap TR Distribution transformer (TR) loading capability (kW). CFP Call for proposal. CLV Comfortable level violation index. CLV DRevent CLV index calculated at the end of a DR event. CLV w/o_DR CLV index calculated at the same time period where there is no DR event. [Comb] MxC Matrix R M×C of combinations of usage status of power-intensive appliances.

CIRED Workshop 2016, 2016

Worldwide considerable resources in terms of R&D have commissioned in the field of electrical mobility. Due to the significant dissemination of Electric Vehicles (EVs) predicted in the near future, the concept of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) will be practically achievable, to improve the integration of renewable energy into distribution networks and leads to economic and environment benefits, supporting the grid operation, reducing substation transformers and line overloading to defer or even avoid investments. In the paper, an intelligent and decentralized Multi Agent System for managing EV charging/discharging in LV distribution networks is proposed.

2011 IEEE 33rd International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC), 2011

Increased penetration of generation and decentralised control are considered to be feasible and effective solution for reducing cost and emissions and hence efficiency associated with power generation and distribution. Distributed generation in combination with the multi-agent technology are perfect candidates for this solution. Pro-active and autonomous nature of multi-agent systems can provide an effective platform for decentralised control whilst improving reliability and flexibility of the grid. The proposed multi-agent energy management system is aimed at controlling distributed generation and performing demand side management to provide robust and effective grid with lower emissions and costs. Furthermore, appropriate strategy used in combination with the multi-agent energy management system would decrease peak demands in the wider grid. The proposed solution consists of single-type agents who control one or more gird entities which are represented as generic sub-agent elements. The agent applies one control algorithm across all elements and uses cost function to evaluate the suitability of the element as a supplier. This study shows the ability of the multi-agent energy management system to control grid entities represented by generic sub-agent elements and select suppliers according to the selection behaviour set by the user.

Power Tech, 2007 …, 2007