Market Organizations for Controlling Smart Matter

1999

2010

Structural control is a powerful tool that can ef fectively limit the undesired responses of civil st ruc ures resulting from base motion occurring during a major seismic event. In particular, low cost semi-activ e control devices (such as varying dampers) are gaining popularity be cause they accomplish their control objectives by s trategically changing the properties of the structure under low po er requirements. However, these devices are lim ited in the amount of force that they can deliver compared to l arger (and more costly) active control devices. As a result, high actuator densities are often required to achieve ad equate control of a large structure using semi-acti ve control devices. This dense actuator network, coupled with sensors a nd the structure itself, represents a complex dynam ic system that is best controlled through a decentralized approach. In this study, a decentralized market-based control (MBC) solution is adopted for controlling tall buildings that employ ...

Proceedings of SPIE, 1997

We study the behavior of several organizations for a market based distributed control of unstable physical systems and show how a hierarchical organization is a reasonable compromise between rapid local responses with simple communication and the use of global knowledge. We also introduce a new control organization, the multihierarchy, and show that it uses less power than a hierarchy in achieving stability. The multihierarchy also has a position invariant response that can control disturbances at the appropriate scale and location.

3rd International Conference of Informatics in …, 2006

Sustainable Cloud and Energy Services: Principles and Practice, 2017

An extensible, decentralized network of self-governing objects connected to a shared but variable power supply is a realistic problem domain for certain demand-management problems arising in the context of futuristic systems connected to smart power grids. An algorithmic framework of such a network is presented and discussed in this paper. Each object of the network has a power demand and a priority, and it is interconnected and able to exchange information with all other objects in the system. As each object shares information (its power demand and priority) with the other objects, the system as a whole exhibits self-governance, and is able to be managed without a centralized controller. Our model, which we term as decentralized power distribution (DPD) for such a network, also allows us to formulate algorithms for distributing available power among objects, along with analyses of correctness and performance.

2011

We have already proposed the framework of autonomous decentralized control based on local-interaction as a novel control mechanism for communication networks. This framework is based on the relation between local interaction and the solution yielded by a partial differential equation. In this framework, the behavior of the whole system is indirectly controlled by appropriately designing the autonomous operation of the subsystems. That is, the local action rules (micro-level) are designed to produce an appropriate state of the whole system at the macro-level. In previous studies, we proposed flow control based on a diffusion equation to realize autonomous congestion avoidance in networks. This paper proposes a new autonomous decentralized structure forming method based on our framework. First, we introduce the renormalization transformation of the diffusion phenomenon for a one-dimensional network model and propose autonomous decentralized forming of a structure that has finite spatial size. In addition, to apply this method to a general network topology, we first extend the one-dimensional network model to a n-dimensional Euclid space and derive the control rule that can be applied to a general network by using the discretization method. As an application example, we demonstrate the autonomous decentralized clustering of a sensor network for a two-dimensional lattice network model and show the characteristics of the proposed method in this application.

2005

Abstract: From a control system perspective, spatially distributed systems offer challenges because of their distributed nature, nonlinearity, and high order. In addition, the control structure for these spatially distributed networks combine discrete and distributed components, in the form of complex arrays of sensors and actuators.

Journal of Vibroengineering

Developed in the artificial intelligence community, an intelligent agent is an autonomous abstract or software entity that observes through sensors and acts upon an environment in an adaptive or intelligent manner. In a centralized control system, one central controller uses the global measurement data collected from all the sensors installed in the structure to make control decisions and to dispatch them to control devices. The centralized controller itself represents a single point of potential failure. To overcome this shortcoming, decentralized control is used to improve redundancy. This paper introduces three ideas to vibration control of smart structures: agent technology, replicator dynamics from evolutionary game theory, and energy minimization. It presents two new methods: 1) a single-agent Centralized Replicator Controller (CRC) and a decentralized Multi-Agent Replicator Controller (MARC) for vibration control of smart structures. The use of agents and a decentralized approach enhances the robustness of the entire vibration control system. The proposed control methodologies are applied to vibration control of a 3-story steel frame and a 20-story steel benchmark structure subjected to two sets of seismic loadings: historic earthquake accelerograms and artificial earthquakes and compared with the corresponding centralized and decentralized conventional Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control algorithm.

Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 2020

Self-Organizing Systems, 2008

Miniaturized, wirelessly networked embedded systems combined with Peer-to-Peer computing principles have started to pervade into objects of everyday use, like tools, appliances or the environment, thus implementing ensembles of autonomous, interacting "networked things". With the development of the Peer-it framework, integrating a self-contained, miniaturized, universal and scalable embedded systems hardware platform, basically containing sensors, actuators, computing and wireless communication facilities, and a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) based software architecture, we have proposed a "stick-on" solution for the implementation of networks of things (NoTs). The Peer-it design and miniaturization ultimately aim to yield a "smart label", ready to be sticked on to literally every "thing" as a NoT enabler. The paper addresses the issue of spatial awareness of objects within NoTs, and proposes abstractions of space based on (i) topology, (ii) distance and (iii) orientation. Experiments are conducted to investigate on the ability of objects in a NoT to self-organize based on their spatial orientation.