Light Side Emitting Textile Structures

Autex Research Journal

Polymeric optical fibre (POF) is used for simple light guide and illumination applications. The polymer optical fibre materials can be utilised in flexible lighting elements which can be combined with textile structures. The POF woven fabrics are introduced as a flexible alternative to lighting elements. Various light-emitting woven fabric and light emission theories has been discussed. Simple polymethyl-metacrylate PMMA and polycarbonate PC fibres have been produced experimentally through single-screw and conical extrusion. The fibre is integrated in woven structures by means of handloom, narrow fabric weaving and Jacquard technology. The manufacturing technology suitable for lightemitting textile applications and its opportunities in textile integration is discussed.

Acta facultatis medicae …

Development of new textile reinforced composites by changing matrix and reinforcement has led to the production of composites which fall into different conceptual models. (Bio)degradable composites with fibrous insertions are obtained by introducing textile fibers (flax, jute, hemp, etc.) in a polymer matrix alone or in conjunction with thin wood chips, dust or sawdust. Laminated (bio)degradable composites are made by consolidating two or more layers of wood veneer and textile insertions through a polymeric matrix. Boards of (bio)degradable composites are obtained by pressing the fibrous material and woody chips that are oriented perpendicular to the reciprocal surfaces (boards made of wood chips and textiles, or textile and wood fibers, extruded sheets, etc.). Molded (bio)degradable composites have complex forms, which are obtained by stratification, agglomeration, extrusion etc.

International Journal of Polymer Science

Right from the early days, polymer materials have been discovered as being beneficial for various applications but a poor understanding of these materials greatly handicapped their usage. However, with a change in this trend, polymer materials have gradually displaced other materials in most applications. In recent times, due to improved research and knowledge, polymer-based materials are the first choice materials for several applications and are now replacing other materials rapidly. More advanced materials from polymers are being developed daily as a substitute for other materials even in areas where polymers are considered not to be suitable in the time past. More recently, polymers have replaced metals and ceramics in applications like constructions, aerospace, automobiles, and medical. It is no doubt that this trend will continue due to the inherent properties of polymers and sustainability potential. Today, most of the limitations of polymers are being taken care of in the fo...

Micromachines, 2021

E-textiles represent an emerging technology aiming toward the development of fabric with augmented functionalities, enabling the integration of displays, sensors, and other electronic components into textiles. Healthcare, protective clothing, fashion, and sports are a few examples application areas of e-textiles. Light-emitting textiles can have different applications: sensing, fashion, visual communication, light therapy, etc. Light emission can be integrated with textiles in different ways: fabricating light-emitting fibers and planar light-emitting textiles or employing side-emitting polymer optical fibers (POFs) coupled with light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Different kinds of technology have been investigated: alternating current electroluminescent devices (ACELs), inorganic and organic LEDs, and light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). The different device working principles and architectures are discussed in this review, highlighting the most relevant aspects and the possible...

Express Polymer Letters, 2007

Self-reinforced polypropylene composites (SRPPC) were hot pressed from textile layers (carded mat, knitted fabrics) at three different temperatures (160, 165 and 170°C) by setting a constant pressure (6 MPa) and constant holding time (2 min). Both textiles consist of two kinds of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) fibers differing in their orientation. In these compositions the highly oriented iPP works as reinforcement and the less oriented one fulfills the role of the matrix after hot consolidation. Two textile assemblies, viz. carded (also needle punched) mats and knitted fabrics were hot pressed; and the properties of the resultant SRPPC plates were investigated under tensile and falling weight impact conditions. The microstructure of the SRPPC was analyzed by light microscopy using polished sections and by SEM using cut surfaces.

2013

This paper intended to give an insight of the textile material utilization as reinforcement in the composite materials. The discussion on textile definition and categorization will give some ideas for the reader to recognize textile materials and its role in this system. Simple categorization is referred to which textile materials are clustered into fibre, yarn and fabric regardless whether it is made synthetically or naturally. For every basic textile material form, few selected recent works have been discussed to show the utilization of textile material in research and industry. Composite made of textile fibres form is limited to low and medium load bearing application due to the difficulties of controlling the alignment, dispersion and distribution of fibres. Whereas yarn reinforcement gives more control on the composite materials due to the fibres is aligned in a yarn but the issue is more on the limited fabrication method. Utilization of textile fabric in composite as reinforce...

Polymer, 2005

Self-reinforced composites have been fabricated by compaction of oriented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers under pressure at temperatures near, but below, their melting point. The originally white fiber bundles, which were about 40% crystalline, show increased crystallinity (55%) but optical translucency after processing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) were used to study the crystallization and orientation of the fibers, revealing that the degree of crystallinity was somewhat insensitive to compaction conditions while the melting point increased substantially with increasing compaction temperature. Crystalline orientation, gauged using the Hermans orientation parameter from WAXD data, indicated that no significant loss in orientation of the crystalline fraction occurs due to compaction. Mechanical characterization revealed a stepwise decrease in flexural modulus (9.4-8.1 GPa) and concomitant increase in transverse modulus and strength on increasing the compaction temperature from 255 to 259 8C. This transition in behavior was accompanied by a loss of optical transparency and a change in the distribution of amorphous fraction from fine intrafibrillar domains to coarse interfibrillar domains as seen with electron microscopy. We argue then that the mechanical properties of PET compactions are influenced more by orientation of the amorphous phase than that of the crystalline phase. The impact properties of compacted materials, characterized using an unnotched Charpy test method, showed remarkable impact resistance after compaction, with impact toughness decreasing as compaction temperature was increased.

—A method for controlling the elastic deformation properties of polymer‒fiber composites was developed. The rigidity of the material is increased by the penetration of the reinforcing polymer into the pore structure of the textile substrate to form а branched interfacial layer. The nanoparticle size distribution in the polymer hydrosol products was analyzed by dynamic light scattering, the porosity of fibrous materials was measured by low temperature of adsorption and desorption of nitrogen vapor, and the polymer‒polymer interactions were studied by IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The method was implemented in the development of a new range of garment interfacings and allowed solution of engineering problems associated with imparting to garments a complex geometric shape and its retention in wear.

AL-MUKHTAR JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH, 2021

This Advanced aerospace structural components and sub-assemblies are increasingly made from carbon fibre reinforcements embedded in a polymer resin matrix, often a thermosetting epoxy. Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) offer numerous advantages, foremost amongst which are their high stiffness and high strength combined with the low densities of the constituent fibre and matrix materials. As a result, PMCs enable lower fuel consumption coupled with higher payloads, providing an important economic advantage over typical metallic airframes. Manufacturing processes for advanced textile reinforcements that feature novel characteristics such as yarns oriented along the thickness, higher thicknesses that correspond to those needed for producing PMC parts from a single piece or layer of reinforcement, as well as complex shapes and near net-shape contours that correspond more or less closely to those of the PMC parts to be produced, are evolving very rapidly. Different textile solutions are being devised depending on the structural performance needed of each final PMC part, on the composite manufacturing process used for making a given PMC part, and most fundamentally on the shape of the specific part to be produced. This paper provides a review of general background literature covering the different types of 3D reinforcement textiles, along with current developments being made regarding 3D reinforcement textiles and non-crimp fabrics (NCFs).

In this paper, textile reinforcement material and composites have been described and briefly explained. The existing technologies in terms of processes and product performance in field of textile discussed. It is pointed out that more research and developments have been concentrated on 3D preform made up by weaving, knitting, braiding and nonwoven techniques to achieved near net shape, improved mechanical performance and light weight which are suitable in high performance application. Moreover, a textile preform architecture can vary from a simple planar sheet to a complex three dimensional shape according to yarn place in the structure and the geometrical arrangements of yarns in the final products. This paper also highlights the innovations in Textile Structural composite designing and their areas of application..