Towards the Adaptive Semantic Web

User Modeling 2003, 2003

Adaptation/personalization is one of the main issues for web services. Adaptive web applications have the ability to deal with different users' needs for enhancing usability and comprehension and for dealing with large repositories.

Semantic Web, 2010

Historically, personalization and adaptation have been important factors for the success of the Web and therefore they have been important topics in Web research. Many research efforts in the field of adaptive hypermedia and adaptive Webbased systems have resulted in solutions for user-adapted access to Web content, often in terms of systems that provide an adaptive hypermedia structure of content pages and hyperlinks. With pages and links that depend on the user, it is feasible to offer a high degree of personalization. Next to research into engineering and realizing adaptation, research into user modeling has been crucial for the success of adaptation. To apply the right adaptation it is necessary to know the user and her relevant properties and the research field of user modeling has focused on theories and techniques for eliciting knowledge about the user. Naturally, the research fields of adaptive Web-based systems and user modeling have always lived in close harmony. In order to create a similar success with personalization and adaptation in relation to the Semantic Web, adaptation and user modeling have to be redefined, with consequences for the research into these topics. In particular, the nature of user modeling changes significantly with the extended distribution and openness that we encounter on the Web of Data, with implications from problems studied in Web science. Promising research shows how Semantic Web-based solutions can aid in the representation of user properties for sharing and linking of user models. In this vision paper we outline the evolution of user modeling and adaptation in connection to the Semantic Web and list research questions and challenges for the relevant research fields.

Proceedings of the SWEL Workshop at …, 2004

Ontologies and metadata standards for the Web can be used to achieve personalization and reuse of content in Educational Adaptive Hypermedia Systems. Web Ontologies can represent the knowledge of the system concerning the educational content, the domain to be taught, and the learner's profile enabling intelligent behavior in building personalized learning objects. Interoperability to reuse of content can be achieved by having the ontologies terminology based on pre-existing standard vocabularies. This paper describes how Semantic Web technologies were applied to the Adaptive Hypermedia System AdaptWeb.

Annals of Mathematics, 2004

The Semantic Web vision of a next generation Web, in which machines are enabled to understand the meaning of information in order to better interoperate and better support humans in carrying out their tasks, is very appealing and fosters the imagination of smarter applications that can retrieve, process and present information in enhanced ways. In this vision, a particular attention should be devoted to personalization: By bringing the user's needs into the center of interaction processes, personalized Web systems overcome the one-size-fits-all paradigm and provide individually optimized access to Web data and information. In this paper, we provide an overview of recent trends for establishing personalization on the Semantic Web: Based on a discussion on reasoning with rule-and query languages for the Semantic Web, we outline an architecture for service-based personalization, and show results in personalizing Web applications.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2008

Adaptive hypermedia systems can alleviate information overload on the Web by personalising the delivery of resources to the user. These systems are however afflicted with difficulties in the acquisition of user data as well as the general lack of user control on and transparency of the systems' adaptive behavior. In this paper, we argue that the use of rules on top of ontologies can enable adaptive functionality that is both transparent and controllable for users. To this end, we sketch ODAS, a domain ontology for adaptive hypermedia systems, and a model for the specification of adaptation rules.

Educational Technology & Society, 2004

Semantic Web and Adaptive Hypermedia come from different backgrounds, but it turns out that actually, they can benefit from each other, and that their confluence can lead to synergistic effects. This encounter can influence several fields, among which an important one is Education. This paper presents an analysis of this encounter, first from a theoretical point of view, and then with the help of LAOS, an Adaptive Hypermedia (authoring) framework that has already taken many steps towards accomplishing the goals of the Semantic Web. Here we also show how the LAOS framework, and more specifically, its implementation, MOT (My Online Teacher), can be re-written in Semantic Web languages, as an exercise of bringing Adaptive Hypermedia and the Semantic Web closer together.

2005

This paper proposes a semantic framework built on multidimensional ontological matrices for the design of adaptive systems. The core of the framework is composed by three matrices whose different planes contain the ontological representation of different types of knowledge. On these planes we represent user features, her actions, context, device, content domain, adaptation goals and methods. The intersection between planes allows us to represent semantic rules for inferring new user features and to define adaptation strategies. We exploit OWL to represent taxonomic knowledge and SWRL for rules. The framework presents a new approach to build adaptive web-based systems that support interoperability.

shared ontologies and reasoning strategies (generated by the framework and semantically represented), which can be accessed and re-used by other applications. This paper proposes a semantic framework built on multidimensional ontological planes for the design of adaptive systems. The core of the framework is composed by three matrices whose different planes contain the ontological representation of different types of knowledge. On these planes we represent user features, her actions, context, device, content domain, adaptation goals and methods. The join between planes allows us to represent semantic rules for inferring new user features and to define adaptation strategies. We exploit OWL (Ontology Web Language) to represent taxonomic knowledge and SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) for rules. The framework presents a new approach to build adaptive hypermedia systems that support interoperability. In particular the framework manages two types of adaptation knowledge: i)knowledge regarding which features of the system have to be adapted and which dimensions (user, context, device, etc.) have to be taken into account to perform adaptation; ii)knowledge regarding adaptation strategies and rules for relating user features to other user features, extending the user model and inferring new knowledge from the available one. We represent (i) the declarative descriptions of adaptve system dimensions with ontologies expressed in a standard semantic markup language for the Semantic Web, OWL 1 , and (ii) the inference rules with SWRL 2 , a proposal for a semantic rule language.

Adaptive and Personalized Semantic …, 2006

Educational Technology & Society, 2004

The challenge of the semantic web is the provision of distributed information with well-defined meaning, understandable for different parties. Particularly, applications should be able to provide individually optimized access to information by taking the individual needs and requirements of the users into account. In this paper we propose a framework for personalized e-Learning in the semantic web and show how the semantic web resource description formats can be utilized for automatic generation of hypertext structures from distributed metadata. Ontologies and metadata for three types of resources (domain, user, and observation) are investigated. We investigate a logic-based approach to educational hypermedia using TRIPLE, a rule and query language for the semantic web.