The Survey of Real Time Operating System: RTOS

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023

A real-time operating system (RTOS) is an integral part of a real-time embedded system (RTES). The majority of RTESs operate in dynamic contexts, thus it is impossible to predict in advance how much work will require computing. As a result, RTOSs greatly aid in the smooth operation of the RTES through efficient resource management and job scheduling techniques. This article looks at the current RTOS design issues and their application. The most recent RTOSs in a wide range of categories are thoroughly reviewed and explained. The post features a comparison study with their possibilities discussed so that interested readers may use it as a convenient starting place for their research on this subject.

Embedded Systems - Theory and Design Methodology, 2012

Real-Time Operating Systems and Programming Languages for Embedded Systems hardware architecture, as it is the case of RTSJ. This is undoubtedly a new scenario in the development of embedded real time systems. There is a wide range of hardware possibilities in the market (microcontrollers, microprocessors and DSPs); also there are many different programming languages, like C, C++, C#, Java, Ada; and there are more than forty real-time operating systems (RTOS) like RT-Linux, Windows Embedded or FreeRTOS. This chapter offers a road-map for the design of real-time embedded systems evaluating the pros and cons of the different programming languages and operating systems. Organization: This chapter is organized in the following way. Section 2 describes the main characteristics that a real-time operating system should have. Section 3 discusses the scope of some of the more well known RTOSs. Section 4 introduces the languages used for real-time programming and compares the main characteristics. Section 5 presents and compares different alternatives for the implementation of real-time Java. Finally, Section 6 concludes.

This study presents a quantitative and qualitative comparative analysis of Real Time Operating systems (RTOS) of some selected operating systems in order to determine their performance in executing a task(s) over real time. In so doing, the studied systems which include Windows XP, Window 8, Window 7 professional and window 10 which are largely used in industrial and academic environments were selected and analysed using a function generator and Oscilloscope connected to the analysed system as a reference for conventional non-real-time operating system. The evaluations from the setup include real run time, worst case response times for latency, latency jitter and response time. Results from this study will be used as a generalization for the performance of such operating system on real time and thus, a consideration from this work will inform the choice of the most suitable RTOS for mission critical or non-critical embedded tasks.

IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 1979

Two dedicated real-time operating systems (RTOS) are analysed and compared with logical model obtained in TC-8, Purdue Europe. Specialisation is mainly concentrated to Process Management, Exception Handling and operator-RTOS interface. It is concluded that dedicated RTOS, absolutely necessary in some cases, has in all applications certain advantag e s. Consequently, the possibility to dedicate an ope rating system should be considered as an essential RTOS design problem.

Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design - ICCAD '98, 1998

We survey the state-of-the-art in real-time operating systems (RTOSs) from the system synthesis point of view. RTOSs have a very long research history which provides important theoretical results and useful industrial implementations. Convergence of applications, technology, and market trends of embedded systems implies a strong need for new generation of RTOS. Therefore, new system synthesis problem areas, notably hardware/software co-design and synthesis for systems-on-silicon (SOS), are opening up new avenues for RTOS research and development. This paper starts with a survey of classical academic and industrial RTOS work and continues with a survey of recent results related to co-design and design systems-on-silicon. We conclude by outlining future directions for the SOS RTOS.

2001

finished. It is possible to avoid the problem by adding break points to the event handling code where the handling of urgent events can take place. On the other hand, the problem is not critical, if a powerful processor is available. The real-time properties of most embedded systems are based on the use of real-time operating systems. Application of such operating systems requires high expertise and much time. The resulting software is often heavy and hard to maintain. In this paper we present a class of application specific operating systems called ReaGOS. ReaGOS is based on a new architecture and an operating principle, where the operating system calls application programs but not vice versa. The new architecture saves both data and code memory and it is fast enough for embedded systems. The operating system is generated automatically from a high level graphical specification. Another method uses interrupt mechanisms to handle I/O driver events [5]. This method has some disadvanta...

2006

In order to enhance performance and improve predictability of the real time systems, implementing some critical operating system functionalities, like time management and task scheduling, in software and others in hardware is an interesting approach. Scheduling decision for real-time embedded software applications is an important problem in real-time operating system (RTOS) and has a great impact on system performance. In this paper, we evaluate the pros and cons of migrating RTOS scheduler implementation from software to hardware. We investigate three different RTOS scheduler implementation approaches: (i) implemented in software running in the same processor of the application tasks, (ii) implemented in software running in a co-processor, and (iii) implemented in hardware, while application tasks are running on a processor. We demonstrate the effectiveness of each approach by simulating and analyzing a set of benchmarks representing different embedded application classes.

EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems, 2008

The rapid progress in processor and sensor technology combined with the expanding diversity of application fields is placing enormous demands on the facilities that an embedded operating system must provide.

2009 IEEE 13th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics, 2009

Real-time operating system (RTOS) is gaining increasing use not only in 32-bit systems but also in 16-bit systems. RTOS is different from generic OS by several unique characteristics and the use of RTOS in embedded system development proves to be more advantageous. In this paper, 9 RTOSes targeting smaller processors have been evaluated and four of the RTOSes have been selected for performance benchmarking on the same M16/62P microcontroller platform to avoid bias. Based on the comparison, the µTKernel RTOS is chosen for porting to the H8S/2377 16-bit microcontroller to demonstrate the ease of RTOS platform migration. The same version of µTKernel RTOS running on different platforms are then compared. Lastly, an application is developed with the RTOS to demonstrate the ease of multi-task application development on such microcontroller platform.

The EOS project is investigating the design and construction of a family of real-time distributed embedded operating systems for reliable, distributed aerospace Distributed Systems D. A Physical Device Model for Path Pascal E. Lightweight processes in an object-oriented system ! ! ! Project EOS: Mid-Year Report Project EOS: Mid-Year Report G based operating system design. The motivation for this evolution is that current operating systems are difficult to adapt to new, multi-computer/multi-processor architectures and reliable applications. The structure of many of today's operating systems are based on a sixties perception of time-sharing and real-time operation. Instead of a centralized timesharing or real-time operating system model, research is concentrating on a model systems has improved and new operating system concepts introduced. However, improved understanding of the structure of an operating system is not, by itself, a motivating force to develop a new operating system. It is our belief that the change in communication bandwidth will change how resources within a computer system are managed and that this will provide the major motivation to redesign operating systems. Adaptive and reliable system architectures provide additional motivation to explore new operating system designs, It is our intention to build a prototype embedded operating system which can be used as a testbed to decide how best aerospace operating systems _^..