Academia.eduAcademia.edu

Outline

Title
Abstract
Introduction
Discussion and Conclusions
References
All Topics
Environmental Science
Environmental Studies

A Framework to Manage Coastal Squeeze

Profile image of Jorge Lopez-PortilloJorge Lopez-Portillo

2020, Sustainability

https://doi.org/10.3390/SU122410610
visibility

…

description

20 pages

link

1 file

Abstract

The coastal zone is in a critical state worldwide, due to the loss and fragmentation of its ecosystems. Much of this is caused by long-term anthropic local, regional, or global actions, which drive coastal squeeze processes. Most of the criteria to evaluate the effects of coastal squeeze are focused on merely identifying its effect on the coastal zone. Here, we propose a framework to manage (identify, analyze, quantify, and tackle) the effect of coastal squeeze. This DESCR framework examines the relations between Drivers, Exchanges, and States of the environment to subsequently evaluate the chronic, negative Consequences and determine possible Responses. To illustrate the application of the DESCR framework, the coastal zone of Puerto Morelos, in the Mexican Caribbean, was studied using this approach. We analyzed the systemic interactions among the coastal ecosystems in this area, such as coral reefs, seagrass beds, beach, coastal dunes, and mangroves, which have been altered over th...

Related papers

Concept and Integrety of the Coastal System
Klaus Schwarzer
View PDFchevron_right
Perspectives on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in South America
Marcos Mateus

From a human history perspective, the intrinsic characteristics of estuaries have made them preferable sites of occupation and, consequently, intense areas of development. A direct consequence of human occupation of these coastal areas is that estuaries rank among the environments most affected by human presence and activities. The fast expansion of socio-economic activities on coastal and estuarine areas over the last decades, such as tourism, nature conservation, coastal fisheries and industrial and urban development has expanded and complicated the management tasks. In recent years, there has been a growing concern to maintain a steady growth in economical activities and social development in estuarine areas, while preserving their natural features and ecological services. Given the acceptance by governments of the goal of sustainable development, a more sustainable coastal management strategy requires a more interdisciplinary and integrated management process. There are no easy answers to the question of what is best for a particular system from a resource’s management point of view. It is the task of scientists from different disciplines to present as complete a picture as possible to those who make decisions. The ECOMANAGE (Integrated Ecological Coastal Zone Management System) project described here, funded by the European Commission’s Sixth Framework Programme (Contract nº INCO-CT-2004-003715), aims to provide coastal authorities with the knowledge and tools for such an integrated management approach. The common goal was to work towards a social and environmental sustainable estuarine system management in three distinct transitional waters systems in South America: Santos Estuary in Brazil, Bahía Blanca Estuary in Argentina and Fjord Aysén in Chile. Besides their geographical location, these coastal systems cover a wide spectrum of management challenges because they vary significantly in their ecological state and human pressures, in a gradient that goes from a more pristine state of Fjord Aysén, to the heavily occupied and degraded system in Santos Estuary. The South American continent is endowed with a unique and valuable marine heritage, which enclose several of the world’s largest and most productive estuaries. The accelerated development in most Latin American countries is posing demanding challenges in the management of natural resources, especially in coastal areas. Integrated coastal management approaches are required, combining all aspects of the human, physical and biological aspects of the coastal zone within a single management framework. Integrated coastal management is presented here as a broad, multi-purpose endeavor aimed at improving the quality of life of communities dependent on estuarine resources and helping local decision maker attaining sustainable development of estuarine areas, from the headwaters of coastal watersheds to the outer marine areas. The work presented in this volume is a step in that direction. Hopefully, the knowledge, experience, tools and results presented here will be used in other places with similar conflicting uses of natural resources. Interdisciplinary and integration was the major thrust of ECOMANAGE. The project was originally assembled from scientifically promising and socially relevant research fields, with physical modelling and eutrophication as the core. The social sciences, human ecology and management oriented subjects were included to provide the project with the integrative principle. The work developed during the project formed the knowledge pool for this book. The volume is a collection of writings selected on the basis of novelty, relevance in a water resource management framework, and insightfulness. Contributions have also been included in order to survey the strengths and limitations of a range of existing coastal zone management practices operating in different local environmental and socio-economic contexts. The core message that is highlighted is that the management challenges posed are complex and multifaceted, encompassing physical forcing, natural hazard and variability and vulnerability, together with socio-cultural vulnerability problems. Being the result of a multidisciplinary scientific endeavor, the book will have an audience that range across a wide spectrum of environmental and social disciplines. The book should be of interest for anyone working in the field of ICZM (Integrated Coastal Zone Management), from scientists to decision makers. Dealing with examples from South America, the book has a strong local interest. However, the kind of approach developed in the project and portrayed in the book enables this work to be used as a benchmark for scientists working worldwide in related areas or facing the same challenges. The book addresses costal zone management in an integrative way, with particular focus on water resources. As such, we hope it will be of interest for scientists working in fields such as aquatic ecology, ecohydrology, ground water, marine sciences in general, water quality, coastal zone management, etc. In addition, the strong component of the modelling approach will target the modelling community, from ecosystem to ground water modelers.

View PDFchevron_right
Global environmental changes: setting priorities for Latin American coastal habitats
Jason Hall-Spencer

Global change biology, 2013

View PDFchevron_right
Sustainable coastal ecosystem management – An evolving paradigm and its application to Caribbean SIDS
Asha Singh

Ocean & Coastal Management, 2018

With our growing global population, over-consumption of natural resources and concomitant depletion, demands are placed on the scientific community to provide information, including suitable management of coastal ecosystems. However, the nature-society relationship is highly dynamic and complex and requires a framework which can accommodate options. In coastal systems, poor resource management is among the main causes of its degradation. As such, impacts arising from climate change, including sea-level rise, has forced an increase in the demand for sustainable coastal ecosystem science to inform management decisions. The realization of current and future sustainability objectives depends on the development and implementation of coherent strategies on managing dynamic ecosystems for retaining their ability to undergo disturbance, while maintaining their services, functions and control mechanisms. This paper provides a review of the basic assumptions, typical frameworks and methodologies that are adopted for (i) sustainability and sustainable management, (ii) ecosystem services and ecosystem management and (iii) coastal ecosystem management applications in Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Finally, limitations for sustainable coastal ecosystem management are discussed and recommendations are made which can inform research in sustainability science.

View PDFchevron_right
Anthropogenic impacts on Iberoamerican coastal areas: Historical processes, present challenges, and consequences for coastal zone management
Michel M Mahiques, Alejandro Cearreta

The coastal zone in Portugal, Spain, Brazil and Argentina is declared as a common resource. However, since the touristic boom started in the 1960s, these countries have not considered adequately the available management instruments due to the rapid demand for seaside spaces, the interest to improve rapidly the national economy, and the limitations of the scientific knowledge about the impacts on the natural systems. The environmental consequences of anthropogenically-triggered processes in Latin America occurred somewhat later than in southern Europe, but similar errors were repeated. The investors demanded rapid benefits, without care for social development or environmental protection, and disregarding scientific knowledge. As in other coastal areas of the world, there are strong concerns about the consequences of climate change and sea-level variations on these coasts, especially in areas of extensive urban development.

View PDFchevron_right
The role of the reef-dune system in coastal protection in Puerto Morelos (Mexico)
Christian Appendini

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions

Reefs and sand dunes are critical morphological features providing natural coastal protection. Reefs dissipate around 90 % of the incident wave energy through wave breaking, whereas sand dunes provide the final natural barrier against coastal flooding. The storm impact on coastal areas with these features depends on the relative elevation of the extreme water levels with respect to the sand dune morphology. However, despite the importance of the barrier reefs and dunes in coastal protection, poor management practices have degraded these ecosystems, increasing their vulnerability to coastal flooding. The present study aims to investigate the role of the reef-dune system in coastal protection under current climatic conditions at Puerto Morelos, located in the Mexican Caribbean Sea. Firstly, a nonlinear non-hydrostatic numerical model (SWASH) is validated with experimental data from a physical model of a fringing reef. The numerical model predicts both energy transformation and ...

View PDFchevron_right
Environmental and socioeconomic assessment of a poorly known coastal section in the southern Mexican Caribbean
Miguel-Ángel Ruiz-Zárate, Baruch Figueroa-Zavala, David Ecosur

The Uvero-Punta Piedras section, a low-developed coastal strip located in the southern area of Quintana Roo, Mexico, is experiencing habitat degradation driven by unplanned population sprawl, unregulated tourism expansion and overfishing. The main objective of this study is to provide an environmental (coastal vegetation and coral reef condition) and socioeconomic (human population condition) baseline data of a poorly documented and weakly managed zone by the use of a set of rapid assessment methodologies, looking to assist the regional efforts to manage these coastal resources. To achieve this goal we used a series of surveying methods including remote sensing, geographic information systems and in situ land/underwater surveys, to allow a broad characterization of the resources' condition in the study zone. Results showed that reef habitat was dominated by macro-algae (61.2 ± 7.6%), followed by soft coral (gorgonians, 12.4 ± 4.1%), hard coral (8.2 ± 5.1%) and sponges (2.5 ± 1.3%). Zooanthids and tunicates represented less than 1% of the total; coral and macro algae estimates suggest a decline from records of 15 years ago. Highest fish densities were (144 ± 124 individuals/100 m2), while lowest were (83 ± 25 individuals/100 m2). The total average fish density recorded could also be reflecting a decrease trend in the reef community structure. The main economic activities in the area are fishing and land clearing. From December 2003, 22% (corresponding to 44 ha) of the total original vegetation cover in the studied area was deforested. By February 2007, the deforested area increased 4.4 ha more. Should this tendency continue, by 2025 it would only maintain 24% of its total coastal vegetation cover representing a huge habitat loss. The future of economic activities in these areas lie directly on the establishment of appropriate management strategies for the protection and conservation of the renowned biodiversity that this area comprises.

View PDFchevron_right
Transverse Coastal Corridor: From Freshwater Lakes to Coral Reefs Ecosystems. In book: Biodiversity and Conservation of the Yucatán Peninsula, Chapter: 14, Publisher: Springer, Editors: Gerald Alexander Islebe, Sophie Calme, Jorge L. Leon-Cortes, Birgit Schmoak, pp.355-376
Miguel-Ángel Ruiz-Zárate, Alejandro Vega-Zepeda, Hector Hernandez A Arana, Jorge Herrera-silveira

Understanding the processes and mechanisms that determine coastal connectivity may help us to propose and establish more effective strategies for maintaining the environmental goods and services from coastal ecosystems. The eastern Yucatán Peninsula, from inland to sea range from: karstic freshwater lakes, brackish lagoons, estuarine coastal lagoons to reef lagoons. These ecosystems coalesced to form the largest and complex coastal ecosystems of the Yucatán Peninsula. The spatio-temporal structure of this complex ecosystem can be used as a model system to study connectivity processes through its hydrological, bio- geochemical and ecological interactions. Based on its structure we propose a conceptual model, which we call the “Transverse Coastal Corridor” as a meaningful strategy for research, coastal development and conservation in the southeastern Yucatán Peninsula. The corridor includes the second largest freshwater karstic lake in Mexico, Laguna Bacalar; the largest estuarine-coastal lagoon, Chetumal Bay, the largest extant freshwater microbialite ecosystem and the structurally most complex coral reef ecosystem of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System. Physical, chemical and biological exchanges and interactions across the corridor of terrestrial, freshwater, marine environments drive a diverse and complex set of ecological processes that determine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We consider that the conceptual model of The Transverse Coastal Corridor may be more appealing to the different actors involved in the regional scale as it recognizes the particular biological and ecological characteristics of the interrelated ecosystems by seeking a balance from protection, management efforts, and sustainable use of the natural resources whilst preserving ecosystem functioning.

View PDFchevron_right
Contrasting perspectives on mangroves in arid Northwestern Mexico: Implications for integrated coastal management
Alicia Castillo

Ocean & Coastal Management, 2011

Mangroves in Northwestern Mexico are vital to maintain coastal environments healthy, to provide nutrients for several food chains, and to supply valuable goods and services that sustain and improve human livelihoods. Many of these values offer a range of opportunities for economic development that attract workers, investors and developers. Recently, federal privatization policies have promoted an accelerated coastal development of this region to obtain large profits in short times, creating competing and overlapping interests to use coastal environments and control key resources. Such intense developments are modifying the ecological conditions of many coastal areas, threatening the provision of important ecosystem services to society. After years of centralized decisions, new paradigms are needed to achieve a coastal management that ensures long-term ecosystem maintenance, fair resource use and social equity. Recognizing the multiplicity of actors involved in coastal management and using a qualitative research methodology, we identified and explored the perspectives of different key stakeholders in the states of Baja California Sur and Sonora, Mexico, to better understand their views on mangroves use and management as well as the interaction among them. We discuss similarities and/or discrepancies found among stakeholders' perceptions by describing their central ideas and identifying overlapping interests that may create conflicts when defining development and conservation programs or formulating policies. This information also intends to encourage further research on the social-ecological system of the coasts in Northwestern Mexico and to contribute to address coastal management issues in integrated ways that consider the social dimension through documenting stakeholders' narratives in the future.

View PDFchevron_right
Coastal conservation
David Green

Frontiers of Biogeography, 2015

View PDFchevron_right

References (75)

  1. Defeo, O.; McLachlan, A.; Schoeman, D.S.; Schlacher, T.A.; Dugan, J.; Jones, A.; Lastra, M.; Scapini, F. Threats to sandy beach ecosystems: A review. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 2009, 81, 1-12. [CrossRef]
  2. Duke, N.C.; Meynecke, J.O.; Dittmann, S.; Ellison, A.M.; Anger, K.; Berger, U.; Cannicci, S.; Diele, K.; Ewel, K.C.; Field, C.D.; et al. A World Without Mangroves? Science 2007, 317, 41. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  3. Orth, R.J.; Carruthers, T.J.B.; Dennison, W.C.; Duarte, C.M.; Fourqurean, J.W.; Heck, K.L.; Hughes, A.R.; Kendrick, G.A.; Judson Kenworthy, W.; Olyarnik, S.; et al. A Global Crisis for Seagrass Ecosystems. BioScience 2006, 56, 987-996. [CrossRef]
  4. Pandolfi, J.M.; Bradbury, R.H.; Sala, E.; Hughes, T.P.; Bjorndal, K.A.; Cooke, R.G.; McArdle, D.; McClenachan, L.; Newman, M.J.H.; Paredes, G.; et al. Global Trajectories of the Long-Term Decline of Coral Reef Ecosystems. Science 2003, 301, 955. [CrossRef]
  5. Silva, R.; Martínez, M.L.; Hesp, P.A.; Catalan, P.; Osorio, A.F.; Martell, R.; Fossati, M.; Miot da Silva, G.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Pereira, P.; et al. Present and future challenges of coastal erosion in Latin America. J. Coast. Res. 2014, 1-16. [CrossRef]
  6. Silva, R.; Chávez, V.; Bouma, T.J.; Van Tussenbroek, B.I.; Arkema, K.K.; Martínez, M.L.; Oumeraci, H.; Heymans, J.J.; Osorio, A.F.; Mendoza, E.; et al. The incorporation of biophysical and social components in coastal management. Estuaries Coasts 2019, 42, 1695-1708. [CrossRef]
  7. Bruun, P. Sea-level rise as a cause of shore erosion. J. Waterw. Harb. Div. 1962, 88, 117-132.
  8. Mendoza, E.; Silva, R.; Enriquez-Ortiz, C.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Felix, A. Analysis of the hazards and vulnerability of the Cancun Beach System. In Extreme Events; Chavez, M., Ghil, M., Urrutia-Fucugauchi, J., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2015; pp. 125-136. [CrossRef]
  9. Reguero, B.G.; Secaira, F.; Toimil, A.; Escudero, M.; Díaz-Simal, P.; Beck, M.W.; Silva, R.; Storlazzi, C.; Losada, I.J. The Risk Reduction Benefits of the Mesoamerican Reef in Mexico. Front. Earth Sci. 2019, 7, 125. [CrossRef]
  10. Luijendijk, A.; Hagenaars, G.; Ranasinghe, R.; Baart, F.; Donchyts, G.; Aarninkhof, S. The State of the World's Beaches. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 6641. [CrossRef]
  11. Vousdoukas, M.I.; Ranasinghe, R.; Mentaschi, L.; Plomaritis, T.A.; Athanasiou, P.; Luijendijk, A.; Feyen, L. Sandy coastlines under threat of erosion. Nat. Clim. Chang. 2020, 10, 260-263. [CrossRef]
  12. Esteves, L.; Foord, J.; Walters, G. CHAPTER 8. Assessment of natural resources use for sustainable development-DPSIR framework for case studies in Portsmouth and Thames Gateway, UK. In Environmental Stresses and Resource Use in Coastal Urban and Peri-Urban Regions: DPSIR Approach to SECOA's 17 Case Studies;
  13. Lan, T.D., Olsson, G.A., Alpokay, S., Eds.; Sapienza Università Editrice: Rome, Italy, 2014; pp. 235-282.
  14. Smeets, E.; Weterings, R. Environmental Indicators: Typology and Overview; Tech. Rep. 25; European Environment Agency: Copenhagen, Denmark, 1999; Available online: http://reports.eea.eu.int:80/TEC25/en/ tech_25_text.pdf; https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/TEC25/download; (accessed on 17 December 2020).
  15. Patrício, J.; Elliott, M.; Mazik, K.; Papadopoulou, K.-N.; Smith, C.J. DPSIR-Two Decades of Trying to Develop a Unifying Framework for Marine Environmental Management? Front. Mar. Sci. 2016, 3, 177.
  16. Escudero Castillo, M.; Mendoza Baldwin, E.; Silva Casarin, R.; Posada Vanegas, G.; Arganis Juaréz, M. Characterization of Risks in Coastal Zones: A Review. CLEAN Soil Air Water 2012, 40, 894-905. [CrossRef]
  17. Cowell, P.J.; Thom, B.G. Morphodynamics of coastal evolution. In Coastal Evolution: Late Quaternary Shoreline Morphodynamics; Woodroffe, C.D., Carter, R.W.G., Eds.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 1995; pp. 33-86. [CrossRef]
  18. Kraus, N.C.; Larson, M.; Kriebel, D. Evaluation of beach erosion and accretion predictors. In Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments '91, Seattle, WA, USA, 25-27 June 1991; pp. 527-587.
  19. Odériz, I.; Silva, R.; Mortlock, T.R.; Mori, N. ENSO Impacts on Global Wave Climate and Potential Coastal Hazards. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 2020, e2020JC016464. [CrossRef]
  20. Jones, C.G.; Lawton, J.H.; Shachak, M. Organisms as ecosystem engineers. In Ecosystem Management: Selected Readings; Samson, F.B., Knopf, F.L., Eds.; Springer: New York, NY, USA, 1996; pp. 130-147. [CrossRef]
  21. Bouma, T.J.; Olenin, S.; Reise, K.; Ysebaert, T. Ecosystem engineering and biodiversity in coastal sediments: Posing hypotheses. Helgol. Mar. Res. 2009, 63, 95-106. [CrossRef]
  22. English Nature. Coastal Squeeze, Saltmarsh Loss and Special Protection Areas; English Nature Research Report No. 710; Royal Haskoning for English Nature: Peterborough, UK, 2006; p. 55.
  23. Lithgow, D.; Martínez, M.L.; Gallego-Fernández, J.B.; Silva, R.; Ramírez-Vargas, D.L. Exploring the co-occurrence between coastal squeeze and coastal tourism in a changing climate and its consequences. Tour. Manag. 2019, 74, 43-54. [CrossRef]
  24. Martínez, M.L.; Mendoza-Gonzalez, G.; Silva, R.; Mendoza, E. Land use changes and sea level rise may induce a "coastal squeeze" on the coasts of Veracruz, Mexico. Glob. Environ. Chang. 2014, 29, 180-188.
  25. Pontee, N.; Beck, M. Coastal Risk Reduction: Integrating Natural Defenses into a Sustainable Coastal Risk Management Framework, (September 2014), The Nature Conservancy 1-20. 2014. Available online: https://coastalresilience.org/integrating-natural-defenses-into-sustainable-coastal-risk-management- new-report/ (accessed on 17 December 2020).
  26. Saunders, M.I.; Leon, J.; Phinn, S.R.; Callaghan, D.P.; O'Brien, K.R.; Roelfsema, C.M.; Lovelock, C.E.; Lyons, M.B.; Mumby, P.J. Coastal retreat and improved water quality mitigate losses of seagrass from sea level rise. Glob. Chang. Biol. 2013, 19, 2569-2583. [CrossRef]
  27. Costanza, R.; De Groot, R.; Braat, L.; Kubiszewski, I.; Fioramonti, L.; Sutton, P.; Farber, S.; Grasso, M. Twenty years of ecosystem services: How far have we come and how far do we still need to go? Ecosyst. Serv. 2017, 28, 1-16. [CrossRef]
  28. Zanuttigh, B.; Nicholls, R.J.; Vanderlinden, J.-P.; Thompson, R.C.; Burcharth, H.F. Coastal Risk Management in a Changing Climate; Butterworth-Heinemann: Oxford, UK, 2014; p. 670. [CrossRef]
  29. Monteiro, R.; Ferreira, J.C. Green Infrastructure Planning as a Climate Change and Risk Adaptation Tool in Coastal Urban Areas. J. Coast. Res. 2020, 95, 889-893. [CrossRef]
  30. Ruckelshaus, M.H.; Guannel, G.; Arkema, K.; Verutes, G.; Griffin, R.; Guerry, A.; Silver, J.; Faries, J.; Brenner, J.; Rosenthal, A. Evaluating the Benefits of Green Infrastructure for Coastal Areas: Location, Location, Location. Coast. Manag. 2016, 44, 504-516. [CrossRef]
  31. Silva, R.; Lithgow, D.; Esteves, L.S.; Martínez, M.L.; Moreno-Casasola, P.; Martell, R.; Pereira, P.; Mendoza, E.; Campos-Cascaredo, A.; Winckler-Grez, P.; et al. Coastal risk mitigation by green infrastructure in Latin America. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Maritime Engineering; Thomas Telford Ltd.: London, UK, 2017; Volume 170, pp. 39-54. [CrossRef]
  32. Barbier, E.B.; Koch, E.W.; Silliman, B.R.; Hacker, S.D.; Wolanski, E.; Primavera, J.; Granek, E.F.; Polasky, S.; Aswani, S.; Cramer, L.A.; et al. Coastal Ecosystem-Based Management with Nonlinear Ecological Functions and Values. Science 2008, 319, 321. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  33. Temmerman, S.; Meire, P.; Bouma, T.J.; Herman, P.M.J.; Ysebaert, T.; De Vriend, H.J. Ecosystem-based coastal defence in the face of global change. Nature 2013, 504, 79-83. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  34. Schoonees, T.; Gijón Mancheño, A.; Scheres, B.; Bouma, T.J.; Silva, R.; Schlurmann, T.; Schüttrumpf, H. Hard structures for coastal protection, towards greener designs. Estuaries Coasts 2019, 42, 1709-1729. [CrossRef]
  35. Cerdeira-Estrada, S.; Heege, t.; Kolb, M.; Ohlendorf, S.; Uribe, A.; Müller, A.; Garza, R.; Ressl, R.; Aguirre, R.; Mariño, I.; et al. Benthic habitat and bathymetry mapping of shallow waters in Puerto morelos reefs using remote sensing with a physics based data processing. In Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Munich, Germany, 22-27 July 2012; pp. 4383-4386.
  36. Cruz, C.J.; Mendoza, E.; Silva, R.; Chávez, V. Assessing Degrees of Anthropization on the Coast of Mexico from Ecosystem Conservation and Population Growth Data. J. Coast. Res. 2019, 92, 136-144. [CrossRef]
  37. Jordán-Dahlgren, E.; Rodríguez-Martínez, R.E. The Atlantic coral reefs of Mexico. In Latin American Coral Reefs; Cortés, J., Ed.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2003; pp. 131-158. [CrossRef]
  38. Rodríguez-Martínez, R.E.; Ruíz-Rentería, F.; Van Tussenbroek, B.; Barba-Santos, G.; Escalante-Mancera, E.; Jordán-Garza, G.; Jordán-Dahlgren, E. Environmental state and tendencies of the Puerto Morelos CARICOMP site, Mexico. Rev. Biol. Trop. 2010, 58 (Suppl. 3), 23-43.
  39. Alcerreca, J.C.; Silva, R.; Mendoza, E. Simple settling velocity formula for calcareous sand. J. Hydraul. Res. 2013, 51, 215-219. [CrossRef]
  40. Ruiz de Alegria-Arzaburu, A.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Enriquez, C.; Silva, R.; González-Leija, M. The role of fringing coral reefs on beach morphodynamics. Geomorphology 2013, 198, 69-83. [CrossRef]
  41. Coronado, C.; Candela, J.; Iglesias-Prieto, R.; Sheinbaum, J.; López, M.; Ocampo-Torres, F.J. On the circulation in the Puerto Morelos fringing reef lagoon. Coral Reefs 2007, 26, 149-163. [CrossRef]
  42. Silva, R.; Ruíz, G.; Posada, G.; Pérez, D.; Rivillas, G.; Espinal, J.; Mendoza, E. Atlas de Clima Marítimo de la Vertiente Atlántica Mexicana; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: Mexico City, Mexico, 2008.
  43. Mariño-Tapia, I.; Enriquez, C.; Silva, R.; Mendoza-Baldwin, E.; Escalante-Mancera, E.; Ruiz-Renteria, F. Comparative morphodynamics between exposed and reef protected beaches under hurrricane conditions. Coast. Eng. Proc. 2014, 1. [CrossRef]
  44. Miret-Villaseñor, D.; Enriquez, C.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Silva, R.; Ruiz, G. Interactions between Nearshore and Shelf Dynamics under Hurricane Conditions: Implications for Exposed and Reef Protected Beaches. J. Coast. Res. 2019, 92, 55-67. [CrossRef]
  45. Silva, R.; Mendoza, E.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Martínez, M.L.; Escalante, E. An artificial reef improves coastal protection and provides a base for coral recovery. J. Coast. Res. 2016, 467-471. [CrossRef]
  46. Van Tussenbroek, B.I. Dynamics of seagrasses and associated algae in coral reef lagoons. Hidrobiológica 2011, 21, 293-310.
  47. Chávez, V.; Uribe-Martínez, A.; Cuevas, E.; Rodríguez-Martínez, R.E.; Van Tussenbroek, B.I.; Francisco, V.; Estévez, M.; Celis, L.B.; Monroy-Velázquez, L.V.; Leal-Bautista, R.; et al. Massive Influx of Pelagic Sargassum spp. on the Coasts of the Mexican Caribbean 2014-2020: Challenges and Opportunities. Water 2020, 12, 2908.
  48. Alvarez-Filip, L.; Estrada-Saldívar, N.; Pérez-Cervantes, E.; Molina-Hernández, A.; González-Barrios, F.J.J.P. A rapid spread of the stony coral tissue loss disease outbreak in the Mexican Caribbean. PeerJ 2019, 7, 341-345. [CrossRef]
  49. Osorio-Cano, J.D.; Alcérreca-Huerta, J.C.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Osorio, A.F.; Acevedo-Ramírez, C.; Enriquez, C.; Costa, M.; Pereira, P.; Mendoza, E.; Escudero, M.; et al. Effects of Roughness Loss on Reef Hydrodynamics and Coastal Protection: Approaches in Latin America. Estuaries Coasts 2019, 42, 1742-1760. [CrossRef]
  50. Silva, R.; Borthwick, A.G.L.; Taylor, R.E. Numerical implementation of the harmonic modified mild-slope equation. Coast. Eng. 2005, 52, 391-407. [CrossRef]
  51. Martell, R.; Mendoza, E.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Odériz, I.; Silva, R. How Effective Were the Beach Nourishments at CANCUN? J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8, 388. [CrossRef]
  52. Kramer, P.; McField, M.; Álvarez-Filip, L.; Drysdale, I.; Rueda-Flores, M.; Giró, A.; Pott, R. 2015 Report Card for the Mesoamerican Reef. In Healthy Reefs Initiative; Okinawa, Japan. 2015, pp. 1118-1123. Available online: www.healthyreefs.org (accessed on 17 December 2020).
  53. Van Tussenbroek, B.I.; Hernández Arana, H.A.; Rodríguez-Martínez, R.E.; Espinoza-Avalos, J.; Canizales-Flores, H.M.; González-Godoy, C.E.; Barba-Santos, M.G.; Vega-Zepeda, A.; Collado-Vides, L. Severe impacts of brown tides caused by Sargassum spp. on near-shore Caribbean seagrass communities. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2017, 122, 272-281. [CrossRef]
  54. James, R.K.; Silva, R.; Van Tussenbroek, B.I.; Escudero-Castillo, M.; Mariño-Tapia, I.; Dijkstra, H.A.; Van Westen, R.M.; Pietrzak, J.D.; Candy, A.S.; Katsman, C.A.; et al. Maintaining Tropical Beaches with Seagrass and Algae: A Promising Alternative to Engineering Solutions. BioScience 2019, 69, 136-142.
  55. López-Portillo, J.; Lewis, R.R.; Saenger, P.; Rovai, A.; Koedam, N.; Dahdouh-Guebas, F.; Agraz-Hernández, C.; Rivera-Monroy, V.H. Mangrove forest restoration and rehabilitation. In Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Biogeographic Perspective: Structure, Function, and Services; Rivera-Monroy, V.H., Lee, S.Y., Kristensen, E., Twilley, R.R., Eds.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland, 2017; pp. 301-345. [CrossRef]
  56. Pérez-Ceballos, R.; Zaldívar-Jiménez, A.; Canales-Delgadillo, J.; López-Adame, H.; López-Portillo, J.; Merino-Ibarra, M. Determining hydrological flow paths to enhance restoration in impaired mangrove wetlands. PLoS ONE 2020, 15, e0227665. [CrossRef]
  57. Pontee, N. Defining coastal squeeze: A discussion. Ocean Coast. Manag. 2013, 84, 204-207. [CrossRef]
  58. Martínez, M.L.; Silva, R.; López-Portillo, J.; Feagin, R.A.; Martínez, E. Coastal Ecosystems as an Ecological Membrane. J. Coast. Res. 2020, 95, 97-101. [CrossRef]
  59. Maxwell, P.S.; Eklöf, J.S.; Van Katwijk, M.M.; O'Brien, K.R.; De la Torre-Castro, M.; Boström, C.; Bouma, T.J.; Krause-Jensen, D.; Unsworth, R.K.F.; Van Tussenbroek, B.I.; et al. The fundamental role of ecological feedback mechanisms for the adaptive management of seagrass ecosystems-A review. Biol. Rev. 2017, 92, 1521-1538.
  60. Blanchon, P.; Eisenhauer, A.; Fietzke, J.; Liebetrau, V. Rapid sea-level rise and reef back-stepping at the close of the last interglacial highstand. Nature 2009, 458, 881-884. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  61. Oumeraci, H.; Kortenhaus, A.; Burzel, A.; Naulin, M.; Dassanayake, D.R.; Jensen, J.; Wahl, T.; Mudersbach, C.; Gönnert, G.; Gerkensmeier, B.; et al. XtremRisK-Integrated flood risk analysis for extreme storm surges at open coasts and in estuaries: Methodology, key results and lessons learned. Coast. Eng. J. 2015, 57, 1-23.
  62. Brinson, M.M.; Christian, R.R.; Blum, L.K. Multiple States in the Sea-Level Induced Transition from Terrestrial Forest to Estuary. Estuaries 1995, 18, 648-659. [CrossRef]
  63. Soulsby, R.L.; Sutherland, J.; Brampton, A.H. Coastal Steepening-The UK View; Report TR 91; HR Wallingford Ltd.: Wallingford, UK, 1999.
  64. DEFRA. Guidance Note on Managed Realignment: Land Purchase, Compensation and Payment for Alternative Beneficial Land Use; DEFRA: London, UK, 2003.
  65. Doody, J.P. 'Coastal squeeze'-An historical perspective. J. Coast. Conserv. 2004, 10, 129-138. [CrossRef]
  66. Doody, J.P. Coastal squeeze and managed realignment in southeast England, does it tell us anything about the future? Ocean Coast. Manag. 2013, 79, 34-41. [CrossRef]
  67. English Nature. Conservation of Dynamic Coasts: A Framework for Managing Natura 2000. Living with the Sea LIFE Project; 1857167430; English Nature: Peterborough, UK, 2003.
  68. Black, V. Issue 2. Report produced for the Environment Agency, 30pp + appendices. August 2006. Coast. Squeeze Study 2006, 30, in press.
  69. Pontee, N. Reappraising coastal squeeze: A case study from north-west England. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Maritime Engineering; Thomas Telford Ltd.: London, UK, 2011; Volume 164, pp. 127-138. [CrossRef]
  70. Martin, K.L. Coastal squeeze: New threats to beach-spawning fishes and their critical habitats. In Beach- Spawning Fishes: Reproduction in an Endangered Ecosystem; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2014; pp. 157-174.
  71. Moreno-Casasola, P.; Espejel, I. Classification and ordination of coastal sand dune vegetation along the Gulf and Caribbean Sea of Mexico. Vegetatio 1986, 66, 147-182. [CrossRef]
  72. Ruíz-Rentería, F.; Van Tussenbroek, B.I.; Jordán-Dahlgren, E. Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. CARICOMP site. In CARICOMP-Caribbean Coral Reef, Seagrass, and Mangrove Sites; Kjerfve, B., Ed.; UNESCO: Paris, France, 1998; pp. 57-66.
  73. Elizondo, N.C.; Barba-Macías, E.; Hernández-Arana, H.A.; Mendoza-Vega, J.; Tovilla-Hernández, C. Estudio Para la Caracterización y Diagnóstico de Humedales en Puerto Morelos; Ecosur, Conanp, Cinvestav, Seduma Yucatán, Onca Maya A.C.: Mexico City, Mexico, 2012; p. 108.
  74. Zapata-Ramírez, P.A.; Blanchon, P.; Olioso, A.; Hernandez-Nuñez, H.; Sobrino, J.A. Accuracy of IKONOS for mapping benthic coral-reef habitats: A case study from the Puerto Morelos Reef National Park, Mexico. Int. J. Remote Sens. 2013, 34, 3671-3687. [CrossRef]
  75. Franklin, G.L.; Torres-Freyermuth, A.; Medellin, G.; Allende-Arandia, M.E.; Appendini, C.M. The role of the reef-dune system in coastal protection in Puerto Morelos (Mexico). Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 2018, 18, 1247-1260. [CrossRef]

Related papers

The Conservational State of Coastal Ecosystems on the Mexican Caribbean Coast: Environmental Guidelines for Their Management
Mayrene Guimarais

Sustainability

The accelerated rate of environmental degradation of the Mexican Caribbean coast is alarming. In this work, spatial analysis procedures were applied to study relationships among wave and wind climates, water quality, and environmental degradation of the principal coastal ecosystems. We found an increasing North-South gradient in the preservation state of the coastal ecosystems, related to the degree of anthropization of the coastline. In the north, all analysed stressors exert high pressure on coral reefs, seagrass meadows, mangroves, and dunes, and cause chronic coastline erosion. The coastal ecosystems of the central and southern regions are more mature and healthier, and the most significant stressor is reduced water quality. The north has been most hit by high-intensity hurricanes, the frequency of which has increased in the Mexican Caribbean over recent decades. The status of conservation of the ecosystems, added to the long-term intensification of environmental pressures, part...

View PDFchevron_right
An Integrated Framework for Informing Coastal and Marine Ecosystem Management Decisions
Gary Matlock

Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, 2013

View PDFchevron_right
Integrated coastal zone management in South America: A look at three contrasting systems
Antonio Tironi

Ocean & Coastal …, 2011

Article history: Available online xxx a b s t r a c t

View PDFchevron_right
Coastal systems in transition: From a ‘natural’ to an ‘anthropogenically-modified’ state
Stefan Partelow

Ocean and Coastal Management, 2018

View PDFchevron_right
The Power of Three: Coral Reefs, Seagrasses and Mangroves Protect Coastal Regions and Increase Their Resilience
Angelo Belanezo

Natural habitats have the ability to protect coastal communities against the impacts of waves and storms, yet it is unclear how different habitats complement each other to reduce those impacts. Here, we investigate the individual and combined coastal protection services supplied by live corals on reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangrove forests during both non-storm and storm conditions, and under present and future sea-level conditions. Using idealized profiles of fringing and barrier reefs, we quantify the services supplied by these habitats using various metrics of inundation and erosion. We find that, together, live corals, seagrasses, and mangroves supply more protection services than any individual habitat or any combination of two habitats. Specifically, we find that, while mangroves are the most effective at protecting the coast under non-storm and storm conditions, live corals and seagrasses also moderate the impact of waves and storms, thereby further reducing the vulnerability of coastal regions. Also, in addition to structural differences, the amount of service supplied by habitats in our analysis is highly dependent on the geomorphic setting, habitat location and forcing conditions: live corals in the fringing reef profile supply more protection services than seagrasses; seagrasses in the barrier reef profile supply more protection services than live corals; and seagrasses, in our simulations, can even compensate for the long-term degradation of the barrier reef. Results of this study demonstrate the importance of taking integrated and place-based approaches when quantifying and managing for the coastal protection services supplied by ecosystems.

View PDFchevron_right

Related topics

  • Geography
  • Coastal Management
  • Coastal Erosion

    • Cited by

    Coastal green infrastructure to mitigate coastal squeeze
    Rodolfo Casarin

    Journal of Infrastructure Preservation and Resilience

    Infrastructure is necessary to protect and provide the goods and services required by humans. As coastal green infrastructure (CGI) aims to respect and work with natural processes, it is a feasible response to mitigate or avoid the consequences of coastal squeeze. The concept of CGI is receiving increased attention of late due to the challenges facing us, such as climate change, population growth and the overexploitation of natural resources on the coast. Terms which may be applied to encourage the construction of infrastructure, or to minimize the responsibility for poorly made decisions, often induce misunderstanding. In this paper, the concept of CGI and its use in solving coastal problems is reordered. Four categories are proposed, according to the degree of naturalness of the project: Nature reclamation, Engineered ecosystems, Ecologically enhanced engineering, and De-engineering/Relocation. Existing coastal risk evaluation frameworks can be used to design many types of CGI. Ke...

    View PDFchevron_right
    Ten Commandments for Sustainable, Safe, and W/Healthy Sandy Coasts Facing Global Change
    Debora Lithgow

    Frontiers in Marine Science

    Sandy coasts represent about one-third of the global coastline and are among the most valuable and most vulnerable areas for humans and many other species. Socio-economic development and climate change impacts, together with traditional engineering for shore protection, have pervasively resulted in coastal squeeze, thereby threatening coastal life and economic activities, and the very survival of coastal ecosystems. In the past, the responses to problems such as land loss, coastal erosion and flooding were primarily reactive, through gray engineering solutions, with little interest shown in the ecosystem processes impacted by coastal armoring. In recent decades, coastal management strategies have become more diverse, embracing traditional engineering solutions alongside ecosystem-based measures. Even so, many of these new strategies still fail to meet sustainability criteria. Inspired by Per Bruun’s “The Ten Demands for Coastal Protection” from 1972, this article attempts to conside...

    View PDFchevron_right
    Protection and restoration of coastal habitats yield multiple benefits for urban residents as sea levels rise
    Anne Guerry

    npj Urban Sustainability

    Globally, rising seas threaten massive numbers of people and significant infrastructure. Adaptation strategies increasingly incorporate nature-based solutions. New science can illuminate where these solutions are appropriate in urban environments and what benefits they provide to people. Together with stakeholders in San Mateo County, California, USA, we co-developed nature-based solutions to support adaptation planning. We created six guiding principles to shape planning, summarized vulnerability to sea-level rise and opportunities for nature-based solutions, created three adaptation scenarios, and compared multiple benefits provided by each scenario. Adaptation scenarios that included investments in nature-based solutions deliver up to eight times the benefits of a traditionally engineered baseline as well as additional habitat for key species. The magnitude and distribution of benefits varied at subregional scales along the coastline. Our results demonstrate practical tools and e...

    View PDFchevron_right
    A Review of Disturbances to the Ecosystems of the Mexican Caribbean, Their Causes and Consequences
    Debora Lithgow

    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering

    In a relatively short timescale (less than 50 years), urbanization has caused many anthropogenic disturbances that have affected ecosystem health and, directly or indirectly, quality of life for the local human population. Global disturbances, such as climate change, can also have a substantial, overarching impact on ecosystems. In this scenario, natural disturbances, previously considered an integral part of ecosystem dynamics, can now cause irreversible change to the state of ecosystems, and at the same time, negatively impact social and economic systems. The objective of this study was to identify ecosystem disturbances at a site of interest to recommend strategies to improve coastal zone management. We chose the Mexican Caribbean as a case study, because its biological and cultural complexity render it an interesting location from a coastal management point of view. The PRISMA framework was used to conduct a systematic literature review to identify the ecosystem disturbances tha...

    View PDFchevron_right
    Hydrodynamic Limitations to Mangrove Seedling Retention in Subtropical Estuaries
    Linda Walters

    Sustainability

    Mangrove-forest sustainability hinges upon propagule recruitment and seedling retention. This study evaluates biophysical limitations to mangrove-seedling persistence by measuring anchoring force of two mangrove species (Rhizophora mangle L. and Avicennia germinans (L.) L.). Anchoring force was measured in 362 seedlings via lateral pull tests administered in mangrove forests of two subtropical estuaries and in laboratory-based experiments. Removal mechanism varied with seedling age: newly established seedlings failed due to root pull-out while seedlings older than 3 months failed by root breakage. The anchoring force of R. mangle seedlings was consistently and significantly greater than A. germinans (p = 0.002); however, force to remove A. germinans seedlings increased with growth at a faster rate (p < 0.001; A. germinans: 0.20–0.23 N/g biomass; R. mangle: 0.04–0.07 N/g biomass). Increasing density of surrounding vegetation had a positive effect (p = 0.04) on anchoring force of b...

    View PDFchevron_right
    580 California St., Suite 400
    San Francisco, CA, 94104
    © 2025 Academia. All rights reserved