Design and Assembly of Acetone Distillation System

Separation Science and Technology, 2018

In this paper, two waste solvent technologies are presented as alternatives to the disposal of spent acetone-water mixtures. In the first alternative, a batch rectifier is used to concentrate the waste in order to obtain a distillate with a higher calorific value, which is then sent to off-site incineration either in a cement kiln or in a conventional waste solvent incinerator. The second alternative is a hybrid process composed by a batch rectifier and a pervaporation unit that processes in batchwise mode the first cut from the distillation task to obtain a dehydrated solvent. Here, four scenarios are considered, comprising two kinds of membrane materials and two different vacuum systems. For each alternative, the conceptual design was carried out with the aid of conceptual models of the unit operations involved. Quasi-optimal values for design and operation variables were used as input data to perform an economical and an environmental assessment of each alternative. The economic analysis suggests that the hybrid process is the best alternative given that the replacement cost of fresh solvent (about 850 U$S/ton) is considered as a credit value. From the environmental analysis with life cycle assessment, two main conclusions can be drawn: i) the use of the distillate as an alternative fuel in a cement kiln leads to a reduction in emissions that is relevant for the categories related to human health and ecosystem quality; and ii) in terms of resource depletion, the hybrid process distillation/pervaporation with the ceramic membrane HybSi (Pervatech) shows the lowest impact due to the solvent recovery.

Separation Science and Technology, 1999

The removal of dilute acetone from aqueous streams by air-gap membrane distillation is theoretically assessed. A combined heat and mass transfer model that includes temperature and concentration polarization effects as well as temperature and concentration variation along the module length is employed to predict the flux and selectivity of acetone under the relevant process operating conditions. Three mass transfer solutions are heeded in the model: the exact Stefan-Maxwell, the approximate Stefan-Maxwell, and the Fickian binary solution. Although, behaviorally, the three solutions exhibit the same trends, quantitatively some differences exist between the Fickian-based solution on the one hand and the Stefan-Maxwell solutions on the other hand. The exact and approximate solutions of the Stefan-Maxwell equation showed a similar capability in predicting the process achievement under all process conditions. Predictions showed that acetone selectivity and flux were strongly dependent on feed conditions and air-gap width.

Journal of the Pakistan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2022

About 6.7 million tonnes were produced worldwide in 2010, mainly for use as a solvent and production Acetone (propanone) is an organic compound with of methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A [2]. It is a the formula CH [1]. It is a colorless, volatile, 3 common building block in organic chemistry for the flammable liquid and is the simplest of the ketones. design of new materials or chemicals. Everyday Acetone is miscible with water and has been household uses of acetone are the active ingredients reported to be one of the most essential solvents in nail polish remover and paint thinner. typically used for cleaning purposes in laboratories.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2009

The acetone-methanol extractive distillation using water as an entrainer was simulated on Aspen Plus software package using rigorous methods. Calculation of the vapor-liquid equilibrium for the ternary system was done by the UNIQUAC model according to the experimental results obtained in a previous work. The effects of the solvent to feed molar ratio, reflux ratio, feed stage, feed solvent stage, and solvent feed temperature were studied to obtain the best design of the extractive distillation column with minimal energy requirements. The most appropriate configuration is 52 theoretical stages. The best binary mixture and entrainer feeding stages were obtained at 48 and 22 respectively with a solvent to feed molar and reflux ratio of 2.0 and 5.0, respectively. The simulation results show the effect of the main variables on the extractive distillation process.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2015

We show how thermodynamic insight can be used to improve the design of a homogeneous extractive distillation process, and we define an extractive efficiency indicator to compare the optimality of different designs. The case study is related to the separation of the acetone−methanol minimum boiling azeotrope with water. The process flow sheet includes both the extractive distillation column and the entrainer regeneration column. Insight from analysis of the ternary residue curve map and isovolatility curves shows that a lower pressure reduces the minimal amount of entrainer needed and increases the relative volatility of acetone−methanol in the extractive column. A 0.6 atm pressure is selected to enable the use of cheap cooling water in the condenser. We optimize the entrainer flow rate, adjusting both column reflux ratios and feed locations, by minimizing the total energy consumption per product unit. The total annualized cost (TAC) is calculated for all processes. Double-digit savings in energy consumption and in TAC are achieved compared to literature values. We then propose a novel efficiency indicator that describes the ability per tray of extractive section to discriminate the desired product between the top and the bottom of the extractive section. Shifting the feed trays' locations improves the efficiency of the separation, even when less entrainer is used.

The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1999

Catalytic distillation experiments were carried out in a 100 mm diameter column for the removal of dilute acetic acid from water. The column was installed with a novel internal composed of alternating a dualflow tray and a catalyst basket. Amberlyst 15 was used as a catalyst to accelerate the esterification of acetic acid with methanol. The effects of various operating parameters on the acid removal were investigated. For the feed which contains 2.5 to 9.9 wt% of acetic acid in water, more than 50 wt% of acetic acid can be recovered as methyl acetate in the 1.5 meter high test column. On a realise des experiences de distillation catalytique dans une colonne de 100 mm de diametre en vue du retrait de I'acide acetique dilue dam I'eau. On a installe dans la colonne un nouveau systeme interne consistant a alterner un plateau a double ecoulement et un panier de catalyseur. L' Amberlyst 15 a ete utilise comme catalyseur pour accelerer I'esterification de I'acide acetique avec le methanol. Les effets des divers parametres de fonctionnement sur le retrait de I'acide ont ete etudies. Pour une alimentation qui contient entre 2,5 et 9,9% en poids d'acide acetique dans I'eau, plus de 50% en poids d'acide acetique peut &tre recupere comme acetate de methyle dans une colonne d'essai de 1,5 metre de haut.

Heliyon, 2021

Renewable energy sources are prospective solutions for addressing future energy needs arising from the everincreasing population and dwindling petroleum reserves. Biobutanol is one of the most efficient biofuels for use as a mixture with motor vehicle fuels. Biobutanol is produced from the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation process and is separated into the pure components via multicomponent distillation. Mathematical modelling of the continuous multicomponent distillation of ABE was carried herein out using an equilibrium-based model with the modified Hang-Wanke method in MATLAB R2020a programming language and compared with the simulation results using Aspen Plus V9. The variables of this study were the feed stage, number of trays, reflux ratio to butanol purity, butanol recovery, and energy load of the reboiler and condenser. Based on the simulation results, the operating conditions in columns 1 and 2 were recommended based on the butanol purity, recovery, and reboiler load; the recommended operating conditions for column 1 are as follows-feed stage: 4, reflux ratio: 4, number of trays: 20 trays, with a column efficiency of 55.43%. The recommended operating conditions for column 2 are as follows-feed stage: 2, reflux ratio: 0.4, number of trays: up to 10, with a column efficiency of 54.94%.

2006

INTRODUCTION Organic chemical industries dealing with batch or semi-batch reaction processes usually need various separation processes to purify reaction products. In particular, a multipurpose high-efficiency distillation system is very useful after or during a reaction process. For example, it is of practically great importance to rectify solvent mixtures contaminated with reaction byproducts and/or reactant substances. A new rotating stirrer named “Wall Wetter” (Yamaji et al. 2001 & 2002, Noda et al. 2005) is installed into the kettle-type reboiler of a batch distillation system. The Wall Wetter reboiler can keep the rate of evaporation constantly high during the entire distillation process (Yamaji et al. 2002). A batch distillation system accompanied with the Wall Wetter reboiler is very useful as the rectifier not only for the recovery of various solvents but also for the separation of unreacted substances, monomers and byproducts from the main reaction products. The Wall Wette...