Dose Quantities and Units for Radiation Protection

Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 2021

This different internal dosimetry methods were developed for the purpose of radioprotection, and radiation safety to minimize the risk of the effects of ionizing radiation on the people. The current method for calculating dose was proposed by the ICRP [1-4]. Internal dosimetry modalities or methods are used when a radioactive material enters the body by different routes inhalation, ingestion, absorption, injection on different circumstances either by breathing, eating, or drinking respectively, contaminated air, fluids foods and wounds. These occur in different occasions, either occupational or accidentally. In this course class paper, we describe the various mathematical models for calculating the absorbed dose by diverse organs of the body.

2009

US-Russian Joint Coordinating Committee on Radiation Effects Research Project 1.4 Reconstruction of dose to the residents of Ozersk from Operation of the Mayak Production Association: 1948-2002

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik, 2017

2008

Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation [Working Title]

Lessons learned from responses to past radiological and nuclear emergencies have shown that more guidance is needed for assessing doses to those who were affected in emergency exposure situation. The chapter introduces system of dosimetric quantities for use in emergency preparedness and response to nuclear or radiological emergency, which includes RBE-weighted absorbed dose in tissue or organ for evaluation of the risk of severe deterministic effects, equivalent dose in tissue or organ for evaluation of the risk of stochastic effects, and effective dose for evaluation of the detriment due to undetectable stochastic effects. The chapter also provides internationally proved criteria for protection of individual in emergency exposure situation and framework of dose and risk assessment in an emergency. The special attention has been put on evaluation of available sources of dosimetric data needed for dose and risk assessment in an emergency.

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2005

The increase in ionizing radiation (IR) applications, especially nuclear, has been followed by the growth of public concern for the potential associated risks. The public’s perception of such risks is often based on the philosophy that IR is harmful at any exposure level. On the other hand, although radiation workers have knowledge about the nature of IR and its potential health effects, the relationship between absorbed dose and risk is not well understood, principally for low doses. This report presents an overview of physical and biological dosimetry as complementary methodologies, as well as their possible contribution for improving risk perception in radioprotection.

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, 2015

The biological effects on humans of low-dose and low-dose-rate exposures to ionizing radiation have always been of major interest. The most recent concept as suggested by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is to extrapolate existing epidemiological data at high doses and dose rates down to low doses and low dose rates relevant to radiological protection, using the socalled dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor (DDREF). The present paper summarizes what was presented and discussed by experts from ICRP and Japan at a dedicated workshop on this topic held in May 2015 in Kyoto, Japan. This paper describes the historical development of the DDREF concept in light of emerging scientific evidence on dose and dose-rate effects, summarizes the conclusions recently drawn by a number of international organizations (e.g., BEIR VII, ICRP, SSK, UNSCEAR, and WHO), mentions current scientific efforts to obtain more data on low-dose and low-dose-rate effects at molecular, cellular, animal and human levels, and discusses future options that could be useful to improve and optimize the DDREF concept for the purpose of radiological protection.

Iranian journal of radiation research (IJRR)

Health Physics

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 1999

Radionuclides are used in nuclear medicine in a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. A knowledge of the radiation dose received by dierent organs in the body is essential to an evaluation of the risks and bene®ts of any procedure. In this paper, current methods for internal dosimetry are reviewed, as they are applied in nuclear medicine. Particularly, the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) system for dosimetry is explained, and many of its published resources discussed. Available models representing individuals of dierent age and gender, including those representing the pregnant woman are described; current trends in establishing models for individual patients are also evaluated. The proper design of kinetic studies for establishing radiation doses for radiopharmaceuticals is discussed. An overview of how to use information obtained in a dosimetry study, including that of the eective dose equivalent (ICRP 30) and eective dose (ICRP 60), is given. Current trends and issues in internal dosimetry, including the calculation of patient-speci®c doses and in the use of small scale and microdosimetry techniques, are also reviewed. # : S 0 9 6 9 -8 0 4 3 ( 9 8 ) 0 0 0 2 3 -2 Applied Radiation and Isotopes PERGAMON * To whom all correspondence should be addressed. per unit time, integrating this over time gives the total number of disintegrations.