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Metabolic Syndrome and Reproduction

Profile image of Sara MarchianiSara Marchiani

2021, International Journal of Molecular Sciences

https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS22041988
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Michael Schull

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 2005

Background: Placental dysfunction (PD), which may manifest partly as the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and abruption or infarction of the placenta, occurs mor\' commonly in women with obesity, chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia-each a major feature of the metabolic syndrome. However, the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and the future risk of PD or fetal demise is unknown. Methods: We completed a retrospective cohort study of 1.03 million women who had a first documented delivery in the province of Ontario between 1990 and 2002. Using linked administrative databases, we categorized women as having zero, one, two, or three to four features of the metabolic syndrome up to 24 months before their index delivery hospitalization. Women were considered to have placental dysfunction if they had a diagnosis of preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, placental abruption, or placental infarction during their first hospitalization for delivery in the period of study. Results: At the time of delivery, 75380 women (7.3%) were diagnosed as having PD. There was a progressive increase in the risk of PD in women with one (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0-3.1), two (OR 5.5; 95% CI 5.2-5.8), or three to four (OR 7.7; 95% CI 6.7-8.9) features of the metabolic syndrome, compared with none. A similar gradient eftect was seen for the combined outcome of PD with poor fetal growth, or of PD with concomitant fetal death. Conclusions: Women who exhibit features of the metabolic syndrome before pregnancy have a higher graded risk of PD and fetal demise. Studies are needed to determine whether modifying a woman's metabolic profile before pregnancy, through modest

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Effect of the metabolic syndrome on male reproductive function: a case-controlled pilot study
Patrick Bouic

Andrologia, 2014

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of various risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MetS on testosterone and progesterone, and semen parameters, in a case-controlled pilot study. Male patients (n = 54) had body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and blood pressure recorded. Blood was analysed for HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. Saliva was assayed for free testosterone and free progesterone. Ejaculates were analysed for volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility, vitality, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA fragmentation and leucocyte concentration. Participants were divided into the control group (n = 28) and the MetS group (n = 26). Differences were found between the groups for body mass index, WHR, blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides and glucose. The MetS group showed significant reductions in sperm concentration (P = 0.0026), total sperm count (P = 0.0034), total motility (P = 0.0291), sperm vitality (P = 0.002), MMP (P = 0.0039), free testosterone (P = 0.0093) and free progesterone (P = 0.0130), while values for DNA fragmentation increased (P = 0.0287). Results indicate that patients with MetS have compromised sperm parameters in the absence of leucocytospermia. A reduction in free progesterone suggests that steroidogenesis cascades may be compromised. It is hypothesised that a systemic pro-inflammatory state with oxidative stress associated with MetS may provide a novel explanation.

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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in infertile women
Monna Pandurangi

2020

Introduction Methodology Results Conclusion References Citation Tables / Figures Corresponding Author Corresponding Author: Dr Radha Vembu, E 2 II SMART, Department of Reproductive Medicine & Surgery, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600116 E Mail ID: ganesh_radha@yahoo.in

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Obesity and Infertility: A Metabolic Assessment Strategy to Improve Pregnancy Rate
Gilles Bleau

Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 2018

Background: The metabolic global approach is a multidisciplinary intervention for obese women before undergoing assisted reproductive techniques, with the goal of improving fertility and decreasing adverse pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the metabolic global approach on pregnancy rate. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 127 women and was conducted at the Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal fertility center. Eligibility included BMI at initial consultation of ≥30 kg/m 2. Fertility treatments were considered when a weight loss of minimum 5% and normal metabolic indices were achieved. The p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Median baseline and last clinical assessment BMIs were 38.2 kg/m² and 35.8 kg/m² respectively (p<0.001), representing a median weight loss of 5.1%. At baseline, at least one metabolic parameter was abnormal in 66% of women. Total pregnancy rate was 53%. The majority of women (63%) who achieved pregnancy did so with weight loss and metabolic stabilization alone (11%) or combined with metformin (36%) and/or oral ovulation drugs (16%). Normal vitamin D (p<0.001) and triglyceride levels (p<0.05) as well as lower BMI after weight loss (p<0.05) were associated with an increased relative risk of pregnancy. Conclusion: Replete vitamin D status, weight loss of 5% and lower BMI as well as normal triglyceride level are significant and independent predictors of pregnancy in obese women presenting to our fertility center. The metabolic global approach is an effective program to detect metabolic abnormalities and improve obese women's pregnancy rate.

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Metabolic syndrome in normal and complicated pregnancies
Fernando Bugatto Glez.

European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 2008

Background: The aim of our study was to elucidate the association of the metabolic syndrome with the risk of unsuccessful pregnancy. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at Markusovszky Teaching Hospital, Szombathely, Hungary, a tertiary health care center. During the study period of 2007-2011 (5 years), 7373 pregnancies were followed. Pregnant women who were suffering from metabolic syndrome in the first trimester of gestation during the study period were compared to all other pregnant women without the syndrome. Retrospectively, 219 (2.9%) patients met the criteria of metabolic syndrome during the first trimester. Our goal was to evaluate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in normal pregnancies and in those complicated by either premature birth, or intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), pregnancy-induced hypertension, and preeclampsia. Results: The rate of preterm birth was 15.2% [32/219 in the metabolic syndrome group vs. 11.1% (p = 0.051) in the control group]. Within the affected group, 40 pregnancies were complicated with IUGR (18.4%) versus 3.3%, in the unaffected group (p < 0.001). In 58 cases, we observed preeclampsia during pregnancy [26.7% vs. 5.2% (p < 0.001)] in the control group. Among the patients affected by the metabolic syndrome, 83 patients (38.2%) had more then one pregnancy complication during pregnancy, and only 59 cases (27.2%) had no adverse events during pregnancy and delivery (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a higher rate of complicated pregnancies in association with metabolic syndrome compared to the control group.

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Metabolic syndrome and time to pregnancy: a retrospective study of nulliparous women
James J Walker

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, 2019

ObjectiveTo determine: (1) the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), time to pregnancy (TTP), and infertility; (2) associations between individual and an increasing number of MetS components, TTP, and infertility; and (3) whether these relationships differ by body mass index (BMI &lt; 30 kg/m2 versus BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingMultiple centres (in Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, and the UK).PopulationFive thousand five hundred and nineteen low‐risk nulliparous pregnant women.MethodsData on retrospectively reported TTP (number of months to conceive) and a blood sample to assess metabolic health were collected between 14 and 16 weeks of gestation. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Accelerated failure time models with log‐normal distribution were conducted to estimate time ratios (TRs) and 95% CIs. Differences in MetS on infertility (TTP &gt; 12 months) were compared using a generalised linear model (Poi...

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Anna Shayakhmetova

Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 2015

Background and Aims: Comparative estimation of metabolic syndrome (MS) mediated changes of blood, cardio-vascular system, liver, pancreas and kidneys morphologic structure in adult and pubertal rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar albino male rats of two age categories (young animals of 21 days age (50-70g) and adults (160-180g)) were divided into 4 groups (8 animals in each): 1 - Control 1 (intact young rats); 2 - Control 2 (intact adult rats); 3 - MS3 (young rats with MS) and 4 - MS4 (adult rats with MS). The metabolic syndrome model was induced by full replacement of drinking water with 20% fructose solution (200g/l). After 60 days of MS modeling, determination of rat hematological and serum biochemical parameters, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, liver rates of lipid peroxydation and chromatin DNA fragmentation, as well as morphological macroscopic and microscopic studies were carried out. Results: In pubertal rats, glucose tolerance, hypertension, blood clotting disturbances, ...

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Metabolic syndrome in White-European men presenting for secondary couple′s infertility-an investigation of the clinical and reproductive burden
Giovanni Croce

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Fetal programming of the metabolic syndrome
Hector Emmanuel

fetal development genetic predisposition to disease metabolic syndrome X nutritional status pregnancy a b s t r a c t Prenatal development is currently recognized as a critical period in the etiology of human diseases. This is particularly so when an unfavorable environment interacts with a genetic predisposition. The fetal programming concept suggests that maternal nutritional imbalance and metabolic disturbances may have a persistent and intergenerational effect on the health of offspring and on the risk of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

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Childbearing is associated with higher incidence of the metabolic syndrome among women of reproductive age controlling for measurements before pregnancy: the CARDIA study
Erica P Gunderson

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2009

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