Budget Amendment – Cause and Effect Roxana Ispas

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2011

Theoretically, Romania has familiarized with the International Accounting Standards, although where salary-earners are concerned, the fiscal system must be able to support financially the concepts imposed by these standards in order to apply them in company's life and implicitly, the life of the salary earners. In the European and world vision, a major but natural importance is granted the salary earners. These are new concepts, approaches which pose a series of problematic topics aimed at the importance of salaries in a company. They are the producers of riches and occupy a well deserved place after the investors as the most important category of users of the financial information. After 1989, in Romania did not take place a very turned into a media event public debate with the subject of taxation principles, the subject of destination of the collected amounts. Very few citizens and few local elected people knew the proportions in which the income tax represented sources for various local budgets. Only the radical reform -"fiscal reform" -generated by the introduction of the unique taxation quota brought this subject on the agenda of the population. There were yet other fiscal subjects which generated discussions in time -introduction of VAT, global taxation -but the introduction of the unique quota gives the theoreticians and decision-makers the possibility to verify in practice the veracity of an economic theory.

Economica, 2022

This article makes reference to the effectiveness of the national social protection system, which depends on the efficiency of systems for redistributing income within a state, i.e. the efficiency of tax and social systems. The accession to the European Union (EU) was equivalent to the start of a new transition phase for the of development and social protection of Romania system. The current system of social protection can be characterized as a centralized one, even if the intentions of decentralization of responsibilities are pronounced while the financial capacities of local public authorities are strengthened. Romania has learned that EU policies are not always tailored to its size and that it has the possibility to negotiate them so that specific features and needs are better considered and covered.

The Annals of the, 2009

A theory of law must especially to determine conceptual its subject. To clarify the essence of legal neo-realism it is appropriate to establish the meaning and scope of such notions. Law in general is a result of society evolving in the several thousands of years when it appeared. So is that right now law works with concepts and institutions, with definitions and principles fixed on time. Lawyers, in turn, use a unique language, spell and "translate" the laws for everyone, language transmitted from generation to generation and constantly enriched with new and new attributes. To clarify these things, the legal interpretation comes to lead the steps of those who want to figure out the tricks of law and to familiarize them with the legal requirements. In order to analyze the arguments that combat legal neo-realism in terms of legal matters interpretation, the legal rules that constitute the legal system should be investigated in a scientific manner, seeking in the meantime the principles on which is based this approach: rationality, objectivity, neutrality, hypothesis testing under with a rigorous and open methodology, so as to confirm the followed negative response (Pfersmann and Tims, 2001). This view is not shared by the devotees of natural law, that paradoxical are connected to ideas of a school whose doctrine is part of the required scientific empiricist movement. Based on these differences a suite of pro and against arguments is built to the analyzed mentioned theories in interpreting legal matters.

1999

2002

Romania, a country of 23 million people strategically located at the mouth of the Danube, is the largest country in Southeastern Europe. When communism collapsed in Europe, the leadership of the Romanian Communist Party ousted the dictator Nicolae Ceausescu in a bloody coup, and set the country on a course of slow transition to the market. In November 1996, a coalition of democratic parties defeated the reformed communists in legislative and presidential elections and launched a new program of radical reforms. Pension reform become a key feature of this program. This paper describes pension reform in Romania. Sections 13.2 through 13.3 review the prereform situation, focusing on initial economic and dem-Georges de Menil is professor of economics at the Ecole de Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris. From 1997 to 2000 he was economic advisor to the prime minister of Romania and codirector with Eytan Sheshinski of the private pension reform task force of the Ministry of Labor in Bucharest. Eytan Sheshinski is professor of economics at Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The project team consisted of

Der Donauraum, 2006

2009

Depending on the specific stage of economic cycle, different types of fiscal policies, expansionist (incentive) or restrictive (prohibition), are use in specific state of the economy, for a certain period of time. Thus, in times of recession, the state use of tax incentive measures and in times of economic boom are applied, in particular, prohibitive taxation policies in order to avoid, where possible, the large economic shocks. Starting from the idea that taxation, as any other financial leverage, is displayed while operated in influencing capacity and rebalancing the economic situation in growth, we believe, that the adjustments made by fiscal policy, it should be comprehensive, immediate and lasting, therefore, this paper is focused on aspects regarding fiscal policy sustainability in Romania. The objective is to provide some empirical evidencies of sustainability of fiscal revenues and expenditure flows. The main output consist in this thesis that some support could be found for the sustainability.

The reform that the romanian fiscal system should follow aims to increase the quality of public finances and fiscal governance and strengthening fiscal discipline through better management of budgetary resources. This can be achieved by taking legislative and institutional measures, such as a new law on fiscal responsibility, developing a long-term fiscal strategy, moving to a multi-annual budget programming by implementing a medium-term budgetary framework, the introduction of strict fiscal rules and the establishment of an Independent Fiscal Council. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of adopting a medium-term budgetary framework by Romania and the role that this public fiscal management tool plays in the development of budgetary procedures to ensure fiscal discipline and sustainability of national public finances.

The post 2007 economic crisis significantly affected EU’s states public finances and triggered various fiscal adjustments processes. Inevitably, policies related to social protection benefits were scrutinized and more or less radical reforms were enacted in most states. This article assesses the evolution of spending on various social protection programs in Romania in a comparative perspective. Using data from Eurostat, the effects of Romania’s 2011 austerity program are compared with evolutions in the other EU member states. The article also compares the observed modification in comparison with the aims set by the Cabinet through its Social Assistance Reform Strategy. The article also tests whether the intensity of adjustment programs are connected with the intensity of the economic crisis.

Ovidius University Annals: Economic Sciences Series, 2017

Sustainability has become one of the most used terms in public finance assessment. This article treats the issue of sustainability of public finance in terms of social measures adopted in Romania during 2006-2017. In other words, indicators for public finance sustainability will not be calculated in this article, but will be measured the impact of population aging, expenditures with all social and health protection measures on total public debt and government debt. This study has started from the idea that public finance sustainability is, essentially, the ability of a government to sustain the long-term expenditures without increasing public debt. According to the results obtained from the econometric calculations, the increase of the public debt in Romania in the last 12 years is explained in the ratio of 9% by the increase in pension expenditures and 16.8% by the increase of the social security expenditures. In this case, more coherent fiscal, social and economic policy measures ...