Cloud computing concept for Intelligent Transportation Systems

International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 2018

The increasing number of on road vehicles has become a major cause for congestion, acci-31 dents and pollution. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) might be the key to achieve 32 solutions that help in reducing these problems significantly. The connected vehicular net-33 works stream is a rapidly growing field for research and development of various real-time 34 applications. In this paper, novel techniques have been proposed to serve the speed based 35 lane changing, collision avoidance and time of arrival (TOA) based localization in Vehicular 36 Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). As GPS requires clear line-of-sight for accurate services of 37 positioning and localization applications, we designed a Time of Arrival (ToA) based algo-38 rithm for areas where strong GPS signals are unavailable. Collision avoidance using auto-39 matic braking and camera-based surveillance are a few other applications that we 40 addressed. The feasibility and the viability of the algorithms were demonstrated through 41 simulations in Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) and Network Simulator-2 (NS-2). 42 We prototyped a working hardware and tested it on actual vehicles to assess the effective-43 ness of the proposed system. We designed a mobile app interface for the on-board unit for 44 smart, efficient and remote traffic monitoring. The integrated VANET Cloud Computing 45 architecture acts as the platform for the proposed applications. 46

2020

Transport infrastructures are part of the global transport architecture. The operation of each nation's transport infrastructure is essential for the sustainability of national economies. Therefore, these systems are considered as critical infrastructures from the perspective of national security. It is understandable that smart mobility is one of the indicators of the smart city concept. An important element of the transportation system is the IT infrastructure, which is connected to the local systems of smart cities. In the system of a smart city the central management subsystem is the server component and the moving objects are the client devices. Autonomous vehicles can obtain the information they need for transport from their on-board equipment, from the central control of the smart city or from each other. The most important requirement of the autonomous vehicle's own system is high availability with adequate performance. For this reason, it is worth examining the applicability of availability-enhancing technologies in these vehicles. This article examines the adaptations of the cloud system requirements and cloud building technologies in the infocommunication system of autonomous vehicles.

arXiv (Cornell University), 2020

This study focuses on the feasibility of commercial cloud services for connected vehicle (CV) applications in a Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (TCPS) environment. TCPS implies that CVs, in addition to being connected with each other, communicates with the transportation and computing infrastructure to fulfill application requirements. The motivation of this study is to accelerate commercial cloud-based CV application development by presenting the lessons learned by implementing a CV mobility application using Amazon Web Services (AWS). The feasibility of the cloud-based CV application is assessed at three levels: (i) the development of a cloud-based TCPS architecture, (ii) the deployment of a cloud-based CV application using AWS, and (iii) the evaluation of the cloud-based CV application. We implemented this CV mobility application using a serverless cloud architecture and found that such a cloud-based TCPS environment could meet the permissible delay limits of CV mobility applications. Commercial cloud services, as an integral part of TCPS, could reduce costs associated with establishing and maintaining vast computing infrastructure for supporting CV applications. As the CV penetration levels on the surface transportation systems increase significantly over the next several years, scaling the backend infrastructure to support such applications is a critical issue. This study shows how commercial cloud services could automatically scale the backend infrastructure to meet the rapidly changing demands of real-world CV applications. Through real-world experiments, we demonstrate how commercial cloud services along with serverless cloud architecture could advance the transportation digital infrastructure for supporting connected mobility applications in a TCPS environment.

IAEME PUBLICATION, 2024

This technical paper delves into the nuanced application of cloud computing in Autonomous Vehicle (AV) systems. It focuses on the critical role of cloud computing in managing the vast data requirements, computational needs, and real-time processing for AVs. Utilizing case studies and recent research, the paper provides an in-depth analysis of how cloud computing not only enhances the capabilities of AVs but is also instrumental in addressing the challenges of scalability, security, and efficient data management in autonomous transportation. The birth of autonomous vehicles (AVs) represents a paradigm shift in transportation, promising increased safety, efficiency, and convenience. However, realizing fully autonomous driving necessitates substantial advancements in vehicle technology, particularly in network architecture. This article investigates the integration of cloud computing as a pivotal enhancement to the network architecture of autonomous vehicles. Cloud computing offers scalable storage, powerful computational capabilities, real-time analytics, and robust security measures essential for handling the vast amount of data generated by AVs and facilitating their complex operational demands. This paper delves into how cloud computing supports data management, computational offloading, real-time decision-making, enhanced connectivity, and continuous learning for AV systems. The discussion highlights the potential of cloud computing to revolutionize the network architecture of AVs, addressing challenges and paving the way for a new era of intelligent, connected, and autonomous transportation

While the development of technology and internet infrastructure facilitates many aspects of daily life, it does so based on the processes and data running in the background. With the development of information and communication technology, changes and improvements in people's lives have also had a great impact on Intelligent Transportation Systems. Cloud Computing, which was developed for the storage of data that has been made descriptive of the virtual environment with a reference model setup as the first step. This model is aimed to facilitate the data storage, processing, and transfer process required for Intelligent Transportation Systems. In this study, a reference model on passenger occupancy rate, which is a passenger information system from Cloud Computing-based Intelligent Transportation System components, has been created, and this model has offered suggestions in the form of interface improvement for Sakarya Metropolitan Municipality transportation mobile application SAKUS. It is foreseen that these suggestions will have a great impact on the daily life of the passengers in planning their travels and in turning to alternative modes of transportation.

IEEE Access, 2016

2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2012

Cloud computing is known as services delivery such as shared resources, platforms, software and data, in the interest of end-users. They are located in distributed datacenters over a network such as the Internet. In this paper a new cloud computing model called ITS-Cloud applied to the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is proposed to improve transport outcomes such as road safety, transport productivity, travel reliability, informed travel choices, environment protection, and traffic resilience. It consists of two sub-models: the statistic and the dynamic cloud sub-models. In the former, vehicles benefit of the conventional cloud advantages however; the dynamic one which is a temporary cloud is formed by the vehicles themselves which represent the cloud datacenters. To validate our proposal, a simulation study is performed to deal with the load balancing as a NP-Complete problem. The reached results are obtained using Bees Life Algorithm (BLA) applied to ITS-Cloud and compared with those reached by (BLA) applied only to the conventional Cloud.

Vehicular cloud computing is envisioned to deliver services that provide traffic safety and efficiency to vehicles. Vehicular cloud computing has great potential to change the contemporary vehicular communication paradigm. Explicitly, the underutilized resources of vehicles can be shared with other vehicles to manage traffic during congestion. These resources include but are not limited to storage, computing power, and Internet connectivity. This study reviews current traffic management systems to analyze the role and significance of vehicular cloud computing in road traffic management. First, an abstraction of the vehicular cloud infrastructure in an urban scenario is presented to explore the vehicular cloud computing process. A taxonomy of vehicular clouds that defines the cloud formation, integration types, and services is presented. A taxonomy of vehicular cloud services is also provided to explore the object types involved and their positions within the vehicular cloud. A comparison of the current state-of-the-art traffic management systems is performed in terms of parameters, such as vehicular ad hoc network infrastructure, Internet dependency, cloud management, scal-ability, traffic flow control, and emerging services. Potential future challenges and emerging technologies, such as the Internet of vehicles and its incorporation in traffic congestion control, are also discussed. Vehicular cloud computing is envisioned to have a substantial role in the development of smart traffic management solutions and in emerging Internet of vehicles.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2019

The research goal to build a monocular vision self-driving car with cloud computing prototype using Raspberry Pi as a processing chip. An HD camera along with an ultrasonic sensor is used to provide necessary data from the real world to the car. The car is capable of reaching the given destination safely and intelligently thus avoiding the risk of human errors. Many algorithms like object detection, action/correction detection are combined together to provide the necessary control to the car. Technological advances are pacing in an unmanageable manner. The more a nation invests in upcoming technologies, the more incentives it enjoys in the long run. These incentives branch from finer infrastructure to augmentation of the jobs sector. The prime focus of technology nowadays is to moderate the human intervention in day-to-day tasks. Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, and Computer Vision being the big players in doing so. We have reached a time wherein we can automate our menial tasks like driving. Insane, right? This segment of Computer Vision is popularly known as Autonomous Cars. These are vehicles that perceive their environment and move without human navigation. Self-driving cars to become more reliant on indestructible inbuilt road sensors that are embedded in the road and ‘turned on’ during preventive road construction maintenance or in emergencies alerting each vehicle to reduce speed or halt. Ultimately, we can expect the road beneath us to become more communicative with self-driving cars. It will not be long until self-driving cars by default will likely keep an activity log for service and debugging. Privacy, of course, will be an issue, whether it is the insurance company, the car maker, a local dealer, or even police authorities all seeking another means to track our every coming and going. Crucial components of the future will be the mobile networks, ad hoc (car to car) networks, vehicles to and from road sensors, and satellite communications.

Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2021

In the modern era of evolving technology, everybody wants to achieve their goals in the least time. Urban mobility supports the integration and balanced development of society with the cooperation of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is a system that forms a network of different objects which is connected through the internet that can collect and transfer the data over a wireless network without human intervention. When the connected object is restricted over vehicles only then the technology is referred to as the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). With the growth of the urban population and the addition of cities, vehicle ownership has been increasing drastically. Thus, the management of traffic has become a great problem in our day-today life. A connected vehicle is equipped with Internet access and a wireless local area network that allows communication with other smart devices, whether inside the vehicle or outside in the environment. There are several ways that vehicles may be connected and with the environment as well as people such as drivers and those on the roads. These include vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure, vehicle-to-pedestrian, vehicle-to-cloud, and generally as vehicle-to-everything. The paper deals with traffic management, the cause of an accident, and ensure the safety and security of the person inside the vehicles with the help of few sensors.