Conceptual Model of Expansive Rock or Soil Swelling
2023, Geosciences
https://doi.org/10.3390/GEOSCIENCES13050141Abstract
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
References (67)
- Grob, H. Swelling and Heave in Swiss tunnels. Bull. Int. Assoc. Eng. Geol. 1976, 13, 55-60. [CrossRef]
- Einstein, H.H. Tunnelling in swelling rock. Undergr. Space 1979, 4, 51-61.
- Houston, S.L.; Dye, H.B.; Zapata, C.E.; Walsh, K.D.; Houston, W.N. Study of expansive soils and residential foundations on expansive soils in Arizona. J. Od Perform. Constr. Facil. 2011, 25, 31-44. [CrossRef]
- Jones, L.D.; Jefferson, I. Expansive soils. In ICE Manual of Geotechnical Engineering, Volume 1 Geotechnical Engineering Principles, Problematic Soils and Site Investigation; Burland, J., Chapman, T., Skinner, H., Brown, M., Eds.; ICE Publishing: London, UK, 2012; pp. 413-441.
- Harrison, A.M.; Plim, J.; Harrison, M.; Jones, L.D.; Culshaw, M.G. The relationship between shrink-swell occurrence and climate in south-east England. Proc. Geol. Assoc. 2012, 123, 556-575. [CrossRef]
- Zheng, J.L.; Zheng, R.; Yang, H.P. Highway subgrade construction in expansive soil areas. J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 2009, 21, 154-162.
- Bell, F.G.; Culshaw, M.G. Problem Soils: A review from a British perspective. In Problematic Soils Symposium; Jefferson, I., Murray, E.J., Faragher, E., Fleming, P.R., Eds.; Thomas Telford Publishing: Nottingham, UK, 2001; pp. 1-35.
- Driscoll, R.M.C.; Chown, R. Shrinking and swelling of clays. In Problematic Soils Symposium; Jefferson, I., Murray, E.J., Faragher, E., Fleming, P.R., Eds.; Thomas Telford Publishing: Nottingham, UK, 2001; pp. 53-66.
- Nelson, J.D.; Miller, D.J. Expansive Soils: Problems and Practice in Foundation and Pavement Engineering, 1st ed.; John Wiley and Sons Inc.: New York, NY, USA, 1992.
- Radevsky, R. Expansive clay problems-how are they dealt with outside the US? Expansive clay soils and vegetative influence on shallow foundations. ASCE Geotech. Spec. Publ. 2001, 115, 172-191.
- Vrkljan, I.; Kavur, B.; Znidarčić, D. Influence of desiccation on swelling behavior of initially saturated swelling rocks. In Proceedings of the XIIIth Danube-European Conference on Geotechnical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 29 May-1 June 2006; Volume 2, pp. 159-164.
- Vrkljan, I. Bujanje Stijena i Njegov Utjecaj na Podzemne Objekte/Rock Swelling and Its Impact on Underground Construction. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia, 1997.
- Kavur, B.; Vrkljan, I.; Kovačević Zelić, B. Procjena hidrauličkih značajki nezasićenog ekspanzivnog tla/Analysis of hydraulic properties of unsaturated expansive soil. Gra devinar J. Assoc. Civ. Eng. (HSGI) 2011, 3, 245-253.
- Znidarčić, D.; Schiffman, R.L.; Pane, V.; Croce, P.; Ko, H.Y.; Olsen, H.W. The Theory of One-Dimensional Consolidation of Saturated Clays: V, Constant Rate of Deformation Testing and Analysis. Geotechnique 1986, 36, 227-237. [CrossRef]
- Znidarčić, D.; Illangasekare, T.; Manna, M. Laboratory testing and parameter estimation for two-phase flow problems. ASCE Geotech. Spec. Publ. 1991, 27, 1089-1099.
- Znidarčić, D.; Hwang, C.; Bicalho, K.V. Experimental determination of hydraulic characteristics for unsaturated soils. In Unsaturated Soils; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2021; Volume 3, pp. 1137-1141.
- Abu-Hejleh, A.N.; Znidarčić, D.; Illangasekare, T.H. Permeability Determination for Unsaturated Soils. Unsaturated Soils, ASCE Geotech. Spec. Publ. 1993, 39, 163-174.
- Abu-Hejleh, A.N.; Znidarčić, D. Consolidation Characteristics of Phosphatic Clays. ASCE J. Geotech. Eng. 1996, 122, 295-301.
- Bicalho, K.V. Modeling Water Flow in an Unsaturated Compacted Soil. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA, 1999.
- Hwang, C. Determination of Material Functions for Unsaturated Flow. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA, 2002.
- Yao, D.T.C.; Oliveira-Filho, W.L.; Cai, X.C.; Znidarčić, D. Numerical solution for consolidation and desiccation of soft soils. Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech. 2002, 26, 139-161. [CrossRef]
- Onyelowe, K.C.; Mojtahedi, F.F.; Azizi, S.; Mahdi, H.A.; Sujatha, E.R.; Ebid, A.M.; Darzi, A.G.; Aneke, F.I. Innovative Overview of SWRC Application in Modeling Geotechnical Engineering Problems. Designs 2022, 6, 69. [CrossRef]
- Garnier, P.; Angulo-Jaramillo, R.; DiCarlo, D.A.; Bauters, T.W.J.; Darnault, C.J.G.; Steenhuis, T.S.; Parlange, J.Y.; Baveye, P. Dual-energy synchrotron X ray measurements of rapid soil density and water content changes in swelling soils during infiltration. Water Resour. Res. 1998, 34, 2837-2842. [CrossRef]
- Kavur, B. Utjecaj Sušenja na Ponašanje Bubrive Stijene/Influence of Drying on Swelling Rock Behaviour. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia, 2009.
- Fredlund, D.G.; Xing, A. Equations for the soil-water characteristic curve. Can. Geotech. J. 1994, 31, 521-532. [CrossRef]
- Fredlund, D.G.; Rahardjo, H. Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils, 1st ed.; John Wiley and Sons Inc.: New York, NY, USA, 1993.
- Peng, X.; Horn, R. Modelling soil shrinkage curve across a wide range of soil types. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2005, 69, 584-592.
- Vrkljan, I.; Kavur, B. Some problems of swelling in geotechnical practice-influence of saturation on the behavior of argillaceous swelling rock (invited lecture). In Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Macedonian Association for Geotechnics, Ohrid, Macedonia, 23-25 June 2022; pp. 144-159.
- Smiles, D.E. Hydrology of swelling soils: A review. Aust. J. Soil Res. 2000, 38, 501-521. [CrossRef]
- McGarry, D.; Malafant, K.W.J. The analysis of volume change in unconfined units of soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1987, 51, 290-297.
- Raats, P.A.C. Flow of Water in Rigid and Non-Rigid, Saturated and Unsaturated Soils. In Modeling and Mechanics of Granular and Porous Materials. Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering and Technology, 1st ed.; Capriz, G., Ghionna, V.N., Giovine, P., Eds.; Birkhäuser: Boston, MA, USA, 2002.
- Talsma, T. A note on the shrinkage behaviour of a clay paste under various loads. Aust. J. Soil Res. 1977, 15, 275-277. [CrossRef]
- Tariq, A.R.; Durnford, D.S. Analytical volume change model for swelling clay soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1993, 57, 1183-1187.
- Braudeau, E.; Costantini, J.M.; Bellier, G.; Colleuille, H. New device and method for soil shrinkage curve measurement and characterization. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1999, 63, 525-535. [CrossRef]
- Groenevelt, P.H.; Grant, C.D. Re-evaluation of the structural properties of some British swelling soils. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2001, 52, 469-477. [CrossRef]
- Boivin, P.; Garnier, P.; Tessier, D. Relationship between clay content, clay type and shrinkage properties of soil samples. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2004, 68, 1145-1153. [CrossRef]
- Puppala, A.J.; Manosuthikij, T.; Chittoori, B.C.S. Swell and shrinkage characterizations of unsaturated expansive clays from Texas. Eng. Geol. 2013, 164, 187-194. [CrossRef]
- Lu, N.; Dong, Y. Correlation between soil-shrinkage curve and water-retention characteristics. J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 2017, 143, 1-11. [CrossRef]
- Li, L.; Zhang, X. A New Approach to Measure Soil Shrinkage Curve. Geotech. Test. J. 2018, 42, 1-18. [CrossRef]
- Khan, S.; Ivoke, J.; Nobahar, M. Coupled Effect of Wet-Dry Cycles and Rainfall on Highway Slope Made of Yazoo Clay. Geosciences 2019, 9, 341. [CrossRef]
- Ahmed, A.; Hossain, M.S.; Pandey, P.; Sapkota, A.; Thian, B. Deformation Modeling of Flexible Pavement in Expansive Subgrade in Texas. Geosciences 2019, 9, 446. [CrossRef]
- Shrestha, A.; Jotisankasa, A.; Chaiprakaikeow, S.; Pramusandi, S.; Soralump, S.; Nishimura, S. Determining Shrinkage Cracks Based on the Small-Strain Shear Modulus-Suction Relationship. Geosciences 2019, 9, 362. [CrossRef]
- Vail, M.; Zhu, C.; Tang, C.-S.; Anderson, L.; Moroski, M.; Montalbo-Lomboy, M.T. Desiccation Cracking Behavior of MICP-Treated Bentonite. Geosciences 2019, 9, 385. [CrossRef]
- Menon, S.; Song, X. Coupled Analysis of Desiccation Cracking in Unsaturated Soils through a Non-Local Mathematical Formula- tion. Geosciences 2019, 9, 428. [CrossRef]
- Qi, W.; Wang, C.; Zhang, Z.; Huang, M.; Xu, J. Experimental Investigation on the Impact of Drying-Wetting Cycles on the Shrink-Swell Behavior of Clay Loam in Farmland. Agriculture 2022, 12, 245. [CrossRef]
- Ivoke, J.; Khan, M.S.; Nobahar, M. Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity Variation of Expansive Yazoo Clay with Wet-Dry Cycles. Transp. Res. Rec. 2021, 2675, 629-641. [CrossRef]
- Luo, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhou, Z.; Aguilar-Lopez, J.P.; Greco, R.; Bogaard, T. Effects of dynamic changes of desiccation cracks on preferential flow: Experimental investigation and numerical modeling. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 2023, 27, 783-808. [CrossRef]
- Meshram, K.; Singh, N.; Jain, P.K. Estimation of swelling characteristics of expansive soils with influence of clay mineralogy. Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. B-Soil Plant Sci. 2021, 71, 202-207. [CrossRef]
- Rao, B.H.; Reddy, P.S.; Mohanty, B. Combined effect of mineralogical and chemical parameters on swelling behaviour of expansive soils. Sci Rep. 2021, 11, 16562. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Garnier, P.; Perrier, E.; Angulo Jaramillo, R.; Baveye, P. Numerical model of 3-dimensional anisotropic deformation and 1- dimensional water flow in swelling soils. Soil Sci. 1997, 162, 410-420. [CrossRef]
- Kim, D.J.; Jaramilo, R.A.; Vauclin, M.; Feyen, J.; Choi, S.I. Modeling of soil deformation and water flow in a swelling soil. Geoderma 1999, 92, 217-238. [CrossRef]
- Bronswijk, J.J.B. Modeling of water balance, cracking and subsidence of clay soils. J. Hydrol. 1988, 97, 199-212. [CrossRef]
- Bronswijk, J.J.B. Shrinkage geometry of a heavy clay soil at various stresses. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1990, 54, 1500-1502. [CrossRef]
- Bronswijk, J.J.B.; Evers-Vermeer, J.J. Shrinkage of Dutch clay soil aggregates. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 1990, 38, 175-194. [CrossRef]
- Kim, D.J.; Vereecken, H.; Feyen, J.; Boels, D.; Bronswijk, J.J.B. On the characterization of properties of an unripe marine clay soil in relation to physical ripening. Soil Sci. 1992, 153, 471-481. [CrossRef]
- Kim, D.J.; Vereecken, H.; Feyen, J.; Vanclooster, M.; Stroosnijder, L. A numerical model of water movement and soil deformation in a ripening marine clay soil. Model. Geo Biosph. Process. 1992, 1, 185-203.
- Garnier, P.; Rieu, M.; Boivin, P.; Vauclin, M.; Baveye, P. Determining the hydraulic properties of a swelling soil from a transient evaporation experiment. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1997, 61, 1555-1563. [CrossRef]
- Angulo-Jaramillo, R. Caracterisation Hydrodynamique de Sols Deformables Partiellement Satures: Etude Experimentale à L'aide de la Spectrome Trie Gamma Double Source. Ph.D. Thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble-INPG, Grenoble, France, 1989.
- Barataud, F.; Stemmelen, D.; Moyne, C. Identification of the hydraulic diffusivity of a soil by inverse method with dual-energy gamma ray attenuation measurements. In Parameter Identification and Inverse Problems in Hydrology, Geology and Ecology; Gottlieb, J., Du Chateau, P., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publisher: Norwell, MA, USA, 1996; pp. 123-132.
- Fredlund, D.; Fredlund, M. Application of 'Estimation Procedures' in Unsaturated Soil Mechanics. Geosciences 2020, 10, 364. [CrossRef]
- Sadeghi, H.; Golaghaei Darzi, A. A review of different approaches to analytical modeling of soil-water retention curves. Sharif J. Civ. Eng. 2021, 37, 111-123.
- Al-Mahbashi, A.M.; Elkady, T.Y.; Al-Shamrani, M.A. Hysteresis soil-water characteristic curves of highly expansive clay. Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. 2018, 22, 1041-1059. [CrossRef]
- Dong, Y.; Lu, N. Measurement of suction-stress characteristic curve under drying and wetting conditions. Geotech. Test. J. 2017, 40, 107-121. [CrossRef]
- Burton, G.J.; Pineda, J.A.; Sheng, D.; Airey, D. Microstructural changes of an undisturbed, reconstituted and compacted high plasticity clay subjected to wetting and drying. Eng. Geol. 2015, 193, 363-373. [CrossRef]
- Yong, R.N. Soil suction and soil-water potentials in swelling clays in engineered clay barriers. Eng. Geol. 1999, 54, 3-13. [CrossRef]
- Kavur, B.; Vrkljan, I.; Znidarčić, D. Prediction of Rock Swelling Behaviour. In Proceedings of the Sri Lankan Geotechnical Society's First International Conference on Soil & Rock Engineering, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 6-12 August 2007.
- Disclaimer/Publisher's Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.