Responsive Video format for adaptive streaming

Proceedings of the first annual ACM SIGMM conference on Multimedia systems - MMSys '10, 2010

We propose a general quality-power adaptation framework that controls the perceived video quality and the length of viewing time on battery-powered video receivers. The framework can be used for standalone video devices (e.g., DVD players and notebooks) as well as mobile receivers obtaining video signals from wireless networks (e.g., mobile TV and video streaming over WiMAX). Furthermore, the framework supports both live streams (e.g., live TV shows) and pre-encoded video streams (e.g., DVD movies). We present an adaptation algorithm for each mobile device to determine the optimal substream that can be received, decoded, and rendered to the user at the: (i) highest quality for a given viewing time, and (ii) longest viewing time for a given quality without exceeding the battery level constraint. We instantiate this framework and work out its details for mobile video broadcast networks. In particular, we propose a new video broadcast scheme that enables mobile video devices to efficiently adapt scalable video streams and achieve power saving proportional to the bit rates of the received streams. We implement the proposed framework in an actual mobile video streaming testbed and we conduct experiments using real video streams broadcast to mobile phones. These experiments show the practicality of the proposed framework and the possibility of achieving viewing time scalability. For example, on a mobile phone receiving and decoding the same video program, a viewing time in the range from 4 to 11 hours can be achieved by adaptively controlling the frame rate and visual quality of the video stream.

Sustainability

The demand for multimedia content over the Internet protocol network is growing exponentially with Internet users’ growth. Despite high reliability and well-defined infrastructure for Internet protocol communication, Quality of Experience (QoE) is the primary focus of multimedia users while getting multimedia contents with flawless or smooth video streaming in less time with high availability. Failure to provide satisfactory QoE results in the churning of the viewers. QoE depends on various factors, such as those related to the network infrastructure that significantly affects perceived quality. Furthermore, the video delivery’s impact also plays an essential role in the overall QoE that can be made efficient by delivering content through specialized content delivery architectures called Content Delivery Networks (CDNs). This article proposes a design that enables effective and efficient streaming, distribution, and caching multimedia content. Moreover, experiments are carried out f...

2011

HTTP-based delivery for Video on Demand (VoD) has been gaining popularity within recent years. Progressive Download over HTTP, typically used in VoD, takes advantage of the widely deployed network caches to relieve video servers from sending the same content to a high number of users in the same access network. However, due to a sharp increase in the requests at peak hours or due to cross-traffic within the network, congestion may arise in the cache feeder link or access link respectively. Since the connection characteristics may vary over the time, with Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), a technique that has been recently proposed, video clients may dynamically adapt the requested video quality for ongoing video flows, to match their current download rate as good as possible. In this work we show the benefits of using the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) for such a DASH environment.

Communications …, 2002

International Journal of Computer Applications, 2012

Streaming video applications on the Internet generally have very high bandwidth requirements and yet are often unresponsive to network congestion. In order to avoid congestion collapse and improve video quality, these applications need to respond to congestion in the network by deploying mechanisms to reduce their bandwidth requirements under conditions of heavy load. Unfortunately current video applications scale to fit the available bandwidth without regard to the video content. In this paper a dynamic content-aware scaling mechanism will be presented that reduces the bandwidth occupied by an application. This has been achieved by dropping frames (temporal scaling) and by reducing the quality of the frames transmitted (quality scaling). Based on internet connection speed of the client, a streaming video client and server that is capable of scaling MPEG stream using temporal and quality scaling have been designed.

Advances in Multimedia, 2014

Video streaming is predicted to become the dominating traffic in mobile broadband networks. At the same time, adaptive HTTP streaming is developing into the preferred way of streaming media over the Internet. In this paper, we evaluate how different components of a streaming system can be optimized when serving content to mobile devices in particular. We first analyze the media traffic from a Norwegian network and media provider. Based on our findings, we outline benefits and challenges for HTTP streaming, on the sender and the receiver side, and we investigate how HTTP-based streaming affects server performance. Furthermore, we discuss various aspects of efficient coding of the video segments from both performance and user perception point of view. The final part of the paper studies efficient adaptation and delivery to mobile devices over wireless networks. We experimentally evaluate and improve adaptation strategies, multilink solutions, and bandwidth prediction techniques. Based...

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011

2005 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology

Since there are no Quality of Service QoS guarantees for video streaming over best-effort IP networks, adaptation for both the audio and video streams of an established real-time streaming session must be applied to respond to network congestion conditions. In many video streaming applications, either the audio or the video stream for the same audio/video streamed content is more semantically important than the other. Hence it is better to let this stream, in cases of congestion, suffers less degradation in quality even if that imposed the other stream to suffer more degradation. This paper proposes a simple but efficient application-level content aware adaptive video streaming system that is primarily configured by the previously noted more semantically important stream. The system monitors the end-to-end network congestion level. In congestion cases the system degrades in steps the quality of the less important stream first. Then it moves, if necessary, to the other stream to degrade, according to a predefined adaptation mechanism. The system then triggers when the congestion case is over in order to start upgrading the degraded streams gradually back to their initially established states if the network conditions permit. This new concept in adaptation, when tested, lead video streaming applications users to be more satisfied with Internet video streaming services.

26th AIPR Workshop: Exploiting New Image Sources and Sensors, 1998

This paper describes the design and implementation of a real-time, streaming, Internet video and audio player. The player has a number of advanced features including dynamic adaptation to changes in available bandwidth, latency and latency variation; a multi-dimensional media scaling capability driven by user-specified quality of service (QoS) requirements; and support for complex content comprising multiple synchronized video and audio streams. The player was developed as part of the QUASAR † project at Oregon Graduate Institute, is freely available, and serves as a testbed for research in adaptive resource management and QoS control.

2012

Abstract—Universal Multimedia Access (UMA) refers to accessing multimedia content over a wide range of client terminals and network capacities. Layered coding has been a very popular technique to enable UMA for video. Since only a limited number of layers can be stored for each video, some clients get less quality than what they expect or can handle. This is a major drawback of scalable coding from the end-user perspective. We propose to employ transcoding to tailor content exactly to the client’s best-fit quality when the corresponding layer is not stored. Inserting a transcoding element in the server-client path introduces new challenges in deciding the layering structure (number of layers, bandwidth per layer) of a video. The optimal layering structure should be decided based on factors like total I/O bandwidth penalty incurred and transcoding effort required to service the “non-layered ” versions. The solution to this problem is further complicated by practical issues like diver...