Syntactic and Semantic Analysis on Nadia Murad’s Nobel Lecture

Purpose: To analyse sentence (simple type, statement form) in terms of three types of grammar: traditional, structural and transformational grammars in addition to presenting some hints about analysing sentences which are semantically the same but with different word order, from the point of view of the three grammatical approaches.

International Journal of Linguistics, 2012

Prepositional phrases may take different roles in Persian sentences as independent constituents. They can also act as constituents dependent to nominal, adjectival and adverbial phrases. Role and Reference Grammar presents a general classification of prepositional phrases. This classification is applied to prepositional phrases in Persian in this paper. In this theory, prepositions are categorized as either predicative or non-predicative. The former provides semantic information for the clause in which it occurs. The latter bear no semantic information for the clause and the nominal phrase occurring with them is determined by the predicate.The prepositional phrases are also classified into three groups of adjunct prepositional phrases, argument-marking, and argument-adjunct. In the first group, the predicative prepositions as heads, take the syntactic adjunct position. In the second group, the non-predicative prepositions don't add substantial semantic information to the clause and the nominal phrase occurring with them is determined by the predicate. It means that the prepositional phrase is one of the arguments of the predicate. The third group contains predicative prepositions that add to the meaning of the sentence. In addition, argument-adjunct prepositional phrases introduce one of the participants in the event. This study demonstrates that the prepositional phrases in Persian have different functions. They not only take an adjunctive role but also act as argument for the predicates of different kinds

2016

The strength of the relationship between two sets of sentence in the Arabic text is introduced or reintroduced by looking the correlative conjunction between the sentences. The sentence is the largest unit of grammatical organization within which parts of speech (such as: nouns, verbs, adverbs) and grammatical classes (for example: word, phrase, clause). In Arabic language, a sentence normally contains two basic main ellement, such as ( mubtada’ + khabar )/ (S + V + O) in jumlah ismiyyah and ( f’il + fa’il )/ (V+S+O) in jumlah fi’liyyah . This is the main sentence pattern in Arabic language, a structure which is considered a basic grammatical pattern for Arabic sentences, which can be used as a model for producing other sentences in the language. This article will elaborate the correlation between grammatical and meaning in the arabic sentences in the Islamic moral ethic book, such as: Bidayatul-Hidayah and al-Qira’ah ar-Rasyidah . There are two kinds of sentences in Arabic language...

Egyptian Journal of Linguistics and Translation, 2015

The present paper is concerned with highlighting the importance and significance of the semanticsyntactic interface for the expression and interpretation of linguistic structures. This interface is represented by the correlation of role archetypes like agent, patient and experiencer and grammatical relations like subject and direct object. This study is conducted within the framework of Langacker's model of cognitive grammar theory which asserts the indispensability of this interface for any satisfactory analysis of linguistic constructions. This functional approach is intended to be reactionary to formal approaches which advocate the autonomy of syntax from semantics. Thus in formal theories, some syntactic issues like grammatical relations are identified and characterised with no reference to semantic considerations. By contrast, cognitive grammar regards grammatical relations and syntactic aspects like case markers as notionally grounded. Thus their identity and description follow the cognitive psychology principle of figure/ground organization. Thus the subject usually corresponds to an entity that is the focus of attention or the most important participant in a 2.?as8adat ru?yatuk ?aḥmada made happy seeing you Ahmed We find that the experiencer role, specified by the NP Ahmed in both sentences, receives the nominative case marking in 1 and the accusative in 2. It is also noticed that the semantic features of the verbs in 1 and 2 are dissimilar. This is ascribed to the fact that the conceptual organization of the elements in each situation determines the syntactic aspects in linguistic constructions such as case endings and verb form. The Experiencer role has been selected as it represents a wide range of human conceptual, emotional and perceptual interactions.

Digilib UINSA Surabaya, 2016

Hodairiyah. 2016. Grammatical Cohesion Used in Nawal El-Sadawi’s Woman at Point Zero. Thesis, English Department. Faculty of Arts and Humanities. The State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya. The Advisor : Dr. A. DzoulMilal, M. Pd. Key words : Discourse, Grammatical Cohesion, Woman at Point Zero novel. The researcher uses novel to be object of research. The novel is taken from Nawal El-Saadawi’s Woman at point Zero. This thesis presents the types of grammatical cohesion that is used by Nawal El-Saadawi’s in her novel “Woman at Point Zero”. Furthermore, the researcher has two research problems. Those are what are the types of grammatical cohesion found in Nawal El-Saadawi Woman at Point Zero and what are the functions of grammatical cohesion found in Nawal El-Saadawi Woman at point Zero. Based on the explanation above, this research focuses on the types of grammatical cohesion used by Nawal El-Saadawi’s novel and the function of types of grammatical cohesion in Nawal El-Saadawi’s novel. The researcher uses the types of grammatical cohesion theory by Halliday (1976) to analyze the types of grammatical cohesion and describes the function of types of grammatical cohesion. To supporting this research of types of grammatical cohesion used in Nawal El-Saadawi’s novel, the researcher uses the qualitative methods to analyze each word, phrase, and sentence in this novel. Then the researcher describes the conclusion from each word, phrase, and sentence. The data is taken from fragment of sentences that contains the types of grammatical cohesion in Nawal ElSaadawi’s novel. The discussion in this analysis includes the types of grammatical cohesion. They are reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction that found in Nawal El-Saadawi’s novel. Then the researcher also describes about the function the types of grammatical cohesion based on Halliday’s theory. The results of this study are (1) Reference that included into personal reference, demonstrative reference, definite article reference, comparative reference. (2) Substitution, those are nominal substitution, verbal substitution, and clausal substitution. (3) Ellipsis, those are nominal Ellipsis, Verbal Ellipsis, and Clausal Ellipsis. (4) Conjunction, those are Additive, Adversative, Clausal, and Temporal. And the function of the types of grammatical cohesion 1) reference are “to avoid repeating the same words”, “to point out a scale of proximity”, and “to compare something or situation”. 2) Substitution is to change word or clause and to simplify a sentence. 3). Ellipsis is to simplify a sentence as substitution, but the rule of ellipsis is omitting word or clause. Then, 4). conjunction is to correlate two words, phrase, clause, or sentence.

2009

The research studies the role of the Grammatical Government in interpreting Vowel and Semantic Changes in Arabic grammar in explaining the semantic changes resulting from phonetic changes, especially in respect to vowels. In order to signify the changing of vowel, the role of grammatical government will be accounted based on some cases in Arabic grammar.

Epos Revista De Filologia, 1997

Adjectives form a structure of predication made on the base of three components: the semantic component, the predicatíve component and the syntactic component. The semantic component is the base for the adjective to mean and relate with other words; the predicative component is the base for the adjective to créate a predication; and the syntactic component is the manifestation of the other two, that is, the extemal manifestation of the adjective. When an adjective is in a combination the semantic structure of the combination is the display of the structure of meaning in the adjective. Both the semantic component and the predicative component of adjectives need definition and specification. The aim of this article is to analyse the predicative defínition of the adjective and the functions it performs when it enters a combination. ^ With this expression I mean the systematization of the facts of experíence made by the language, coiresponding to meaning by Coseríu (cf. the levéis of linguistic content by Coseríu (COSE-Riu, 1992: 96). ' Cf. Coseríu (COSERÍU, 1982: 291-309). •• Cf. the levéis of linguistic content by Coseríu (COSERÍU, 1992: 96). ' Cf. Dik (DiK I98I: chapter 2). ' I use the expression 'state of affairs', taken from EHk (DIK, 1981: chapter 3 and 1979: chapter 5), meaning the particular rearrangement of experíence denoted in a particular word or expression.