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Title
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Analysis of SPRING-1 on Ansys 18.0
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Moderation in the blueprint of two wheeler’s suspension spring

Profile image of Harsh JindalHarsh Jindal

INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL AND COMPUTER TECHNIQUES: ICACCT-2021

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0108924
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10 pages

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Abstract

This is a computational study of the suspension spring of two wheeler's followed by modification suggestions. The current methods of calculations of the spring parameters fail to account for the role of the spring pitch in developing stresses. Stresses and deflections are critical factors for designing a sustainable spring and play critical roles in the performance. This paper suggests reducing the stresses developed by varying the pitch while proving the correlation between pitch variation and stress production. This is accomplished by geometric modeling of different models of spring and simulating it with applied boundary conditions. The study is further extending to propose ways to reduce stresses in the spring. Finally, the suggested changes can reduce the maximum stresses in the suspension spring components by as much as 50%, from 1963MPa in the original spring to 958MPa in a double coilspring.

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FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HELICAL COMPRESSION SPRING FOR TWO WHEELER AUTOMATIVE FRONT SUSPENSION
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Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research ., 2019

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References (14)

  1. Hence, we can observe from the above data that the stresses in the Proposed design, i.e., Double Coil HelicalSpring, have considerably reduced compared to the stresses induced in Spring-1 and Spring-2[9].
  2. The variation of deflection and stress concerning the variation in pitch for spring-1 can be observed as follows (allthe graphs below are plotted onMATLAB)[10]: REFERENCES
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  9. N. Rustagi, A. Kumar, L. Norbu, and D. Vyas, "Applying Haddon Matrix for Evaluation of Road Crash Victims in Delhi, India," Indian J. Surg., vol. 80, no. 5, pp. 479-487, 2018, doi: 10.1007/s12262-017-1632-0.
  10. C. Jettanasen, P. Songsukthawan, and A. Ngaopitakkul, "Development of micro-mobility based on piezoelectric energy harvesting for smart city applications," Sustain., vol. 12, no. 7, 2020, doi: 10.3390/su12072933.
  11. S. Egashira, Y. Wang, and K. Tanaka, "Fine-Grained Cryptography Revisited," Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. (including Subser. Lect. Notes Artif. Intell. Lect. Notes Bioinformatics), vol. 11923 LNCS, no. 1, pp. 637-666, 2019, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-34618-8_22.
  12. H. Feng et al., "A novel feature-guided trajectory generation method based on point cloud for robotic grinding of freeform welds," Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol. 115, no. 5-6, pp. 1763-1781, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s00170-021-07095-2.
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  14. S. A. Sree Ram, P. Raja, and K. Sreedaran, "Optimization of rollover stability for a three-wheeler vehicle," Adv. Manuf., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 279-288, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s40436-017-0191-8.

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IRJET- Modification in the Design of Two Wheeler's Suspension Spring using Finite Element Analysis and Observing variation of Stress and Deflection with varying Pitch of the Spring
IRJET Journal

IRJET, 2021

This is a computational study of the suspension spring of two wheeler's followed by modification suggestions. The current methods of calculations of the spring parameters fail to account for the role of the spring pitch in developing stresses. Stresses and deflections are critical factors for designing a sustainable spring and play critical roles in the performance. This paper suggests reducing the stresses developed by varying the pitch while proving the correlation between pitch variation and stress production. This is accomplished by geometric modeling of different models of spring and simulating it with applied boundary conditions. The study is further extending to propose ways to reduce stresses in the spring. Finally, the suggested changes can reduce the maximum stresses in the suspension spring components by as much as 50%, from 1963MPa in the original spring to 958MPa in a double coil spring.

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MODELING, ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF COIL SPRING FOR SUSPENSION
Dr. Tushar M Patel

in a vehicle, shock absorbers reduce the effect of traveling over rough ground, leading to improved ride quality and vehicle handling. While shock absorbers serve the purpose of limiting excessive suspension movement, their intended sole purpose is to damp spring oscillations. In this project a shock absorber is designed and a 3D model is created using CREO 3. Structural analysis and modal analysis are done on the shock absorber by varying shapes of titanium material. The analysis is done by considering loads, bike weight, persons sitting on it. Structural analysis is done to validate the strength and modal analysis is done to determine the directional deformation for different shapes of spring wire. Comparison is done for different shapes to verify best shape for spring in Shock absorber. Modeling is done in CREO 3 and analysis is done in ANSYS. CREO 3 is the standard in 3D product design, featuring industry-leading productivity tools that promote best practices in design. A shock absorber or damper is a mechanical device designed to smooth out or damp shock impulse, and dissipate kinetic energy. When a vehicle is traveling on a level road and the wheels strike a bump, the spring is compressed quickly. The compressed spring will attempt to return to its normal loaded length and, in so doing, will rebound past its normal height, causing the body to be lifted. The weight of the vehicle will then push the spring down below its normal loaded height. This, in turn, causes the spring to rebound again. This bouncing process is repeated over and over, a little less each time, until the up-and-down movement finally stops. If bouncing is allowed to go uncontrolled, it will not only cause an uncomfortable ride but will make handling of the vehicle very difficult. The design of spring in suspension system is very important. II. LITERATURE REVIEW Henter (1980) have invented that, when wheel is being urged out of alignment by side stress, there is a oppose flow of hydraulic fluid from one hydraulic-piston to other side of piston chamber and wheel remains at right angle to the longitudinal plane of rotation of the wheel (Henter & Warren, 1980). Chavan et al. (2013) researched on mono suspension system that it is easier to adjust. This mono suspension improves traveling, handling and decrease friction loss, and also explains when occupant run over a bump on a motorcycle with two shock absorbers, both the shock absorbers compress, but there is not at all a situation when both of them compress equally. It leads to downgrade dynamics when it comes to steadiness. But with a single shock absorber, this problem can be solved (Chavan, Margaje & Chinchorkar, 2013). Dhayakar et al. (2015) have designed and analyzed on hydraulic shock absorber in which hydraulic shock absorbers with internal coil spring let front wheel to act in response to imperfection on the road while separating the rest of the vehicle from that motion. In that design only one shock to adjust, and there are no concerns about matching two shocks (Dhayakar, Vinu, Manoj & Shanmugasundaram, 2015). Takahashi et al. (2014) have concluded in their research that when using a rectangle cross section with high rectangular ratio as a coil spring. It is much more cost effective in manufacturing than the conventional machining. It also reduces the spring constant compare to a circular cross section. Also the work-hardening enlarged the elastic limit and leading the safety of the coil spring, compared to the machined coil spring (Tsubouchi, Takahashi & Kuboki, 2014).

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NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A FRONT SUSPENSION COIL SPRING FOR THREE WHEELER VEHICLE
DATTA SURASHE

Basically the spring is a flexible component of suspension system. In Modern transport vehicles usually use light coil springs. For this reason present paper used the analytical methods and finite element analysis for the selection of helical compression spring with number of turns. Using Finite Element Analysis completed the modelling, meshing and post processing of front suspension spring. The present work attempts to analyze the load of the three wheeler vehicle front suspension spring with SP ST GRD II material. This investigation includes comparison of software and theoretical analyses of coil spring made of SP ST GRD II material suggested the suitability for optimum design. This work also determined the structural strength of coil spring using the finite element analysis. Based on theoretical and software result comparison the optimum turns which meet all requirements was suggested.

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Design and Analysis of Wave Spring for Two Wheeler Rear Suspension System – A Review
IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research and Development

— Since many years there is so many research work done on helical spring due to its vast range of working and reliability in various sector, like machines, automobiles etc. All researcher have modified design, changed materials for various purpose. But the conventional spring still in use. Now, with change in time and technology better to find alternative option for it. Wave spring which is different from conventional design, was first conceptualized by the SMALLEY Industries, U.S.A. in 1990's for purpose of to keep machine component connected by spring pressure. They use the Hooke's law while designing of it. Wave spring occupies 50% less space than conventional spring, also it have long lasting effectiveness and good durability. For the two wheeler rear suspension system wave spring is designed with the same dimensions of helical spring. The spring is designed and analyzed both theoretically and numerically. Load is considered as the bike weight and two person weight. Structural steel and copper alloy are taken as the spring material. In theoretical analysis the analytical equations are used where as in numerical analysis the structural and fatigue analysis is performed. This present study focuses on the selection of the best spring with the best material for the two wheeler rear suspension system. Soild works is used for the designing of the spring and analysis is performed by the ANSYS. I. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A SHOCK ABSORBER In this research paper the significance of shock absorber in two wheeler is described. Generally the shock absorber is used to reduce the effect of up and down movement due to road surface. That's why bouncing process is being continued and creates the problem in the management of vehicle. The model of shock absorber can also be changed by the varying the thickness of the spring. Design is done by using Pro/Engineering and analysis done by ANSYS. By applying the two different materials like spring steel and beryllium copper, analysis is performed. It results that for spring steel we found the low stress value and as changing diameter of the spring, the less quantity of material will use. Improved design is done by decreasing 2mm diameter of spring than actual diameter. By comparing analysis of both spring and for both material, we found that SS is best material and the modified design is safe. Fig. 1: Modified design of helical spring A. Failure Analysis of a Helical Compression Spring for a Heavy Vehicle's Suspension System. The conventional helical spring which is used in the automobile system has one big problem of fatigue failure. We can found that spring ususally fractured at the conversion position. From the bearing coil to the first active coil. In a heavy vehicle suspension spring analysis, there are observations/operations used which are visual observations, scanning electron microscopy, stress analysis, chemical and microstructure analysis. After all the mentioned inspections, it revealed that stress singularities due to non-hertzian contact between bearing coil and first active coil invites the fatigue crack initiation. Observation resulted that we shave to adopt the non-closed ends design to avoid wear and corrosion of spring. Local hard facing to protect from wear applied on the end coils if necessary.

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Comparison Of Weights Of Steel And Composite Coil Spring For Two Wheeler Suspension Systems
rajaram shinde

2018

Thepresent article givesinformation on design of steel and composite coil spring for two-wheelerapplication. The reason to develop the composite coil spring is to minimize the weight of coil spring. In this article, study has been done on a two-wheeler vehicle. Dimensions of the exiting steel coil spring are measured. The load on the spring has been calculated mathematically. Deflection, shear stress, weight and stiffness are calculated using dimensions of existing steel coil spring https://journalnx.com/journal-article/20150480

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