Papers by Bruce Eglington
Granitic record of the assembly of the Asian continent
Earth-Science Reviews
BFF Reczko, JD Oberholzer, M. Res. 505
The Use of Robotics in Deriving High Resolution Climate/Environmental Information from Tree Ring Cellulose
Indian Precambrian Paleomagnetism: Updates and Future Efforts
SUPERCONTINENT, Sep 25, 2012
84 INDIAN PRECAMBRIAN PALEOMAGNETISM: UPDATES AND FUTURE EFFORTS Joseph G. Meert1; Manoj K. Pandi... more 84 INDIAN PRECAMBRIAN PALEOMAGNETISM: UPDATES AND FUTURE EFFORTS Joseph G. Meert1; Manoj K. Pandit2, Mercedes Belica1, Vimal Pradhan3, Joshua Davis4, Candler Turner1, George D. Kamenov1 and Matthew Celestino1 1. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA 2. Department of Geology, University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India 3. Sunburst Consulting, Billings, Montana, USA 4. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, USA Peninsular India is host to ...
Assembling Nuna: What, When and Where? A Perspective from Deep-Time Plate Reconstruction Modelling
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 2020
THE CAMBRIAN UPLIFT HISTORY OF W. DRONNING MAUD LAND, ANTARCTICA : NEW 40AR/39AR AND SR AND ND DA... more THE CAMBRIAN UPLIFT HISTORY OF W. DRONNING MAUD LAND, ANTARCTICA : NEW 40AR/39AR AND SR AND ND DATA. Geoffrey Grantham1 † , Jan Kramers1 , Bruce Eglington2 , Erasmus Burger3 1Dept. of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa, 2Saskatchewan Isotope Laboratory, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, 3Department of Geology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Canada’s First National-Scale Mineral Potential Model
Goldschmidt Abstracts, 2020
Geoscience Frontiers, 2019
Mozambique. Zircon grains in these granitic rocks are typically elongated and oscillatory zoned, ... more Mozambique. Zircon grains in these granitic rocks are typically elongated and oscillatory zoned, suggesting magmatic origins. Zircons from the granitoid intrusions analyzed in this study suggest w1025e1100 Ma ages, which confirm widespread Mesoproterozoic A-type granitic magmatism in the Namaqua-Natal (South Africa), Maud (Antarctica) and Mozambique metamorphic terrains. No older inherited (e.g., w2500 Ma Achean basement or w1200 Ma island arc magmatism in northern Natal) zircon grains were seen. Four plutons from the Natal Belt (Mvoti Pluton, Glendale Pluton, Kwalembe Pluton, Ntimbankulu Pluton) display 1050e1040 Ma ages, whereas the Nthlimbitwa Pluton in northern Natal indicates older 1090e1080 Ma ages. A sample from Sverdrupfjella, Antarctica has w1091 Ma old zircons along with w530 Ma metamorphic rims. Similarly, four samples analysed from the Nampula Province of Mozambique suggest crystallization ages of w1060e1090 Ma but also show significant discordance with two samples showing younger w550 Ma overgrowths. None of the Natal samples show any younger overgrowths. A single sample from southwestern Namaqualand yielded an age of w1033 Ma. Currently available chronological data suggest magmatism took place in the Namaqua-Natal-Maud-Mozambique (NNMM) belt between w1025 Ma and w1100 Ma with two broad phases between w1060e1020 Ma and 1100e1070 Ma respectively, with peaks at between w1030e1040 Ma and w1070 e1090 Ma. The age data from the granitic intrusions from Namaqualand, combined with those from Natal, Antarctica and Mozambique suggest a crude spatial-age relationship with the older >1070 Ma ages being largely restricted close to the eastern and western margins of the Kalahari Craton in northern Natal, Mozambique, Namaqualand and WDML Antarctica whereas the younger <1060 Ma ages dominate in southern Natal and western Namaqualand and are largely restricted to the southern and possibly the western margins of the Kalahari Craton. The older ages of magmatism partially overlap with or are marginally younger than the intracratonic Mkondo Large Igneous Province intruded into or extruded onto the Kalahari Craton, suggesting a tectonic relationship with the Maud Belt. Similar ages from granitic augen gneisses in Sri Lanka suggest a continuous belt stretching from Namaqualand to Sri Lanka in a reconstituted Gondwana, formed during the terminal stages of amalgamation of Rodinia and predating the East African Orogen. This contiguity contributes to defining the extent of Rodinia-age crustal blocks, subsequently fragmented by the dispersal of Rodinia and Gondwana.
ENGELBRECHT, JP Contact metamorphic processes related to the aureole of the Bushveld Complex in the Marico District, westem Transvaal, South Africa ERIKSSON, PG see SCHREIBER, UM
Mineralium Deposita, 2008
We studied a number of magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits in two distinct belts in eastern Bot... more We studied a number of magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits in two distinct belts in eastern Botswana. The Tati belt contains several relatively small deposits (up to 4.5 Mt of ore at 2.05% Ni and 0.85% Cu) at Phoenix, Selkirk and Tekwane. The deposits are hosted by ca 2.7 Ga, low-to medium-grade metamorphosed gabbroic-troctolitic intrusions situated within or at the periphery of a greenstone belt. The deposits of the Selebi-Phikwe belt are larger in size (up to 31 Mt of ore grade). They are hosted by highgrade metamorphosed gabbronorites, pyroxenites and peridotites believed to be older than ca 2.0 Ga that intruded gneisses of the Central Zone of the Limpopo metamorphic belt. The composition of the sulfide mineralisation in the two belts shows systematic variation. Most of the mineralisation in the Tati belt contains 2-9% Ni and 0.05-4% Cu (Cu/Cu + Ni=0.4-0.7), whereas most of the mineralisation in the Selebi-Phikwe belt contains 1-3% Ni and 0.1-4% Cu Keywords Nickel-copper deposits. Platinum-group elements. Phoenix. Selkirk .
Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2006
Juvenile crust formation within the Namaqua-Natal Belt occurred during two principal periods at 1... more Juvenile crust formation within the Namaqua-Natal Belt occurred during two principal periods at 1.4 and 2.2 Ga with little evidence for significant contributions from older crustal sources. Palaeoproterozoic lavas and associated calc-alkaline granitoids are preserved in the Richtersveld sub-province and, to a much lesser extent, in the Bushmanland sub-province. Development of crust within the Aggeneys and Okiep terranes of the Bushmanland sub-province during the Mesoproterozoic involved significant reworking of pre-existing Palaeoproterozoic lithosphere, whereas the Garies terrane (Bushmanland sub-province) and the Gordonia and Natal subprovinces show little or no reworking of older protoliths. Deformation of Archaean components is evident near the southwestern margin of the Kaapvaal Craton but there is no evidence for a significant Eburnean (1.8 Ga) orogeny in the Kheis sub-province. Rather, the 'Kheisian' fabric is now dated as younger than 1.3 Ga, and is thus an early phase of the Mesoproterozoic evolution of the Namaqua-Natal Belt. Graben formation with associated extrusion of lavas and deposition of sediments of the Koras Group occurred relatively early in the history of the Belt, predating most of the intrusive granitoid activity evident in other sub-provinces. Early, juvenile, dominantly mafic to intermediate Mesoproterozoic igneous units formed at 1.2-1.3 Ga in the Gordonia and Natal sub-provinces. Two major periods of granitoid intrusion occurred at 1.15 and 1.03-1.08 Ga and were both of regional extent. The Little Namaqualand Suite intruded at 1.15 Ga in the Bushmanland sub-province, as did various individual plutons in the Gordonia and Natal sub-provinces. Spektakel, Keimoes and Oribi Gorge Suite granitoids, often megacrystic in character, were emplaced at 1.03-1.08 Ga. These latter granitoid suites each span several structural terranes, indicating that accretion of these domains was essentially complete by 1.03 Ga. Igneous activity as part of the Namaqua-Natal orogenesis was concluded by 1.0 Ga throughout the belt. Subsequent 0.85-0.75 Ga magmatism, evident only in the west, reflects the start of a new cycle which ultimately produced the Damara and Gariep belts. The dominant, penetrative regional fabric was produced prior to peak metamorphism at 1.02-1.04 Ga. Limited geochronological evidence also records an earlier phase of high-grade metamorphism at 1.16 Ga in both the western and eastern sectors of the Belt. Transcurrent shearing is dated at 1.06-1.03 Ga in the Natal sub-province. Equivalent shearing, although not directly dated, also occurred in the west as a result of indentor tectonics produced by collision with the Kaapvaal Craton. Subsequent exhumation and cooling of the rocks of the Namaqua-Natal Belt resulted in temperatures as low as 350°C by 0.95 Ga. Except in the Gariep Belt and its foreland in the west, there is little evidence for subsequent, Pan-African overprinting or activity within the Namaqua-Natal Belt. The age of the supracrustal gneisses remains contentious. Early, 2 Ga metavolcanics and metasediments in the Richtersveld subprovince are presumably also present in parts of the Bushmanland sub-province because granitoids of that age occur in both sub-provinces. The Koeris amphibolites from the Bushmanland Group have provided a 1.65 Ga Sm-Nd date, whereas supracrustal gneisses in the Garies terrane (Bushmanland sub-province), Gordonia sub-province and Natal sub-province have provided 1.2 to 1.3 Ga dates. It therefore seems likely that supracrustal lithologies were deposited during at least three intervals as the Namaqua-Natal Belt developed.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2008
carbon cycle Lomagundi Event carbon isotope fractionation between organic and carbonate carbon oc... more carbon cycle Lomagundi Event carbon isotope fractionation between organic and carbonate carbon ocean redox state The Lomagundi (2.22-2.1 Ga) positive carbon isotope excursion in shallow-marine sedimentary carbonates has been associated with the rise in atmospheric oxygen, but subsequent studies have demonstrated that the carbon isotope excursion was preceded by the rise in atmospheric oxygen. The amount of oxygen released to the exosphere during the Lomagundi excursion is constrained by the average global fractionation between inorganic and organic carbon, which is poorly characterized. Because dissolved inorganic and organic carbon reservoirs were arguably larger in the Paleoproterozoic ocean, at a time of lower solar luminosity and lower ocean redox state, decoupling between these two variables might be expected. We determined carbon isotope values of carbonate and organic matter in carbonates and shales of the Silverton Formation, South Africa and in the correlative Sengoma Argillite Formation, near the border in Botswana. These units were deposited between 2.22 and 2.06 Ga along the margin of the Kaapvaal Craton in an open-marine deltaic setting and experienced lower greenschist facies metamorphism. The prodelta to offshore marine shales are overlain by a subtidal carbonate sequence. Carbonates exhibit elevated 13 C values ranging from 8.3 to 11.2‰ vs. VPDB consistent with deposition during the Lomagundi positive excursion. The total organic carbon (TOC) contents range from 0.01 to 0.6% and δ 13 C values range from −24.8 to −13.9‰. Thus, the isotopic fractionation between organic and carbonate carbon was on average 30.3 ± 2.8‰ (n = 32) in the shallow-marine environment. The underlying Sengoma shales have highly variable TOC contents (0.14 to 21.94%) and δ 13 C values (−33.7 to −20.8‰) with an average of −27.0 ± 3.0‰ (n = 50). Considering that the shales were also deposited during the Lomagundi excursion, and taking δ 13 C values of the overlying carbonates as representative of the δ 13 C value of dissolved inorganic carbon during shale deposition, a carbon isotope fractionation as large as~37‰ appears to characterize the production of bulk organic matter in the deeper part of the Pretoria Basin at that time. This enhanced fractionation relative to that observed in shallow-water environments likely reflects heterotrophic (secondary) and chemotrophic productivity at and below a pronounced redoxcline, consistent with the euxinic conditions inferred from independent evidence for the deeper part of the Pretoria Basin. Greater variability in organic carbon vs. carbonate carbon isotopic values on the shallow-marine carbonate platform suggests that the carbon cycling was dominated by a large dissolved inorganic carbon reservoir during the Lomagundi excursion. Our study suggests that in contrast to the Late Neoproterozoic and Phanerozoic, when carbon isotope fractionation between carbonate and organic carbon in the open ocean was mostly controlled by primary producers, in the Paleoproterozoic redox-stratified ocean heterotrophic and chemotrophic productivity overprinted a signal of primary productivity below the redoxcline. This strong imprint of heterotrophic and chemotrophic productivity on organic carbon isotope records complicates the reconstruction of spatial patterns and secular trends in the δ 13 C values of dissolved inorganic carbon in the Paleoproterozoic seawater.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1998
In the Buhera district of SE Zimbabwe the Dorowa and Shawa complexes are composed of dolomitic ca... more In the Buhera district of SE Zimbabwe the Dorowa and Shawa complexes are composed of dolomitic carbonatites with MgO and Mg# values comparable to those anticipated for mantle melts. These carbonatites are associated with olivine-bearing nephelinitic plugs and dykes which are correlatives of the picritic and nephelinitic lavas of the basal Karoo volcanic succession in the Nuanetsi-North Lebombo (NNL) region. The NNL volcanics are isotopically anomalous. Previous detailed Sr, Nd, Pb and Os isotopic studies indicate that the anomalous signatures result from mixing between enriched lithospheric mantle and deep mantle plume material. New geochemical and isotopic data are presented which reveal that the Buhera nephelinites have signatures similar to, but more enriched, than those of the NNL attaining " Nd values of 22 to 15 at " Sr of C8 to C20. By contrast the Shawa carbonatites are not isotopically anomalous with " Nd (0 to C1/ and " Sr .C3 to C6/ comparable to the 'mildly depleted mantle' signature typical of carbonatites globally. A single analysis of a Dorowa carbonatite has an intermediate signature ." Sr C 7; " Nd 10/. These relationships provide unequivocal evidence that the Buhera nephelinites and carbonatites were derived from discrete, unrelated parental magmas derived from different sub-cratonic mantle segments. Clearly, the source of the Shawa carbonatites must lie below the zone of ancient LREE enriched lithosphere sampled by the Buhera and NNL silicate magmas and their isotopic signatures more closely approximate the asthenospheric component identified in the NNL picrites. As such these results require the existence of discrete carbonatite magmas at mantle depths in excess of those producing nephelinitic magmatism.
The Colombian Geochronological Database (CGD)
Geochronological databases are powerful tools for characterizing the crustal evolution and the ag... more Geochronological databases are powerful tools for characterizing the crustal evolution and the age spectra of a region and allow comparison with other areas at a regional scale. In this contribution, we present the Colombian Geochronological Database (CGD), which contains a curated compilation of ca. 67,406 individual published U-Th-Pb, K-Ar, Ar-Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, Lu-Hf, Fission-track, U-Th-He, and Re-Os mineral and whole rock ages that are reported in the published literature. Each date includes geographic coordinates, geological setting, petrologic and chemical information extracted from the respective publications. The structure of the database provides a powerful interface for constructing queries and allows searching and extracting information on geographic domains, provinces, stratigraphic units, isotopic systems, date interpretations, references, etc. This information establishes a framework for regional and global geological interpretations with geochronological, stratigraphic, structural and palaeogeographic implications. With the present effort we present to the geoscience community a clear insight, from a regional perspective, to the geology and tectonics of Colombia since Precambrian times. The comparison of all (detrital and magmatic) single zircon U-Pb dates from the Colombian (Gondwana sourced) geochronological database with the Global and North American (Laurentia sourced) databases provides a temporal constraint on the evolution of the South American continent. U-Pb zircon ages in Colombia define 13 peak clusters centred at 1767, 1530, 1325, 1178, 1007, 605,540, 468, 271, 237, 182, 76 and 10 Ma but of those, only few have a good correlation in all three databases: 1007 (Grenvillian/Orinoquian/Putumayo Orogeny), 605 (Braziliano/Pan-African Orogeny), 468 (Famatinian/Taconic Orogeny), and 182 Ma (Break-up of Pangea) zircon peaks. This correlation suggests that some tectonic events in Colombia are global and might represent crustal production and preservation while the other peaks might just represent [...]
Mineralogy and Petrology, 1993
Olivine-plagioclase and phlogopite-plagioclase coronas have been identified from olivine melanori... more Olivine-plagioclase and phlogopite-plagioclase coronas have been identified from olivine melanorites of the Mid-to Late Proterozoic Equeefa Suite in southern Natal, South Africa. Olivine, in contact with plagioclase, is mantled by a shell of clear orthopyroxene, in turn rimmed by pale green (pargasitic) clinoamphibole. Locally a third rim, composed of a fine pargasite-spinel symplectite is developed adjacent to the plagioclase. The second corona reaction has produced greenish-brown pargasite at phlogopite-plagioclase interfaces. A third, less obvious reaction, between olivine and phlogopite is also noted. Analytical data of all the mineral phases present, along with the coronas, are given. Two-pyroxene thermometry yields magmatic core temperatures (~ 1120°C), with rim compositions indicating equilibration at ~ 850°C. Consistent with this, the modelled olivine-plagioclase reaction occurs between 830-1050°C with awate r between 0.1 and 1.0 at 7 kbar. The three reactions took place during a prolonged history of cooling and partial hydration of the magmatic olivine melanorites from over 1000°C down to 600°C. The P-T conditions indicated by the reactions suggest this cooling process was essentially isobaric, indicating that the area was not subjected to rapid uplift or burial throughout this entire period.
The Neorchean Record of the Canadian Precambrian Shield: New Perspectives from the Crust and Lithosphere
Geochemical Databases and a Need for Linkages to Other Database Systems
Goldschmidt Abstracts
Dunlevey, JN 8, 16 Dunn, NK 17 Dziggel, A. 19
Tantalising new magnetic views of Precambrian and Pan-African age crustal architecture in interior East Antarctica
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