Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, Jul 31, 2023
Background: Vitiligo is a long-term autoimmune disorder marked by the loss of melanocytes and the... more Background: Vitiligo is a long-term autoimmune disorder marked by the loss of melanocytes and the formation of white macules. Vitiligo can have an impact on the patient's look and quality of life. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) is a questionnaire that analyzes the quality of life of skin patients in general, but it is not disease-specific. To assess the quality of life of vitiligo patients in Indonesia, a disease-specific instrument is required. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the validity and reliability of the Vitiligo Quality of Life (VitiQol) questionnaire in Indonesia and translate the VitiQol questionnaire into Indonesian. Methods: Using cross-sectional analytic observation, this study was performed on 39 participants with vitiligo at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya between December 2021 and January 2022. The investigation consisted of three phases: the Indonesian translation of VitiQol, testing for validity, and assessing reliability. Result: The VitiQol questionnaire is a valid and reliable questionnaire. Valid with a correlation coefficient between 0.40 and 0.80 and reliability close to perfection. There was a significant correlation between VitiQol and DLQI (r=0.511, p=0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the Indonesian VitiQol is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the life quality of vitiligo patients in Indonesia.
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, Jul 31, 2023
Background: Oral candidiasis (OC), frequently caused by Candida albicans, is the most common oppo... more Background: Oral candidiasis (OC), frequently caused by Candida albicans, is the most common opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS patients. Topical treatment for OC is limited. In vitro study revealed rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil has an antifungal effect. However, the essential oil is volatile and is not recommended to be applied to the skin and mucosa; therefore, emulsion gel (emulgel) is made. Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of rosemary emulgel 6.25%, 25%, 37.5%, and 50% compared to nystatin. Methods: This study is an in vitro test using the disk diffusion method to d etermine the antifungal activity shown by the inhibitory zones of rosemary emulgel at 6.25%, 25%, 37.5%, and 50% compared to nystatin to stored isolates of C. albicans from HIV/AIDS patients with OC. Result: Rosemary emulgel 6.25% dan 25% did not show antifungal activity because no inhibitory zone was shown. The inhibitory zone diameter provided by rosemary emulgel 37.5%; 50%; and nystatin against C. albicans isolates were 3.17±3.763 mm; 7.00±4.107 mm; and 30.13±5.319 mm respectively. Significant differences in antifungal activity were shown by the inhibitory zone diameter provided between rosemary emulgel 37.5%, 50%, and nystatin (p<0,05). Conclusion: Rosemary emulgel 37.5% dan 50% had antifungal activity showed by the formation of inhibitory zone against Candida species isolates in disk diffusion method even though it was weaker compared to nystatin as a standard antifungal.
Background: Psoriasis is a complex, chronic disease with increasing global incidence. Studies on ... more Background: Psoriasis is a complex, chronic disease with increasing global incidence. Studies on the effectiveness of psoriasis therapy in Indonesia are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the patient’s clinical improvement with moderate-to-severe psoriasis vulgaris using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index with ≥75% score reduction (PASI75). Methods: This is a retrospective study involving patients diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris who visited the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018. The electronic medical record obtained data on demographic characteristics, the number of visits, psoriasis at initial (PASI) score before and after treatment, type and dose of treatment, and comorbidities. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 for Windows. Results: Overall, 54 patients with psoriasis vulgaris were included. Almost all subjects were adults (≥18 years old) and presented with severe PASI (PASI score &...
Background: After a history of exposure to the suspected material and a thorough physical examina... more Background: After a history of exposure to the suspected material and a thorough physical examination, the diagnosis of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is commonly suspected. During the initial consultation, essential information involving the above is frequently neglected. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical manifestations of OCD cases in health workers and analyze the factors that influence OCD cases in health workers at the isolation ward of Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The sample selection was done through purposive sampling. Accessible population that met the inclusion criteria and did not have exclusion criteria were included as research samples. The target population was healthcare workers in the Special Isolation Ward of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The accessible population was healthcare workers who performed hand hygiene activities and used Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the Special Isolation Ward of Dr. Soetomo Hospit...
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, Nov 30, 2022
Background: Oral candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida spp. in areas of the oral mucosa t... more Background: Oral candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida spp. in areas of the oral mucosa that are often found in HIV/AIDS patients. Due to increased antifungal resistance, it was important to find new antifungal candidates, especially from natural ingredients. One example was basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.), which had a major compound of eugenol that had an antifungal effect in inhibiting Candida spp. Purpose: To evaluate the comparison of the antifungal susceptibilities of nystatin, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.), and eugenol against isolates of Candida spp. Methods: This study examined the comparison of the antifungal susceptibility of nystatin suspension at the concentration of 100 IU, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) with doses equivalent to 800 µg/mL and 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL eugenol, and eugenol 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL against 40 stored isolates of Candida spp. from the oral cavity of HIV/AIDS patients which were reactivated. Result: The mean inhibition zone of nystatin for all isolates was 22.98 mm, while the mean inhibition zones of eugenol with doses of 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL were 17.07 mm and 15.89 mm, and the mean inhibition zone of basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) with doses equivalent to 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL eugenol were 14.87 mm and 14.01 mm. The inhibition zone of basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol was significantly lower than nystatin (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol have antifungal effects by the inhibition zone. The inhibition zone of nystatin was significantly higher compared to basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol against Candida albicans and non-albicans isolates.
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin, Nov 30, 2022
Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is not a deadly condition may affect one's quality of life. Treatm... more Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is not a deadly condition may affect one's quality of life. Treatment of AV includes topical and oral, depending on the severity. Antibiotics as oral treatment should not be given alone because it can precipitate resistance. Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics of AV in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia and evaluate the treatment given. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study with a cross-sectional design. The study subject was classified based on severity according to Plewig and Kligman's acne grading. Further evaluation was made according to the type of lesion, the risk factor, topical and oral treatment in subjects with grades 2, 3, and 4. This research was conducted at the Cosmetic Medic Division, Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya based on medical records from the period of 2017 to 2019. Result: From 2017 to 2019, there were 525 (1.1%) new AV patients out of a total of 45,754 new patients. AV was the major diagnosis in the Cosmetic Medic division. AV grades 2, 3, and 4 were found in 167 patients (32.0%). The most common lesion was papulopustular (75.4%) and the most common risk factor was hormonal (58.7%). All the patients received tretinoin, clindamycin gel 1.2%, and sunscreen for topical treatment. Doxycycline was the most common oral antibiotic used (98.2%) Conclusion: The most common AV grade in this study was mild AV. Oral antibiotics were given to moderate-to-severe AV patients in combination with topical treatment to prevent resistance.
Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit. AV th... more Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit. AV therapy is given based on the severity of AV. Oral antibiotic therapy is routinely prescribed to treat moderate to severe inflammatory acne. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between systemic antibiotic administration and the decrease in the severity of acne vulgaris. Methods: This was a retrospective study with an analytical design, carried out on 49 medical records that met the inclusion criteria for acceptance of the sample; new AV patients come with grades 2, 3, and 4 to the Medical Cosmetics division Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Teaching Hospital Surabaya in the period January 2017 -December 2019. Results: This study was conducted on 49 patients with acne vulgaris grade 2,3,4 who came to follow-up in a week 2,4,8 treatment. Data from the first follow-up group, 26 subjects (53.1%) experienced a decrease in grade; from the second follow-up group, 25 subjects (51.0%) experienced a decrease in grade; from the third follow-up group, 38 subjects (77, 6%) experienced a decrease in the group comparing with condition patient before treatment. Analytic comparative showed that the condition of the first visit compared to the first, second and third follow-up groups were 0,180, 0,000, and 0,000, respectively. The significance test results showed a value of 0.000 (p ≤ 0.05) in the second and third follow-up groups, which is statistically significant. Conclusion: An oral antibiotic can effectively reduce the severity degree of acne vulgaris in four to eight weeks after treatment with an oral antibiotic.
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infection and is one of the neglected diseases caused by Mycob... more Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infection and is one of the neglected diseases caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which infects mucosal tissues and peripheral nerves, causing skin sensation and increased disability during disease progression. ENL is a complex syndrome, that caused inflammation of the skin, nerves, and other organs due to an inflammatory immune response to Mycobacterium leprae antigens. Acute ENL was defined as a patient who had a first episode of ENL less than 24 weeks in duration or had a second or subsequent ENL episode, lasting less than 24 weeks and occurring 84 days (i.e., 12 weeks) or more after stopping treatment for ENL. Chronic ENL is defined as ENL occurring for more than 24 weeks in which the patient has required continuous ENL treatment or where the treatment-free period is 27 days or less. 3 These types of ENL can have different risk factors and require different therapeutic interventions. The onset of ENL is acute, but may progress to a chronic or recurrent phase. Early detection of leprosy is very important, because the infection is curable and prompt treatment can reduce nerve damage and associated stigma. This retrospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of acute ENL and chronic ENL. Evaluate the general description of acute ENL and chronic ENL according to the basic data to be studied and analyze the risk factors that play a role in acute ENL and chronic ENL. These types of ENL can have different risk factors, so if there are risk factors that play a role in acute and chronic ENL, close monitoring should be carried out, early and adequate management, and better education for patients. The risk factors to be studied include gender, age, nutritional status based on body mass index (BMI), type of leprosy, bacterial index, morphology index, coinfection, onset of ENL, severity of ENL, duration of Multi Drug Therapy (MDT), and steroid therapy. in patients with acute ENL and chronic ENL within a period of 5 years, namely 2015-2020 in the Leprosy Division of the Outpatient Unit of Dermatology and Venereology in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. This retrospective study was to analysis of the risk factors for acute and chronic erythema nodosum leprosum in new leprosy patients at the Leprosy Division of the Outpatient Dermatology and Venereology Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya during the period of January 2015 to December 2020 has been carried out by evaluating the medical records of leprosy patients and from
Background: In 2007, skin cancers were third most common malignancies in Indonesia. However, prof... more Background: In 2007, skin cancers were third most common malignancies in Indonesia. However, profile of cutaneous tumors in our institution has not been studied. Purpose: To evaluate profile of cutaneous tumors in Dermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study. Inclusion criteria was new cutaneous tumor patients. Exclusion criteria was incomplete data. Medical record and photograph database from 2019-2020 were assessed for demography, clinical features, histopathological examination and final diagnosis. Results: There were 379 (5,5%) cutaneous tumors among 6896 new patients at Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic. Overall, there were more female patients (53.7%) and age group of 0-45 years old (70.4%). Cutaneous tumors more commonly presented as papular (50.4%), multiple (56.5%), nonpigmented (58.3%), asymptomatic lesions (62.5%), with time from onset 0-24 months (66.2%) an...
International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS), Aug 24, 2022
Vitiligo is a skin and mucosa depigmentation condition caused by the loss of functioning melanocy... more Vitiligo is a skin and mucosa depigmentation condition caused by the loss of functioning melanocytes. Various pathological mechanisms are involved in melanocytes, their full details are often difficult to explain and several risk factors for vitiligo are thought to play a role. This study describe the relationship between risk factors and clinical type of vitiligo. This study is an analytic observational study with a retrospective cross sectional design based on the medical records patients who were treated in Dermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. The result of this study found 115 new vitiligo patients with the following characteristics were female (53.9%), late adolescence (26.96%) and students (25.22%). The most common risk factors were idiopathic (51.3%) and emotional (28.7%). The most common clinical type was non-segmental vitiligo (53.04%). There was relationship between emotional and the clinical type of vitiligo (p=0.023 p<0.05) and there was relationship between idiopathic risk factors and the clinical type of vitiligo (p=0.019 p<0.05). There was relationship between emotional risk and idiopathic factors with the clinical type of vitiligo that were related to pathogenesis becomes important to understand to identify therapeutic targets and prognostic implications to stop the progression of the disease.
Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina Pannonica et Adriatica
Malignant syphilis (MS) is a rare, atypical manifestation of secondary syphilis. Ulcerative lesio... more Malignant syphilis (MS) is a rare, atypical manifestation of secondary syphilis. Ulcerative lesions should be suspected as MS when found with supporting microscopic morphology, a high syphilis serology titer test, a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR), and rapid disease resolution. To date, there is no specific recommendation for treatment for MS. A 24-year-old HIV-positive MSM patient with a CD4 count of 470 cells/µl presented with a chief complaint of necrotic, ulcerative lesions and oyster shell-like surface plaques on his face, trunk, groin, and extremities. The patient also developed various typical presentations of secondary syphilis. Darkfield microscopy revealed spirochetes. Histopathological examination showed spongiotic dermatitis with many neutrophil cells in the dermis, together with endarteritis and fibrin micro-thrombus in the blood vessels. The patient had a high venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) titer of 1:512. There was rapid disease resolution following a single injection of 2,400,000-unit benzathine penicillin G (BPG); together with anti-retroviral therapy, this was supportive treatment for MS. JHR was not observed in this study and many other reports. This case showed that ulcerative lesions with an oyster shell-like surface presenting in HIV-positive patients along with supporting microscopic morphology, high VDRL titer, and a dramatic improvement after antibiotic treatment is highly suggestive of MS. JHR may no longer be a characteristic of MS. A single dose of 2,400,000-unit BPG is sufficient for MS treatment.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, characterized by the appearance of... more Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, characterized by the appearance of redness, rash and itching. The prevalence in adults was around 1-3%. Due to the chronic and relapse, in general there has been no satisfactory management of AD. This was a Retrospective study in new adult atopic dermatitis patients in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. The data were collected from medical records. Out of 243 adult AD patient there were 167 female patients (68.7%) and 76 male patients (31.3%). The largest age group was in the group of 20-34 years old with a total of 137 patients (56.4%). The most precipitating factor in AD was food with a total of 91 patients (37.4%). The most given oral therapy was antihistamines with a total of 168 patients (69.1%) and the most widely administered topical therapy was moisturizer with a total of 147 patients (60.5%).
Background: Syphilis infection and HIV are major health problems worldwide. Both of these disease... more Background: Syphilis infection and HIV are major health problems worldwide. Both of these diseases can be transmitted through sexual contact, so often a person suffers from both diseases at the same time. Purpose: To describe the risk factors of syphilis and HIV/AIDS coinfection in the Infectious Disease Intermediate Treatment Unit (UPIPI) inpatient and outpatient ward of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in 2019. Methods: The study design used in this study is a retrospective descriptive study aimed at evaluating sexual and non-sexual factors that cause syphilis and HIV coinfection. The research population was patients in the inpatient and outpatient rooms of UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya for the January-December 2019 period. The sampling technique was sourced from secondary data, namely medical record data from the inpatient and outpatient rooms of UPIPI RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya for the period January-December 2019. The data in this study were obtained from medical records ...
Background: Skin prick test (SPT) is indicated in type I hypersensitivity reactions (rapid type),... more Background: Skin prick test (SPT) is indicated in type I hypersensitivity reactions (rapid type), among which is Atopic Dermatitis (AD). However, the results of SPT for the tested allergens are not always accompanied by history of known allergens in AD patients. Purpose: To identify the characteristics of AD patients who underwent SPT. Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study to determine the demographics, allergy history, SPT results, and positive and negative clinical relevance in AD patients treated at Allergy Immunology Division of Dermatology and Venerology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya-Indonesia from January 2017 to December 2019. Results: A total of 284 AD patients were included. The adult age group (20-59 years) predominated the AD patient’s visit every year with 58 patients (60.42%), 47 patients (46.08%), and 65 patients (75.58%) in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Only 60 AD patients underwent SPT, where most patients were a...
Background: The long term use of antifungals for oral candidiasis (OC) in patients with Human Imm... more Background: The long term use of antifungals for oral candidiasis (OC) in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) causes some strains to be resistant to certain antifungals. HIV/AIDS are currently most common in men. Aim: To evaluate ketoconazole sensitivity on Candida species in male HIV/AIDS patients with OC. Method: This is an observational descriptive study at the Outpatient Unit and Inpatient Installation of the Infectious Disease Intermediate Care Unit (UPIPI) Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya. Samples were taken from HIV/AIDS male patients with OC using sterile swabs. The smear was cultured in CHROMagar Candida incubated at 37°C for 48-72 hours, and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar media for 48 hours at 28°C. Species identification were done using carbohydrate and Cornmeal test. Resistance test was done by disk diffusion method. Results: There were 23 research subjects with 40 isolates of Candida species growing in culture. The most common s...
Background: The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been increased for several decades. T-he... more Background: The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been increased for several decades. T-helper cell (Th)1 and Th2 disregulation influence the level of immunoglobulin (Ig)E and interfere Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. Management approachment only relieved the symptoms, therapy with probiotic are potentially improve this disregulation. Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) has been fullfilled as probiotic criteria and it’s safely used in human. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, twenty (22) patients were randomized to take LP or placebo for 12 weeks with 2 weeks wash-out period in Pediatric Division, Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic. Total IgE serum level and SCORING indeks were evaluted before and after intervention. Results : Twelve (12) patients in probiotic group and 10 patient in placebo group completed the study. Our findings revealed that there is no significant different in total IgE serum between LP (504.533 IU/ml ± 415.6...
Background : Fractional Carbon Dioxide ( CO 2 ) LASER has better efficacy compared to conventiona... more Background : Fractional Carbon Dioxide ( CO 2 ) LASER has better efficacy compared to conventional LASER in treating scar tissue such as acne scars, keloids, and striae albae. However, a population with darker skin has a higher risk of side effects, especially in post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Purpose : To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of fractional CO 2 LASER in new patients with acne scars, keloids, and striae albae in the Dermatovenereology outpatient clinic. Methods : Retrospective analysis was done on 42 medical records of patients who met the inclusion criterion, which was those who have undergone fractional CO 2 LASER treatments. The efficacy and side effects of the therapy were identified and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 program. Result : A total of 42.9% of patients underwent fractional CO 2 LASER treatments for acne scars, while 31% and 26.1% of patients received treatments for keloids and striae albae, respect...
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