Papers by Moises Betancort
Este informe ha sido elaborado en el marco del proyecto de investigación "Desigualdad de Oportuni... more Este informe ha sido elaborado en el marco del proyecto de investigación "Desigualdad de Oportunidades en Canarias: Incidencia de la inclusión laboral, la educación y la salud" (referencia CSOCTRA07), financiado por la Fundación CajaCanarias, dentro de su Programa de Proyectos de Investigación de I+D en Ciencias Sociales. Sin esta financiación y la apuesta por este proyecto no hubiese sido posible la elaboración de este informe, por lo que todo el equipo del proyecto agradece a la Fundación CajaCanarias su ayuda y compromiso social en favor del apoyo a grupos de investigación de las universidades canarias para la ejecución de proyectos competitivos en el ámbito de la sostenibilidad social y que tengan impacto en la región. Edición, diseño y maquetación: Centro de Estudios de Desigualdad Social y Gobernanza (CEDESOG) Imprime: GRAFISÁN
Sustainability
Literature shows that parental financial socialisation plays an important role in attaining finan... more Literature shows that parental financial socialisation plays an important role in attaining financial literacy as well as in shaping sustainable financial behaviours and that both translate into increased well-being indicators and financial security on micro- and macroeconomic levels. However, debt literacy and debt behaviour seem to be unique. Very little is known about the childhood financial socialisation process through which adults’ sustainable debt behaviour is shaped and how debt behaviour may affect well-being. This study tests a hierarchical model of childhood financial socialisation consisting of five levels: the anticipatory parental socialisation, and later life financial learning outcomes (particularly, debt literacy levels), financial attitudes, debt behaviour, and well-being. Using data collected from a purposive sample of young adult Poles (N = 600) during the period from 10 to 13 November 2018 and employing structural equation modelling, we have found evidence confi...
Frontiers in Psychology
The purpose of this study was to compare a new digitized cognitive test battery, Minnemera, with ... more The purpose of this study was to compare a new digitized cognitive test battery, Minnemera, with its correspondent traditional paper-based cognitive tests. Eighty-one healthy adults between the ages of 21 and 85 participated in the study. Participants performed the two different test versions (traditional paper-based and digitized) with an interval of four weeks between the tests. Test presentation (the order of the test versions presented) was counterbalanced in order to control for any possible test learning effects. The digitized tests were constructed so that there were only minor differences when compared to the traditional paper-based tests. Test results from the paper-based and digitized versions of the cognitive screening were compared within individuals by means of a correlation analysis and equivalence tests. The effects of demographic variables (age, gender and level of education) and test presentation were explored for each test measure and each test version through linear regression models. For each test measure, a significant correlation between traditional and digitized version was observed ranging between r = 0.34 and r = 0.67 with a median of r = 0.53 (corresponding to a large effect size). Score equivalence was observed for five out of six tests. In line with previous traditional cognitive studies, age was found to be the most prominent predictor of performance in all digitized tests, with younger participants performing better than older adults. Gender was the second strongest predictor, where women outperformed men in tests measuring verbal memory; men performed better than women in tests with a strong visual component. Finally, the educational level of the test subjects had an effect on executive functions, with a higher educational level linked to a better inhibition response and working memory span. This study suggests that the tests in the Minnemera cognitive screening battery are acceptably comparable to the traditional paper-based counterparts.
International Journal of Sociology of Education
Este artículo analiza las actitudes de los estudiantes en el segundo año de educación secundaria ... more Este artículo analiza las actitudes de los estudiantes en el segundo año de educación secundaria obligatoria en el Municipio de La Laguna (Tenerife, Islas Canarias, España). Estudiamos la vida escolar en el aula y las relaciones entre alumnos y profesores. Sostenemos que el comportamiento de los estudiantes, y sus expectativas, son creados y condicionados por sus resultados académicos, y que están afectados por el origen socioeconómico y sociocultural de sus familias, por la escuela a la que asisten, por género. y por el lugar donde viven. Veremos una compleja socialización en el aula, a veces conflictiva, con una selección académica ya establecida, donde las experiencias escolares construyen y reconstruyen el futuro de las vidas de los estudiantes cuando los jóvenes comienzan a ser conscientes de las consecuencias de los resultados escolares en sus vidas.El artículo es parte de una investigación más amplia sobre las experiencias escolares de los estudiantes y las interacciones de l...
Patient preference and adherence, 2017
To evaluate pathways through which sociodemographic, clinical, attitudinal, and perceived health ... more To evaluate pathways through which sociodemographic, clinical, attitudinal, and perceived health control variables impact psychiatric patients' adherence to psychopharmacological medications. A sample of 966 consecutive psychiatric outpatients was studied. The variables were sociodemographic (age, gender, and education), clinical (diagnoses, drug treatment, and treatment duration), attitudinal (attitudes toward psychopharmacological medication and preferences regarding participation in decision-making), perception of control over health (health locus of control, self-efficacy, and psychological reactance), and level of adherence to psychopharmacological medications. Structural equation modeling was applied to examine the nonstraightforward relationships and the interactive effects among the analyzed variables. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that psychiatric patients' treatment adherence was associated: 1) negatively with cognitive psychological reactance (adherenc...
The Spanish Journal of Psychology, Jul 1, 2012
The goal of this study was to analyze the recidivism rate in minor offenders to whom a minimum in... more The goal of this study was to analyze the recidivism rate in minor offenders to whom a minimum intervention measure was applied after their first felony or misdemeanor, and to determine the variables associated with recidivism. The sample was made up of 154 minors from the province of Santa Cruz of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). The information was collected from the database of the Minors' Court. The recidivism rate depends on the measure imposed, ranging between 14 and 40.6%. The degree of agreement between the Technical Team's proposal and the court decision was 70%. With regard to the variables associated with recidivism, a model was obtained through logistic regression that correctly classified 83.7% of the cases, and was made up of the variables perception of parenting problems, intervention of social services, and social isolation.
Conclusiones: La traducción española se presenta como un instrumento igual de útil que el Cuestio... more Conclusiones: La traducción española se presenta como un instrumento igual de útil que el Cuestionario inglés original y el traducido a otros idiomas. Palabras clave: Cuestionario de Cualidades y Dificultades; infancia; salud mental.
múltiple (EM) con las variables clínicas, el deterioro cognitivo subjetivo y la fatiga. Participa... more múltiple (EM) con las variables clínicas, el deterioro cognitivo subjetivo y la fatiga. Participaron 35 pacientes que cumplimentaron las siguientes pruebas: Hospital Anxiety and Depresión Scale (HADS); Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire (MSNQ); Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). El 48% de la muestra presentó datos indicativos de ansiedad, mientras que un 14% mostró depresión. Los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de regresión múltiple indicaron que los años transcurridos desde el inicio, el deterioro cognitivo subjetivo y la fatiga predicen la depresión y la ansiedad. El tiempo de evolución mostró una elevada capacidad predictiva sobre la ansiedad. Un menor número de años desde el inicio está asociado a la gravedad de la sintomatología ansiosa. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de evaluar y tratar los síntomas de ansiedad desde las fases iniciales de la EM.
International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, May 1, 2012
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a well-known, widely used and well-establis... more The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a well-known, widely used and well-established brief screening instrument for detecting psychological morbidity in childhood. However, no research has been conducted with Spanish samples to provide data about the validity and reliability of this instrument, or the factorial structure of the questionnaire. The current instrumental study aims to provide the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the SDQ. A sample of 595 children was evaluated using both teachers and parents as informants. Descriptive statistics for the SDQ are presented. Cronbach´s alpha coefficient, was calculated for the full global questionnaire and each of its scales, to examine the internal reliability. Factor analysis with Varimax Rotation was conducted following the original author´s recommendations. The factor solution was analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Data showed a satisfactory index of reliability as well as a factorial structure of five dimensions with some exceptions for some items. We conclude that our study replicates the data found in other studies in which the goodness of the SDQ as a screening instrument has been studied.
The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 2013
The main goal of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties and factor structure of th... more The main goal of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Cuestionario para Evaluar la Asertividad (CEA-ESO). This questionnaire is the Spanish version of the Children's Assertive Behavior Scale (CABS) on which students self-rate their inhibited, assertive, and aggressive relational styles. The questionnaire was administered to 640 students of Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) aged between 11 and 16 years old, from various schools of the province of Barcelona, Spain. The homogeneity analysis carried out suggests a bidimensional structure in contrast to the tridimensional structure proposed for the original version of the CABS, that is, the CEA-ESO is effective for the discrimination of students' assertive and aggressive behaviors, but inhibition is weakly represented. The reliability analyses of the questionnaire reveal a scale originally targeting students over 15 years of age, but with adequate internal consistency also for age groups between 12 and 14 years. The advantages of using a single instrument for the entire period of CSE are commented on. The Spanish adaptation of the CABS is considered an adequate instrument to assess assertiveness at school, but further research is required to confirm its capacity to discriminate students' three interpersonal relational styles.
Resumen: presentamos un estudio sobre el perfil académico, social y familiar del alumnado de naci... more Resumen: presentamos un estudio sobre el perfil académico, social y familiar del alumnado de nacionalidad extranjera. Nos detendremos en averiguar el efecto del lugar de origen, por un lado, en los resultados y expectativas académicas, así como en las formas y grados de aceptación del universo escolar. Por otro lado, investigamos el perfil de las familias en cuanto a las formas de implicación con las tareas escolares de sus hijos e hijas y en sus prácticas educativas. Abordaremos todas estas cuestiones teniendo en cuenta el origen social del alumnado (clases sociales de las familias).
Anxiety and depression are common psychiatric symptoms among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Ho... more Anxiety and depression are common psychiatric symptoms among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. However, anxiety is relatively under-studied. Aims. To examine the associations of anxiety and depression with cognitive functioning and to evaluate their contribution to subjective cognitive impairment, after accounting for neuropsychological impairment. Subjects and methods. 33 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and minimal levels of disability were evaluated. Assessment measures: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire-self report (MSNQ-S); Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB). We also assessed a group of 67 controls with the BRB. Results. Neuropsychological impairment was not significantly correlated to anxiety or depression. Increased severity of anxiety symptoms was remarkably related with low disease duration. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that anxiety and depression predicted MSNQ-...
The aim of this study was to examine the relative contribution of clinical variables, subjective ... more The aim of this study was to examine the relative contribution of clinical variables, subjective cognitive impairment and fati- gue to depression and anxiety in a sample of 35 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depre- sión Scale (HADS), the Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire (MSNQ) and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). A total of 48,6%
Psychological reactance in psychiatric patients: Examining the dimensionality and correlates of the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale in a large clinical sample
Personality and Individual Differences, 2014
ABSTRACT This study investigated the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Spanish ... more ABSTRACT This study investigated the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale (HPRS) in psychiatric outpatient care, and how socio-demographic and clinical variables are related to this measure of trait reactance proneness. We carried out a cross-sectional survey involving seven hundred and ten consecutive psychiatric outpatients that completed the HPRS, health locus of control, self-efficacy and drug attitude scales, in addition to a questionnaire including socio-demographic and clinical variables. A confirmatory factor analysis to test the dimensionality of the HPRS was performed. Results supported that the best-fitting model of reactance processes was a two-factor structure including affective and cognitive dimensions whose understanding and interaction appear essential to develop effective persuasive clinical messages. Further analyses yielded significant results with age, educational level, number of drugs prescribed, health locus of control dimensions and attitudes toward psychiatric treatment but not with sex, self-efficacy or psychiatric diagnoses. Psychological reactance is a longstanding but still promising construct. Our results confirm that a two-factor structure is reasonable for assessing psychological reactance in psychiatric patients and provides an opportunity to understand patients’ health behavior.
What Do Psychiatric Patients Believe Regarding Where Control Over Their Illness Lies?
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 2015
Patients&... more Patients' perceived control constructs are important factors moderating health-related behaviors. We established the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Form C Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (C-MHLC) and assessed the usefulness of these measures in the clinical setting. A cross-sectional survey querying about patients' health locus of control (HLOC) beliefs was offered to 607 psychiatric outpatients, of whom 507 accepted. The C-MHLC scale and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale were completed. The psychiatric patients believe that their psychiatrist plays a crucial role in improving their state of health. The men scored higher than the women in internal dimension; the women scored higher in other people external dimension. Age, treatment time, and number of psychoactive drugs used showed significant differences in HLOC dimensions. Self-efficacy correlated positively with internal dimension and negatively with external dimensions. The results showed the validity of the four-factor structure of the Spanish version of the C-MHLC.
El procesamiento de oraciones de relativo de sujeto <I>vs</I>. objeto en español <BR>The processing of subject-object relative clauses in Spanish
Cognitiva, 2006
... Keywords: Syntactic processing, plausibility, moving-window, thematic roles. Correspondencia ... more ... Keywords: Syntactic processing, plausibility, moving-window, thematic roles. Correspondencia con el autor: Moises Betancort. Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento. Universidad de La Laguna. 38205-Tenerife. ...
Revista Internacional de Sociología, 2013
In this paper we study the family variables affecting academic achievement within a Canary Island... more In this paper we study the family variables affecting academic achievement within a Canary Island sample. Parents' level of education, parents' expectations about academic achievement, Socioeconomic Status (SES), family size, type of family and parents' control over the student's homework are used as predicting variables in a logistic regression for predicting which variables load in high academic achievement. These variables are incorporated into two different theoretical models: the social capital view of Coleman and the cultural capital view of Bourdieu. The results indicate that the variables having a leading role are parents' expectations, parents' education, SES and family size.
Terapia cognitivo-conductual en la esclerosis múltiple:eficacia en el tratamiento de la sintomatología ansioso-depresiva y el deterioro cognitivo
Abstract: Here we present a study which interprets the characteristics of the working class famil... more Abstract: Here we present a study which interprets the characteristics of the working class families whose children obtain good academic achievements. We assume that: educative differences due to the social origin are maintained, the social status of the families affects socialization models, and there will be higher chances of school success when the school and family socialization models will be more similar. Among others results, we find that the school success happens despite the type of family and its educative practices are not the most adequate from the school point of view. Keywords: working class families, school success, parental involvement. Resumen: Presentamos un estudio que interpreta las características de las familias obreras cuyos hijos e hijas cuentan con buenos resultados escolares. Partimos de que se mantienen las desigualdades de oportunidades educativas por origen social, de que la posición social de las familias afecta a los modelos de socialización y de que c...
Island Studies Journal
This article estimates the inequality of opportunity (IO) for the Canary Islands archipelago, a E... more This article estimates the inequality of opportunity (IO) for the Canary Islands archipelago, a European outermost region of seven islands, including two capital islands and five peripheral islands. To achieve this goal, a survey has been designed to cover a wide range of circumstances, including type of household, socioeconomic background, health status, type of school, family environment, and instilled values during childhood. This new database is one of the main contributions of the paper. For all of the Canary Islands, IO represents approximately 12.4% of total inequality, which is in line with the values found for the South European countries in related studies. However, when we distinguish by type of island, the IO in the peripheral islands accounts for almost 20% of total inequality, which is more in line with Latin American economies. This difference may affect the origin of significant migration flows from the peripheral to the capital islands and future divergence in their development.
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Papers by Moises Betancort