The thermal performance of buildings can be evaluated prior to its construction by modeling it us... more The thermal performance of buildings can be evaluated prior to its construction by modeling it using a specialized software. Climate boundary conditions must be represented by a weather file that is composed of a weather dataset organized hourly according to a defined year structure such as Test Reference Year (TRY) or Typical Meteorological Year (TMY). Before this study, there were a few weather files available for cities in southern Brazil, notably, Santa Maria, RS, classified as a humid subtropical climate. The most recent available weather file was built in 2014 and presents inconsistencies with respect to precipitation data. Therefore, the objetive of this study was to process and analyze the climate data of Santa Maria over an eighteen-year period (2002-2020), to generate a more reliable weather file. The applied method considered the following procedures: data collection and processing; TRY (TRY17) and TMY2 (TMY0220) definition; solar radiation data calculation; EPW files gen...
Influence of window area and thermal transmittance in the consumption of electric energy in mid-western Brazil
WEENTECH Proceedings in Energy, 2019
The opening of windows allows the entrance of natural light, however, allows the transfer of ther... more The opening of windows allows the entrance of natural light, however, allows the transfer of thermal load from inside to outside the building and vice versa. Currently, despite the technological advances, it is still not possible in many buildings to integrate natural and artificial light. The design of a building, its geometry, size and properly orientation of the openings can result in great energy savings. Hence, defining the ideal window area for an ambient in which there is a balance between solar thermal load, air conditioning and natural and artificial lighting would lead to an environment whereby the energy consumption is optimized. This research presents the already consolidated methodology for calculation of ideal window area, which aims at the lower consumption of artificial lighting and air conditioning, considering a residential living environment. The analysis of energy consumption was carried out using the DesignBuilder software and the climate file of the city of Cui...
O edifício, como mecanismo de controle das variáveis climáticas, deve proporcionar eficiência ene... more O edifício, como mecanismo de controle das variáveis climáticas, deve proporcionar eficiência energética e conforto ao usuário. Os vidros são os maiores transmissores de calor para o interior da edificação, portanto, a escolha da tipologia utilizada deve ser criteriosa, levando em conta o clima ao qual será inserido. Este artigo propôs analisar a influência de diferentes tipologias de vidro no consumo de energia elétrica, nos ganhos internos de calor e no conforto térmico interno de uma habitação de interesse social (HIS) na cidade de Cuiabá – Mato Grosso. A metodologia dividiu-se em três etapas, sendo a primeira a definição da edificação de referência, seguida da escolha das tipologias de vidros e, por fim, a simulação computacional térmica do edifício utilizando o programa DesignBuilder. A edificação de referência adotada para a pesquisa foi uma HIS de 56,50m², e foram avaliados os vidros simples, duplo, triplo e vidro termocrômico, todos com espessura de 6mm. Através das simulaçõ...
Com a crescente preocupação em relação ao consumo dos recursos ambientais e gasto energético surg... more Com a crescente preocupação em relação ao consumo dos recursos ambientais e gasto energético surgem também novas pesquisas voltadas à área sustentável da construção civil. Edifícios eficientes vem sendo construídos não só com o intuito de atrair novos investimentos, mas também levando em conta o cunho ambiental. Edifícios de Energia Zero – EEZ contam com a aplicação de diversas estratégias passivas visando a eficiência energética dos mesmos e consequentemente a diminuição da demanda por refrigeração, iluminação, aquecimento, incluindo o uso de equipamentos mais eficientes e produzem a energia que consomem, tendo um balanço nulo. Entretanto, o grande problema enfrentado pelos profissionais é até onde usar medidas de eficiência energética em termos de custo benefício, ou seja, até que ponto é viável investir em estratégias passivas para redução do consumo. Essa análise depende do clima e economia do local em que a edificação será inserida, portanto é essencial haver estudos que subsi...
Use of concrete block waste as aggregate in structural concrete block
Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental
A construção civil gera uma grande quantidade de resíduos e, consequentemente, enfrenta problemas... more A construção civil gera uma grande quantidade de resíduos e, consequentemente, enfrenta problemas no destino final desses materiais. Entre os materiais mais comuns, podemos destacar o concreto como o segundo maior gerador de resíduos, sendo, portanto, um problema para a sociedade. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa analisou o uso de resíduos de blocos de concreto como agregados no bloco estrutural do edifício. Para isso, foram moldados blocos estruturais de concreto com diferentes conteúdos de resíduos reciclados e posteriormente submetidos a testes de resistência à compressão, absorção de água e análise dimensional. Os resultados mostraram que a adição de resíduos reciclados causou um aumento na absorção de água e uma redução na resistência à compressão, pois o agregado convencional foi substituído pelo agregado reciclado. Concluiu-se que os resíduos de concreto podem ser aplicados como um agregado de bloco de concreto estrutural, desde que respeite certos limites do teor de resíduos. A...
Energy labeling and the economic viability in residences of the project my house my life
Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental
The significant increase in the electricity consumption over the past decades by the residential ... more The significant increase in the electricity consumption over the past decades by the residential sector has stimulated the creation of initiatives which are aiming the energy efficiency (EE). In addition to laws that were enacted in order to increase EE, it was launched in 2012 the Quality Technical Regulation for Energy Efficiency Level of Residential Buildings (RTQ-R), which it sets parameters to be followed in the labeling of an Autonomous Housing Unit (UH). This research had as objective proposes alternatives to increase the energy efficiency level of a residential complex named My House My Life (Minha Casa Minha Vida - MCMV). Moreover, it was calculated the construction costs and evaluated the economic viability of the investment. Thus, it was evaluated the envelope and the water heating system through prescriptive method. The obtained results classified the current housing as D level and showed that a few changes are needed to reach the level A. Through thermal energy simulati...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Oct 23, 2019
The growing concern about energy consumption and environmental resources has led to research on s... more The growing concern about energy consumption and environmental resources has led to research on sustainable approaches in construction. Efficient buildings have been built not only to attract new investments but also to take environmental considerations into account. Zero Energy Buildings; use a variety of passive strategies for energy efficiency and to decrease the use of heating, ventilation and air conditioning. These techniques impact directly on cost benefit and energy performance. The objective of this research is to identify efficient approaches for housing, considering the influence of climate, the energy generation, for two Brazilian cities. The cities climates area classified as Af (tropical climate) and Cfb (hot and temperate). The methodological procedures were divided into three stages: simulation to determine energy consumption in the efficient building; estimation of the balance between electric demand and generation by means of a building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV); assessment of the life cycle cost of the net present value of BIPV. The results show that for the tropical climate the payback is 6.75 years and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 15.06% and for the temperate, payback is 10.25 years and IRR of 8.49%. These outcomes demonstrate that in hot climate payback happens in less time, due to the high incidence of solar radiation in the year.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
As scientific research shows a progressive increase in Earth temperature, climate change is recog... more As scientific research shows a progressive increase in Earth temperature, climate change is recognized as a key global challenge for the 21st century. Studying the consequences of this phenomenon has gained worldwide importance, including in the field of buildings. It starts from the problematic that comes from the housing models that, at present, are already built with inadequate thermal insulation, questioning what internal conditions will bring benefits in these future heating scenarios. In places with hot climates such as in the Brazilian savannah, this subject is even more important because an effective countermeasure is necessary in reducing the cooling load of buildings. High temperatures lead to longer demand for air conditioning, which results in a significant increase in building energy consumption. In this way, this work has the general objective to analyze the effects of global warming on the consumption of buildings with different insulation in the envelope, in face of the climatic changes. The emissions scenario A2 of the Fourth Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was considered. The methodological procedures consist of five steps: preparation of the climate files for Future Scenarios (time-slices 2020, 2050 and 2080) from the file without influence of global warming (1961-1990), called Base Scenario; definition of a dwelling for study object (Tbase); quantification of global warming impacts on building consumption; elaboration of intervention proposals in the object of study, defining four typologies (Tbase and T1 to T3) by adopting the use of insulation, in the first one (T1) was applied EPS, in the second (T2) rockwool and in the third (T3) glasswool, in the last stage, the energy consumption for cooling was estimated, considering the main facade as north for all cases. Under the effects of global warming, the results showed the annual average temperature and relative humidity of the external air of the Base Scenario from 26.73 ° C to 32.48 ° C (+ 5.75 ° C) and 69.08% to 53.67% (-22%), up to the 2080 scenario, respectively. Energy consumption is directly influenced by the effects of global warming, Tbase's energy consumption in the current scenario presents increases for the 2080 scenario of 54.18%, the T1 was 40.73%, the T2 of 41.97% and the T3 ratio of 41.87%. With the use of insulation in the typologies T1 to T3, the energy consumption reduced in the base scenario by 30.58%, 30.62% and 30.64% respectively. This fact proves the importance and effectiveness of the use of more resilient envelopes as a strategy to mitigate climate change. It is concluded that considering the useful life of 50-year-old buildings, it is necessary to rethink the current constructive specifications, incorporating interventions to absorb the impacts of climate change, pointing out guidelines on how to build today, to provide better and more resilient climate habitability in future climate scenarios.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
The consequences of global warming have gained worldwide importance, also in the scope of built e... more The consequences of global warming have gained worldwide importance, also in the scope of built environment when related with the thermal comfort conditions of users. In this way, the objective of this research is to analyse the effects of global warming on the hours of thermal comfort of dwellings, with different thermal insulators in the external walls, considering the emission scenario A2 of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC. The methodological procedures consist of four stages: preparation of climate files for Future Scenarios (2020, 2050 and 2080) from the base climate file (base scenario); definition of a dwelling for study object (Tbase); preparation of thermal insulating intervention proposals, such as: EPS (T1), rock wool (T2) and glass wool (T3) and evaluation of thermal comfort conditions using the adaptive thermal comfort method. The results indicate that the air temperature increases by 21.5% and the relative air humidity reduces by 22% until the 2080 scenario if compared to the base scenario. From these new conditions, the percentages of Tbase comfort hours suffer a reduction of 63.61%, increasing the hours of heat discomfort by 98.48%, in the scenario of 2080 in relation to the base scenario. With the adoption of insulation, the T1 typology presented comfort hours of 58.4%, reducing to 17.9%. However, typologies T2 and T3 presented similar behaviour, with 27.2% of hours in comfort and 67.4% of hours in heat discomfort, in the 2080 scenario in relation to the baseline scenario. Therefore, it can be concluded that typologies T2 and T3 presented greater resilience to the effects of global warming, but it is necessary to incorporate constructive interventions to absorb the impacts of climate changes and provide better conditions of thermal comfort.
Influence of trees on the energy consumption of a social housing in mid-western Brazil
WEENTECH Proceedings in Energy
In the last decades, many studies have shown ample evidence that the existence of trees and veget... more In the last decades, many studies have shown ample evidence that the existence of trees and vegetation around buildings can contribute to reduce the demand for energy by cooling and heating. The use of green areas in the urban environment as an effective strategy in reducing the cooling load of buildings has attracted much attention, though there is a lack of quantitative actions to apply the general idea to a specific building or location. Due to the large-scale construction of high buildings, large amounts of solar radiation are reflected and stored in the canyons of the streets. This causes higher air temperature and surface temperature in city areas compared to the rural environment and, consequently, deteriorates the urban heat island effect. The constant high temperatures lead to more air conditioning demand time, which results in a significant increase in building energy consumption. In general, the shade of the trees reduces the building energy demand for air conditioning, r...
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Papers by Elaise Gabriel