Andrzej Kochan

Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, Faculty Member

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I am an assistant professor at the Warsaw University of Technology. I lead a team deals with the control of railway traffic, in particular with the automation of traffic and trains. A fascinating subject for me is digitalization of the railway system.

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MULTIGRAPH IS: Part 2. VERIFICATION OF THE DIGITAL TWIN OF THE EUROPEAN TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEM APPLICATION

Transport Problems

The final model for rail transportation is the introduction of full digitalization to support com... more The final model for rail transportation is the introduction of full digitalization to support communication and transport services, which will be available to the public in the future. The process of digitalization is based on models that reproduce the real physical structures present in the transport network. Due to the high complexity of the structure and its mapping, it is necessary to find methods that automatically verify the proposed created model. This approach supports manual activities that, at this moment, are not sufficient. Automatization’s description requires a formal approach. Such a description has been developed as part of a research project, “The Digital Railway. The digital twin of the ETCS application. Virtual prototyping and simulation of operational scenarios.” In this paper, a formal model of the ETCS application has been proposed, and a formal approach to its verification is described.

MULTIGRAPH IS: Part 1. A FORMAL DESCRIPTION OF RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL TWIN OF THE ETCS APPLICATION

Transport Problems, Jun 30, 2023

The European Railway Agency has formulated assumptions for a target model of rail transport. Its ... more The European Railway Agency has formulated assumptions for a target model of rail transport. Its important premise is digitalization to support the communication and transport services that the railways will make available to the public in the future. Part of the digitalization process is the digital description of the railway infrastructure in a formalized form to allow algorithmic processing. The formal description of infrastructure is not a new issue. However, attempts made so far have not resulted in a permanent definition of a generally accessible formalism allowing for a coherent representation of the physical railway infrastructure in a digital form. This paper presents the results of work carried out within the research project Digital Railway-The Digital Twin of the ETCS Application-Virtual Prototyping and Simulation of Operational Scenarios.

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Uniwersalny elektroniczny pulpit nastawczy

Badania podsystemu kontroli dyspozytorskiej

Artykuá w: Prace Naukowe Politechniki …, 2009

... W obecnej postaci podsystem kr realizuje następujące funkcje: • zarządzanie kanałami komunika... more

System pokładowy w modelu warstwowym systemu kierowania i sterowania ruchem kolejowym

Streszczenie. Systemy kierowania i sterowania ruchem kolejowym (ksrk) zapewniają bezpieczne i efe... more Streszczenie. Systemy kierowania i sterowania ruchem kolejowym (ksrk) zapewniają bezpieczne i efektywne prowadzenie ruchu kolejowego. Ich funkcjonalność oraz stopień integracji nieustannie rośnie wraz z rozszerzaniem zastosowania techniki komputerowej i teleinformatycznej do realizacji ich zadań. W Zakładzie Sterowania Ruchem Wydziału Transportu Politechniki Warszawskiej od kilkudziesięciu lat są prowadzone badania i prace rozwojowe w tym kierunku. Jednym z nurtów tych badań jest modelowanie systemów ksrk w celu porządkowania i definiowania ich struktur i funkcjonalności w oderwaniu od konkretnych rozwiązań dostarczanych przez producentów. W związku z obecnie prowadzonymi i zapowiadanymi przez PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. inwestycjamimającymi na celu wdrażanie systemu ERTMS, jak również innymi rozwiązaniami wprowadzanymi w Metrze Warszawskim, naturalnym wydaje się rozszerzenie modelu warstwowego ksrko rozwiązania wynoszące funkcjonalność sterowania ruchem na pokład pojazdu trakcyjnego. Rozwiązania te w sensie technicznym nie są nowością, jednak nie doczekały się jeszcze uogólnienia w wymiarze modelowym. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą wypełniania tej luki.

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Projektowanie komputerowych systemów kierowania ruchem kolejowym

Formal Verification of the European Train Control System (ETCS) for Better Energy Efficiency Using a Timed and Asynchronous Model

Energies

The ERTMS/ETCS is the newest automatic train protection system. This is a system that supports th... more The ERTMS/ETCS is the newest automatic train protection system. This is a system that supports the driver in driving the train. It is currently being implemented throughout the European Union. This system’s latest specifications also provide additional functions to increase the energy efficiency of train driving in the form of ATO (automatic train operation). These functions of the ETCS will be valuable, provided they operate without failure. To achieve errorless configuration of the ETCS, a methodology for automatic system verification using the IMDS (Integrated Model of Distributed Systems) formalism and the temporal tool Dedan was applied. The main contribution is asynchronous and timed verification, which appropriately models the distributed nature of the ETCS and allows the designer not only to analyze time dependencies but also to define the range of train velocities in which the operational scenario is valid. Additionally, the novelties of the presented verification methodolo...

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Inspection of the railway infrastructure with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles

Archives of Transport System Telematics, 2018

The Transport Certification Centre at the Faculty of Transportation of the Warsaw University of T... more The Transport Certification Centre at the Faculty of Transportation of the Warsaw University of Technology launched a research and development project under the name "Dron-monitor", which aimed to perform stocktaking and examine the technical condition of the railway infrastructure using unmanned aerial vehicles UAV. The assumption of the project was to create digital documentation of the railway infrastructure, which will enable an objective and impartial assessment of the infrastructure elements. The article presents the results of the conducted project and displays the considerations regarding the suitability of the applied method for the needs of conducting stocktaking and testing the technical condition of the railway infrastructure with the use of UAV.

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Symulacja rzeczywistych zdarzeń ruchowych na stanowisku dydaktyczno – badawczym KSR „SOSNA”

Certyfikacja interfejsów w świetle regulacji prawnych

Wybrane aspekty związane z zastosowaniem technologii LED w sygnalizatorach kolejowych

Nowoczesne rozwiązanie transportu publicznego na przykładzie systemu INNOVIA Monorail 300

Streszczenie. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje nowoczesne rozwiązanie transportu publicznego na przyk... more Streszczenie. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje nowoczesne rozwiązanie transportu publicznego na przykładzie systemu INNOVIA Monorail 300. W artykule przedstawiono produkt firmy Bombardier, cechy charakterystyczne systemu, aspekty istotne z punktu widzenia projektowania oraz jego komponenty. Omówiono pokrótce stan prawny przedmiotowej formy transportu oraz wskazano sposób weryfikacji bezpieczeństwa systemu.

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Simulation tasks for the didactic stand

Archives of Transport System Telematics, 2013

In the field of railway transport many activities are taken to achieve higher availability of off... more In the field of railway transport many activities are taken to achieve higher availability of offered services. A few of them consider more flexible rules of creating and starting trains. This requirement translates into greater complexity of railway traffic opertional management and control (RTMC). At the Faculty of Transport of Warsaw University of Technology classes for students have been conducted for several years with the use of the KSR-EDU stand. Taking into account the described trends of railway traffic nature, the KSR-EDU stand was connected to a simulator of real railway traffic. This connection allows to practice various and more complicated movement scenarios. The article describes RTMC layer model and simulator architecture in general. Two simulation tasks are described in details. The algorithms of simulation tasks for different levels of simulation are presented. In the end the benefits arising from application of the simulation for particular didactic tasks are discussed.

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Wykorzystanie panelu dotykowego dla poprawy ergonomii obsługi stanowiska kontroli dyspozytorskiej

Soczewka sygnalizatora kolejowego w ujęciu formalnym

Maximization of Energy Efficiency by Synchronizing the Speed of Trains on a Moving Block System

Energies

The publication deals with the problem of the effect of interference with the movement of the “pr... more The publication deals with the problem of the effect of interference with the movement of the “preceding” train on the movement of the “following” train in the case of efforts to reduce the distance between trains on a moving block interval. The paper presents results of the simulations for train of the ED250 type for a set of 135 traffic situations: for three contexts of reducing the speed of the “preceding” train, for five variants of the method of controlling the “following” train and for nine initial distances between these trains. The results confirmed the possibility of gaining time and energy benefits by implementing an appropriate method of controlling the “following” train, as well as providing insights into the area of shortening the gaps between trains, including the pursuit of synchronizing the speed of trains and possibly coupling them into a so-called virtual couples.

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Wybrane zagadnienia oceny ryzyka w odniesieniu do systemów sterowania ruchem kolejowym

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Transport, 2019

Projektowanie zdecentralizowanych struktur komputerowych systemów sterowania ruchem kolejowym

Poziomy szczegółowości modelu (LOD) w projektowaniu infrastruktury sterowania ruchem kolejowym w technologii BIM

Temporal Verification of Relay-Based Railway Traffic Control Systems Using the Integrated Model of Distributed Systems

Energies

Relay-based traffic control systems are still used in railway control systems. Their correctness ... more Relay-based traffic control systems are still used in railway control systems. Their correctness is most often verified by manual analysis, which does not guarantee correctness in all conditions. Passenger safety, control reliability, and failure-free operation of all components require formal proof of the control system’s correctness. Formal evidence allows certification of control systems, ensuring that safety will be maintained in correct conditions and the in event of failure. The operational safety of systems in the event of component failure cannot be manually checked practically in the event of various types of damage to one component, pairs of components, etc. In the article, we describe the methodology of automated system verification using the IMDS (integrated model of distributed systems) temporal formalism and the Dedan tool. The novelty of the presented verification methodology lays in graphical design of the circuit elements, automated verification liberating the desig...

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Andrzej Kochan

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