Chih-Heng Ke

National Quemoy University, CSIE, Faculty Member

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Papers by Chih-Heng Ke

Session details: Mobile P2P networks and applications (mobile P2P)

Proceedings of the 6th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference

A multipath transmission scheme for the improvement of throughput over SDN

2017 International Conference on Applied System Innovation (ICASI), 2017

Nowadays, the demand for data transmission is ever increasing with the increase of network applic... more Nowadays, the demand for data transmission is ever increasing with the increase of network applications. Therefore, how to enhance the performance of data transmission is an issue worthy of in-depth discussion. The throughput of single-path transmission schemes might be throttled by a congested link of its path. In contrast, multipath transmission schemes can utilize the bandwidth resource of several disjoint paths to increase the throughput. In this paper, we proposed a multipath transmission scheme to equally balance the traffic of a flow over the disjoint paths designated by the Software Defined Network (SDN) controller, which is able to learn the topology of the network and discover multiple transmission paths. Simulations were conducted with Mininet to evaluate our proposed transmission scheme. In comparison with the traditional single-path transmission scheme, which always adopts the shortest path, experimental results show that our proposed scheme achieves a significant improvement on performance in terms of transmission throughput.

Optimisation Methods for Fast Restoration of Software-Defined Networks

IEEE Access, 2017

The increasing complexity of modern day networked applications and the massive demand on the Inte... more The increasing complexity of modern day networked applications and the massive demand on the Internet resources has reignited interest and concern in the underlying networking infrastructures and their ability to cope with such complexity and adapt to the demands of the business applications, particularly where such applications require a high degree of robustness and reliability. As a result, software-defined networking has emerged as a promising approach to the definition of network architectures that could carry a high degree of adaptability and robustness reminiscent of the future Internet. Fault tolerance and network updates are considered two of the current research challenges that hamper the growth of software-defined networking in this area. Therefore, this paper represents a step toward tackling these two issues in the context of single link failures. Our main contribution lies in the definition of new algorithms that aim to enhance the problem of finding alternative paths in large-scale networks with minimal cost and time-to-update factors. The new solution aims at increasing the efficiency of flow operation reduction during link failures. We evaluate our framework and show how its implementation results in improved efficiency.

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Inter-flow fairness support and enhanced video quality delivery over multi-hop wireless networks

Computers & Electrical Engineering, 2016

Due to intra-flow and inter-flow interference problems, the throughput performance decreases dram... more Due to intra-flow and inter-flow interference problems, the throughput performance decreases dramatically in a multi-hop wireless network. These two kinds of bandwidth unfair sharing problems could cause serious collisions and congestion, hence affecting the performance of multi-hop wireless networks. That is to say, data packets that need to traverse more hops to arrive at the destination will get lower throughput and result in the interflow fairness problem. Furthermore, the quality of video transmission is especially poor in traditional multi-hop wireless network environments. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a virtual queue management scheme that does not require the modification of any communication protocol. According to the number of flows, it adjusts the queue management scheme to achieve each flow's fair sharing of channel resource. It also improves the quality of video transmission. Through NS2 simulations, the results show that our proposed scheme can mitigate the inter-flow fairness problem and effectively improves the quality of video transmission.

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Enhancing Multimedia Streaming with Weighted Multiple Transmission Paths in Software Defined Networks

With continuing advances in network and video and audio techniques, and the proliferation of mobi... more With continuing advances in network and video and audio techniques, and the proliferation of mobile applications, the demand for multimedia streaming has grown exponentially in recent years. This study therefore proposes a multipath transmission scheme, designated as Weighted Stochastic Multipath (WSMP) scheme, for enhancing the efficiency of multimedia streaming transmissions by utilizing the data flow control ability in Software Defined Networks (SDNs). The proposed method searches for multiple transmission paths meeting the imposed QoS constraints, and then uses the stochastic switching mechanism based on the OpenFlow protocol in SDNs to transmit the data packets of single data flows through the multiple paths. In addition, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to set the transmission weights of the different paths in such a way as to optimize the transmission performance. Thus, the proposed multipath transmission scheme not only can avoid single path interruptions ...

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Applying multi-agent deep reinforcement learning for contention window optimization to enhance wireless network performance

ICT Express

Development of Following Vehicle Prototype using Robot Operating System

2019 8th International Conference on Innovation, Communication and Engineering (ICICE)

A following vehicle can significantly reduce fatigue in people who want a hands-free walk. The ve... more A following vehicle can significantly reduce fatigue in people who want a hands-free walk. The vehicle follows a person and carries heavy things for him/her so that the person can walk in comfort without the burden of carrying the heavy things. Robot Operating System, ROS, is a software framework which is widely adopted for the development of automated guided vehicles, AGVs. Following vehicles and AGVs share many similarities. Both of them can move goods and autonomously plan their paths without manual intervention. Thus, this paper proposes a following vehicle prototype utilizing ROS. In a ROS robot, we integrate a program to measure the power present in received radio signals from a radio transmitter attached to the person it follows. The measurements indicate the approximate distance between the following vehicle and its user. The vehicle, then, moves toward the user based on the estimated distance. The experiment results prove that the proposed prototype can correctly follow the movement of its user in a linear direction with an obvious but acceptable delay.

Virtual topology partitioning towards an efficient failure recovery of software defined networks

2017 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC), 2017

Software Defined Networking is a new networking paradigm that has emerged recently as a promising... more Software Defined Networking is a new networking paradigm that has emerged recently as a promising solution for tackling the inflexibility of the classical IP networks. The centralized approach of SDN yields a broad area for intelligence to optimise the network at various levels. Fault tolerance is considered one of the most current research challenges that facing the SDN, hence, in this paper we introduce a new method that computes an alternative paths reactively for centrally controlled networks like SDN. The proposed method aims to reduce the update operation cost that the SDN network controller would spend in order to recover from a single link failure. Through utilising the principle of community detection, we define a new network model for the sake of improving the network's fault tolerance capability. An experimental study is reported showing the performance of the proposed method. Based on the results, some further directions are suggested in the context of machine learning towards achieving further advances in this research area.

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Analysis of Maximum Depth of Wireless Sensor Network Based on RPL and IEEE 802.15.4

Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 2018

The nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSN) are typically resource constrained so that they can m... more The nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSN) are typically resource constrained so that they can maintain only a few routes. More-capable nodes can insert extra routing information, i.e. source routing header (SRH), into packets to instruct the resource constrained ones to route the packet. A WSN with deeper depth requires longer SRH, thus leaving less space of a packet for the user data. We analyze the relationship between the length of the user data and the maximum depth of a WSN based on RPL and IEEE 802.15.4. The results can guide the application designers and the network administrators in selecting a suitable length of user data to guarantee that the data can be routed to each sensor nodes. Simulation results prove the correctness of our analysis.

Multipath Transmission Mechanism with P4 Switches in Software Defined Networks

2019 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-TW), 2019

This study investigated programmed control of transmitting video and audio streaming data with P4... more This study investigated programmed control of transmitting video and audio streaming data with P4 switches in software defined networks. When a packet is transmitted to a P4 switch, the switch checks the match actions and invokes a random function to determine which output port the packet should be sent to. Thus, the switches in the network can route the streaming data via different path according to the random function so as to provide multipath transmission. Simulation results showed that the proposed multipath transmission mechanism can improve transmission efficiency, reliability, and network throughput.

THRIFTY: Towards High Reduction In Flow Table memorY

The rapid evolution of information technology has compelled the ubiquitous systems and computing ... more The rapid evolution of information technology has compelled the ubiquitous systems and computing to adapt with this expeditious development. Because of its rigidity, computer networks failed to meet that evolvement for decades, however, the recently emerged paradigm of software-defined networks gives a glimpse of hope for a new networking architecture that provides more flexibility and adaptability. Fault tolerance is considered one of the key concerns with respect to the software-defined networks dependability. In this paper, we propose a new architecture, named THRIFTY, to ease the recovery process when failure occurs and save the storage space of forwarding elements, which is therefore aims to enhance the fault tolerance of software-defined networks. Unlike the prevailing concept of fault management, THRIFTY uses the Edge-Core technique to forward the incoming packets. THRIFTY is tailored to fit the only centrally controlled systems such as the new architecture of software-define...

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A Cloud-Based Monitoring System Employing Frame Skipping and Path Switching

Journal of Internet Technology, 2016

A congestion-aware cloud-based monitoring system is presented. The proposed system is capable of ... more A congestion-aware cloud-based monitoring system is presented. The proposed system is capable of continually accommodating its upload paths and adjusting its frame rate in response to network condition changes. Path switching scheme increases the throughput of cameras due to the avoidance of congested links. Frame skipping method eliminates the latency since cameras transmit only the frames which are likely to achieve their destinations in time. We further adopt an MPEG2-TS packer to encapsulate video and audio contents into MPEG2-TS files, which facilitate not only the distribution among several nearby data centers but also the instant or time-shifted playback of those distributed contents. The simulation results show that our solution yields a significant increase in the average throughput of all the cameras and achieves a lower latency whilst granting an acceptable responsiveness.

Bayesian Adaptive Path Allocation Techniques for Intra-Datacenter Workloads

2021 International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN), 2021

Data center networks (DCNs) are the backbone of many cloud and Internet services. They are vulner... more Data center networks (DCNs) are the backbone of many cloud and Internet services. They are vulnerable to link failures, that occur on a daily basis, with a high frequency. Service disruption due to link failure may incur financial losses, compliance breaches and reputation damage. Performance metrics such as packet loss and routing flaps are negatively affected by these failure events. We propose a new Bayesian learning approach towards adaptive path allocation that aims to improve DCN performance by reducing both packet loss and routing flaps ratios. The proposed approach incorporates historical information about link failure and usage probabilities into its allocation procedure, and updates this information on-the-fly during DCN operational time. We evaluate the proposed framework using an experimental platform built with the POX controller and the Mininet emulator. Compared with a benchmark shortest path algorithm, the results show that the proposed methods perform better in terms of reducing the packet loss and routing flaps.

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Improving video transmission in software defined wired and wireless networks using multi-path transmission

Journal of Communications and Networks, 2017

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the study of applying software defined networks t... more Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the study of applying software defined networks to improve video transmission. Compared with the existing studies which focus on a wired network, this study proposed a multi-path transmission mechanism for improving the performance of transmitting videos from a wired network to a wireless one in a software defined network environment. In the proposed mechanism, a mobile host could apply network bonding to integrate several physical or virtual wireless network modules, each of which was connected to a different access point, into a combined device. Thus, multiple wireless links of the mobile host could be established and hence multiple transmission paths from the video source in the wired network to the mobile host were derived. In addition, different amount of video packets were allocated onto different transmission paths so as to maximize the performance of the multi-path transmission. According to the results of our experiments, the proposed mechanism can enhance the performance of transmission in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR).

Efficiency Network Construction of Advanced Metering Infrastructure Using Zigbee

IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2019

An advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) consists of a meter data management system, a concentra... more An advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) consists of a meter data management system, a concentrator, and a meter. Each component can communicate with all other components, through either wired or wireless connections. In an AMI local area networks, various protocols, such as Zigbee, WiFi, and power-line communication, have the potential for used in AMI communication. Of these protocols, Zigbee offers self-constructing networks, low costs, and superior safety levels. Zigbee is adopted as the LAN communication protocol because of these advantages in this study. In a LAN, a concentrator may encounter many emergent situations, any of which might cause the concentrator to lose its network connection function. Consequently, additional time is required for network construction, which tends to reduce the reliability of smart grids with LANs of this type. To solve these issues, this paper proposes fast join process (FJP) and enhanced FJP to shorten the time of Zigbee network construction. The strategy employed in this paper is to let every meter join a specified concentrator. The proposed FJP does not scan unnecessary channels. By simplifying association message exchange, we further propose a new method called the enhanced FJP. Using these methods, not only can message flow be managed easily, but the time of network construction can also be improved.

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Genetic algorithm-based routing method for enhanced video delivery over software defined networks

International Journal of Communication Systems, 2017

Video streaming has emerged as a killer application in today's Internet, delivering a tremendous ... more Video streaming has emerged as a killer application in today's Internet, delivering a tremendous amount of media contents to millions of users at any given time. Such a heavy traffic load demands an effective routing method. In this paper, an effective routing method, named GA-SDN, is developed based on software defined network (SDN) technique. To facilitate the researchers in this field to evaluate the video delivery quality over SDN, an evaluation framework and its associated source codes are provided. The framework integrates the H.264 Scalable Video coding streaming Evaluation Framework (SVEF) with the Mininet emulator. Through this framework, video processing researchers can evaluate their proposed coding algorithms in an SDN-enabled network emulator, while network operators or executives can evaluate the impact of real video streams on the developing network architectures or protocols. Experiment results demonstrate the usefulness of myEvalSVC_SDN and prove that GA-SDN outperforms traditional Bellman-Ford routing algorithm in terms of packet drop rate, throughput, and average peak signal-to-noise ratio.

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A novel mapping mechanism for MPEG-4 video delivery over IEEE 802.11e networks

Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2015

IEEE 802.11e has been introduced to support quality of service (QoS) in WLANs by allocating diffe... more IEEE 802.11e has been introduced to support quality of service (QoS) in WLANs by allocating different traffics to four access categories. Cross-layer design is a method to improve the transmission quality of multimedia over wireless networks. However, when the fragmented packets of a single frame are allocated to different AC queues, out-of-order delivery may occur. Then the receiving node requires more buffer space to absorb the outof-order packets. Therefore, even with a significance classification mechanism, the quality of the video transmission may still be limited due to the occurrence of out-of-order delivery and the transmission of information that becomes useless to the receiver. Therefore, this work developed a novel mapping mechanism (NMM) to improving the quality of MPEG-4 video delivery over IEEE 802.11e networks. The NMM considers the action that was taken on packet of the video frame that had been previously transmitted to resolve the out-of-order delivery by allocating them to the same AC queue as the previously process if possible. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism NMM takes more aggressive scheme to protect more important frame packets from being dropped. In order to evaluate the quality of MPEG-4 video delivery over IEEE 802.11e networks by the proposed mechanism, this work adopted two evaluation metrics, which is called Peak to Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) and the ratio of frames loss. The simulation results demonstrate that, in terms of both PSNR and the ratio of frames loss, the proposed scheme outperforms exiting schemes such as EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access) and adaptive mapping.

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Evaluation of the Delivered MPEG Video Quality over Wireless Channels

Performance Evaluation of 802.11e EDCF in Infrastructure Mode with Real Audio/Video Traffic

International conference on Networking and Services (ICNS'06), 2006

Page 1. Performance Evaluation of 802.11e EDCF in Infrastructure Mode with Real Audio/Video Traff... more

Performance Evaluation of 802.11e EDCF in the Ad-hoc mode with Real Audio/Video Traffic

2006 IFIP International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks

... HM Liang, CH Ke, CK Shieh Department ofElectrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University,... more

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